S. Jacques, M. Ostermeyer, Lihong V. Wang, A. Hielscher
{"title":"Effects of Sources, Boundaries, and Heterogeneities on Photon Migration","authors":"S. Jacques, M. Ostermeyer, Lihong V. Wang, A. Hielscher","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1994.apmpdwi.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.apmpdwi.83","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers three issues regarding the suitability of diffusion theory for calculations of\u0000 photon density waves: \u0000 (1) Directed sources, such as a collimated beam,\u0000 (2) Boundaries (eg., an air/tissue interface), and \u0000 (3) Heterogeneities (eg., tumor or vessel).\u0000 Heterogeneities have optical properties of absorption (µa) and scattering (µs'\u0000 = µs(1-g)) in [cm-1] which differ from the surrounding background tissue\u0000 properties, and are treated by a method of superposition of virtual sources (the SVS Method).","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132279104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Liu, D. Boas, B. Beauvoit, E. Rachofsky, M. A. O'Leary, T. Kitai, B. Chance
{"title":"Absorption and Scattering Properties in a Highly Absorbing Turbid Medium","authors":"H. Liu, D. Boas, B. Beauvoit, E. Rachofsky, M. A. O'Leary, T. Kitai, B. Chance","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1994.opttm.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.opttm.272","url":null,"abstract":"The use of NIR spectroscopy to determine, within the diffusion approximation, the absorption and scattering coefficients (μa and μs') of a highly-absorbing turbid medium is very difficult. In this paper, we investigate whether this difficulty results theoretically from the invalidation of the diffusion approximation or technically from the weak light intensity and small signal to noise ratio caused by the high absorption. First, we employ the transport theory in a simplified form to predict the ratio μa/μs' when the diffusion approximation becomes invalid. We show that the diffusion theory breaks down when the ratio of μa/μs' is equal to ~1/10. This implies that the diffusion approximation is still valid theoretically for a very high absorbing organ, such as liver. Then, as an example of NIR spectroscopy with highly absorbing tissue, we present in vivo hemoglobin saturation studies on cuffed human forearms using continuous, amplitude modulated, and pulsed light.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116659592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Imaging System for Low Coherence Tomography","authors":"Eva Lankenau, P. Koch, R. Engelhardt","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1996.cit247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1996.cit247","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate methods to realise optical low coherence tomography with field illumination and an imaging system. The coherence gated measurements are performed with a Michelson interferometer, imaging optics and a slow-scan CCD camera. The probe is illuminated by a parallel beam with a diameter of up to 1mm. A limitation of this method is set by multiple scattering within the tissue. To describe the influence of multiple scattered photons, light is focused on the sample and the backscattered light is superimposed by a parallel reference beam. We describe the limits for measuring 3-dimensional structures within scattering samples.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134450970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Lisyanky, D. Livdan, J. H. Li, T. D. Cheung, A. Z. Genack
{"title":"Surface Intensity Profiles for Optical Propagation in Random Media","authors":"A. A. Lisyanky, D. Livdan, J. H. Li, T. D. Cheung, A. Z. Genack","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1994.dcwi.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.dcwi.301","url":null,"abstract":"The time-dependent intensity profile of photons propagating in a random media with reflective boundaries is calculated. Excellent agreement is found between theoretical calculations and measurements of transmission and surface intensity profiles in samples with different surface reflectivities. These results allow us to determine the coherent penetration depth and the optical transport mean-free path are obtained.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133269998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Elastic Scattering Spectroscopy as a Potential Diagnostic for Tissue Pathologies","authors":"J. Boyer, J. Mourant, I. Bigio","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1994.opttm.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.opttm.265","url":null,"abstract":"The spectral distribution of the diffuse reflectance of five sizes of polystyrene microspheres has been measured with an elastic scatter spectrometer designed for optical biopsy of living tissue. The microsphere sizes are representative of the suspected scattering centers in living tissue. The experiment data are discussed and interpreted in the framework of Mie scattering theory and Monte-Carlo transport analysis. Present results support the assertion that Mie theory is necessary to describe the spectral features of elastic scatter spectroscopy in tissue.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129075895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speckle Spectroscopy under Atmospheric Turbulence","authors":"N. Baba, S. Kuwamura, N. Miura, Y. Norimoto","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1994.wpl.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.wpl.60","url":null,"abstract":"A method for speckle spectroscopy under atmospheric turbulence is described. A stellar speckle image and its dispersed speckle image are observed simultaneously. An object is reconstructed from speckle images, and its spectrum is reconstructed from dispersed speckle images referring to their speckle images. The shift-and-add reconstruction method is discussed in comparison with ballistic light imaging. Several observational results show that stellar spectroscopy with high-spatial resolution is feasible even under atmospheric turbulence.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128524986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tomographic Detection of Fluorophores Embedded in Tissue-Like Phantom","authors":"Jun Wu, L. Perelman, R. Dasari, M. Feld","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1996.trit116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1996.trit116","url":null,"abstract":"We present a prototype tomographic system and a simple inverse algorithm to detect fluorescent objects embedded in thick tissue-like phantoms using early arriving fluorescence photons.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115935390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convolution Backprojection Reconstruction from Photon Density Waves","authors":"P. M. Eckman, G. Faris","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1996.ria305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1996.ria305","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the application of the convolution backprojection algorithm to reconstruction of a simple object viewed with photon density waves.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116329875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrafast Upconversion Time-Gating in Rare-Earth Doped Glasses for Optical Imaging Through Highly Scattering Media.","authors":"G. Voevodkin, Tim van Doom","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1996.trit119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1996.trit119","url":null,"abstract":"A new subpicosecond time-gating technique based on two step upconversion absorption of signal and reference pulses at two different wavelengths by rare-earth ions (Pr3+) is presented.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125925384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Noninvasive Optical Topography Measurement System","authors":"Y. Yamashita, A. Maki, H. Koizumi","doi":"10.1364/aoipm.1996.di344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1996.di344","url":null,"abstract":"The developed system noninvasively measures topographic images inside tissue by using near-infrared light. Nine incident and four detecting optical fibers are arranged alternately at square lattice points on the subject. Incident light is optically demultiplexed and connected to one of the incident fibers. Light reflected from the subject is received by the detecting fibers, each of which is connected to a photo-diode. The photo-diode outputs are multiplexed. Sixteen combinations of neighboring incident- and detecting-fibers are selected sequentially. Evaluation of system performance by using a phantom containing an absorber localized in a scattering medium showed that this system can topographically detect brain activity in the cerebral cortex.","PeriodicalId":368664,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122012387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}