IET Nanodielectrics最新文献

{"title":"Improved Insulation Properties of Polypropylene With Highly Orientated Lamellar Induced by NonIsothermal Shear Stress","authors":"Lei Huang,&nbsp;Yan-Hui Song,&nbsp;Li-Juan Yin,&nbsp;Shao-Long Zhong,&nbsp;Zhi-Min Dang","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polypropylene plays an irreplaceable role in electrical insulation and electrostatic capacitors and has been extensively studied with its microstructure and insulation properties optimised for high-power density miniaturised devices. The extrinsic modifiers or industrial upgrading have not yet achieved a remarkable breakthrough in either concise theory or comprehensive performance. Here, we develop a nonisothermal shear process on melt to regulate the nucleation density and the lamellar orientation along the surface and reveal pore defects in disorder boundaries between spherulites as the microscopic nature of the property bottleneck. The high-rated shear process induces a crystallographic surface texture of (1 1 0) planes from which the elimination of micro-defect benefits. Our high-rated shear strategy achieves an excellent dielectric strength of 573.7 MV/m with an increase of 33% and an improved insulation resistance by 130% at 100 MV/m with the minimised absorption of injected current.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Brain Tumour Cell Detection With High-Sensitivity Terahertz Sensors Based on Photonic Crystal Fibre","authors":"Diponkar Kundu,&nbsp;Md. Sohel Rana,&nbsp;Md. Naimur Rahman Naim,&nbsp;Md. Jobaier Hossain,&nbsp;A. H. M. Iftekharul Ferdous,&nbsp;Md. Safiul Islam,&nbsp;Md. Golam Sadeque","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Early detection of brain tumours is crucial for timely treatment, improving survival rates, and preventing severe neurological complications. When successful procedures for early identification are applied to brain tumours, it might preserve people. The article illustrates an original biological device for finding the first signs of brain tumour cells based on photonic crystal fibre (PCF) equipment performing within the terahertz (THz) band. The suggested scanner is a helpful instrument in tumour tissue diagnosis due to its extremely sensitive nature along with minimal transmission degradation. The photonic crystal fibre's distinctive arrangement, utilised by the terahertz frequency spectrum, permits accurate classification of healthy and tumour parts according to the differences in electromagnetic features. Typical tissue in the brain contain damage, tumours, as well as cells that are cancerous. When juxtaposed with previous PCF-based biological indicators, the device that is recommended has excellent comparative response with minimal expenses. The sensing device has a relative sensitivity of 99.26%, an effective area of 4.77 × 10⁻⁸ m², a minimal confinement loss of 9.55 × 10⁻⁶ cm⁻¹, and a low effective material loss of 0.00219 cm⁻¹. The findings of this investigation indicate a big step forward for biological observing equipment, providing a hopeful approach to prompt identification of brain tumours for possible commercial diagnostic possibilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Feasibility of Replacing SF6 With C5F10O for Gas-Insulated Switchgear From Insulation Properties","authors":"Yalong Xia,&nbsp;Fuxiang Li,&nbsp;Hua Mao,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Song Xiao,&nbsp;Yijiang Chen","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perfluoropentanone (C₅F₁₀O) gas mixtures are expected to be used in gas-insulated switchgear due to their excellent environmental and insulating properties. Nevertheless, the study of the insulating properties and influencing factors of C₅F₁₀O gas mixtures under the internal conditions of gas-insulated switchgear is not yet comprehensive. This paper comprehensively investigates the insulating properties of C₅F₁₀O/dry air gas mixtures. The findings demonstrate that adding C₅F₁₀O significantly enhances the insulating properties of the gas mixture. The findings of this research serve as a valuable reference for the engineering application, operation, and maintenance of C₅F₁₀O/dry air gas mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in Insulation and Corona Resistance of PI by Incorporating SiO2 and AlN","authors":"Yiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Ziyang Liu,&nbsp;Tiandong Zhang,&nbsp;Yongquan Zhang,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Qingguo Chi,&nbsp;Changhai Zhang","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid advancement of new energy vehicles has exposed critical limitations in conventional enamelled wire insulation materials for drive motors, particularly in meeting escalating operational demands. Polyimide is widely adopted in the motor insulation systems, and its inherent corona resistance remains insufficient under extreme conditions. Herein, we propose a strategy to improve the corona resistance of PI films or PI polymer based on the integration of silicon dioxide (SiO₂) and aluminium nitride (AlN) nanoparticles. The results indicate that the excellent insulation of SiO₂ and the high thermal conductivity of AlN can lead to a strong effect in improving the corona resistance life of PI. The resultant polymer film (MPI/ASA3) exhibits an excellent corona resistance life of 184.7 min which is 23.38 times higher than that of the MPI/1.0 vol% AOC film. Meanwhile, it still maintains excellent thermal and mechanical properties. Hopefully, our work could promote the advancement of the drive motor for new energy vehicle technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dipolar Polyimides With a Clever Balance in Dielectric Performance by Introducing a Twisted Fluorene Structure for the Development of Electronic Applications","authors":"Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Yadong Tang,&nbsp;Chujun Yang,&nbsp;Zheng Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jiang,&nbsp;Yunhe Zhang","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyimides with combined high thermal resistance and excellent electrical properties are specifically desired for various electrical and power electronic systems. However, traditional polyimide lacks functional groups with huge dipole moments and hence suffer from intrinsic inferior permittivity. Dipolar polymers, as potential high permittivity materials, have received considerable attention. Here, rigid and twisted fluorene groups are introduced into the polyimide backbone, containing urea groups in the side chain. The twisted fluorene structure provides free volume for dipole rotation, which can effectively improve the dipole mobility and avoid the problem of elevated dielectric loss caused by the dipole-flip lag, whereas the urea groups with high dipole moments contribute to the elevation of the permittivity. Ultimately, a clever balance between high permittivity and low dielectric loss is realised through the molecular structure design; BP-BU_0.7 exhibits a high permittivity of 6.37 and a low dielectric loss of 0.0083 at room temperature and 1 kHz. Simultaneously, taking advantage of this characteristic, BP-BU_0.7 is used as the gate dielectric for the organic thin-film transistor (OTFT), and the device exhibits outstanding field-effect properties with low threshold voltage (−0.96 V) and high carrier mobility (4.09 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹) under low voltage (−5 V) operation. This polyimide material is considered as a potential dipole glass polymer dielectric for electronic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study on Creeping Flashover Characteristics Along Dielectric Surfaces in Oil-Filled Transformer Using Electro-Optic Coupling Method","authors":"Lei Yao,&nbsp;Jianan Weng,&nbsp;Muzi Li,&nbsp;Maomao Zhang","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Winding deformations and insulation dampness are the two main causes for the creeping flashover along the dielectric surfaces of oil-immersed power transformers, which could lead to main insulation failures and explosions. In this paper, these two types of insulation defects are modelled by evaluating creeping discharge tests due to moisture dripping and local electric field enhancement in a transformer protype. The completed creeping process along the dielectric interface, from partial discharge initiation to eventual flashover, was observed using an SLR camera and electro-optical coupled sensors. The results indicate that the evolution of the two types of discharges can be divided into four stages, that is, initial weak discharge at the tip of the high voltage side, appearance of carbonised traces at the tip, strong arc discharge in the gap between the high and low voltage sides and eventual flashover. Creeping discharges caused by insulation dampness grow faster than that caused by winding deformations, in terms of discharge intensity and carbonised pressboard areas. Therefore, the more serious surface discharge phenomenon under the condition of insulation and humidity in this paper is mainly caused by the more obvious space charge accumulation brought by low-density areas such as bubbles.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalising DC-Aged Silicone Rubber Composites: Hybrid-Silica/Alumina Triumph Over Multi-Stress Ageing","authors":"Rahmat Ullah,&nbsp;Israr Ullah,&nbsp;Rizwan Ahmed,&nbsp;Alistair Reid,&nbsp;Manu Haddad","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, various concentrations of high-temperature vulcanised silicone rubber composites filled with nano/micro silica and alumina were manufactured. In this work, all test specimens were subjected to a variety of environmental stresses as well as DC voltage for 5000 h. Then, different diagnostic methods were used to look at the changes that happened on their surfaces and in their bulk properties. These included hydrophobicity classification, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) analysis, leakage current analysis and mechanical strength analysis. The composite with 2% nano silica and 10% micro alumina had the smoothest surface and the best hydrophobicity (HC-3). It also had the lowest leakage current (3.1 μA), the least amount of strength loss (31.3%), and good thermal stability compared to the other samples that were studied. Aged samples show a considerable increase in the concentration of the O element and a significant drop in the proportion of the Si component relative to the virgin specimen, which points to the oxidation of chemical bonds during HTV SR and their composites during ageing but with different concentrations. However, two samples (SP2 and SP3) showed comparatively lower concentrations of oxygen degradation in Si contents. This can be attributed to the strong molecular interaction between the fillers and the base matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterisation of \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cu\u0000 0.5\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Mg\u0000 0.5\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Fe\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 4\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ${text{Cu}}_{mathbf{0.5}}{text{Mg}}_{mathbf{0.5}}{text{Fe}}_{mathbf{2}}{mathbf{O}}_{mathbf{4}}$\u0000 nanoparticles doped with cadmium by co-precipitation method for acetonitrile, acetone, and ethanol gas detection with deep learning-based methods","authors":"Alireza Ghasemi,&nbsp;Mohsen Ashourian,&nbsp;Gholam Reza Amiri","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a magnetic disk was prepared using nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 15 nm. The morphological and structural characteristics of these nanoparticles were systematically examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and alternating force gradient magnetometry (AGFM). XRD analysis confirmed that the average diameter of the copper–magnesium ferrite nanoparticles doped with cadmium was approximately 12 nm, consistent with TEM results, which also showed uniform particle distribution and a tendency to form clusters in powdered form. AGFM measurements revealed that the magnetic property of the powder sample was 15.83 emu/g, which increased to 22.70 emu/g after compression, highlighting the influence of particle density and morphology on magnetic behaviour. Gas sensing tests demonstrated that the fabricated sensors achieved exceptional sensitivity, particularly to acetonitrile, with a maximum sensitivity of 92.3%. A hybrid deep learning model, Bi-LSTM, was utilised to enhance the precision of gas classification. The proposed methodology was benchmarked against traditional machine learning models, including LSTM and RNN, and demonstrated superior performance. The accuracy of gas detection reached an impressive 99.89%, as validated by ROC analysis, underscoring the efficacy of the deep learning-based approach. These findings highlight the potential of cadmium-doped ferrite nanoparticles for high-performance gas sensing applications, suitable for both industrial and medical uses.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace-level fuel contaminant detection using an ultrasensitive HC-photonic crystal fibre sensor","authors":"Md. Galib Hasan,&nbsp;Ariyan Haque Joy,&nbsp;A. H. M. Iftekharul Ferdous,&nbsp;Kayab Khandakar,&nbsp;Khalid Sifulla Noor,&nbsp;Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed","doi":"10.1049/nde2.12096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.12096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fuel adulteration involving the illicit mixing of substances such as kerosene and diesel with petrol poses significant risks to engine performance, environmental safety and consumer health. This paper presents a novel HC-PCF sensor designed to accurately detect and identify adulterants in petroleum-based fuels with unprecedented sensitivity and selectivity. The proposed HC-PCF sensor features a unique circular core structure surrounded by a carefully engineered square cladding region, enabling highly sensitive detection of refractive index changes caused by the presence of adulterants. Through rigorous numerical simulations and optimisation, our design achieves remarkable maximum relative sensitivities of 98.56%, 98.95%, and 99.32% for petrol, kerosene, and diesel, respectively, outperforming many previously reported techniques. A comprehensive analysis of the sensor's performance reveals an ultra-low confinement loss of 4.08 × 10⁻¹⁰ dB/m, 1.08 × 10⁻¹³ dB/m, and 2.95 × 10⁻¹² dB/m and effective material loss of 0.0040 cm⁻¹, 0.0036 cm⁻¹, and 0.0034 cm⁻¹, highlighting its exceptional light-guiding capabilities and sensitivity. The sensor's high responsiveness facilitates the detection of even trace levels of adulterants by capturing minute refractive index variations as low as possible, enabling real-time monitoring and timely intervention in adulteration incidents. The proposed HC-PCF sensor exhibits high selectivity, precisely targeting the refractive index signatures of fuels, ensuring accurate detection even in complex chemical environments. Its compact size and robust design make it suitable for deployment in various fuel quality control applications, from transportation to industrial settings. Overall, this work introduces cutting-edge HC-PCF sensor technology that addresses the critical need for reliable fuel adulteration detection with unparalleled sensitivity and selectivity, contributing to enhanced product quality, consumer protection, and environmental sustainability in the energy sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.12096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on optimisation methods for production processes of composite insulator sheath and GRP rod","authors":"Haowen Luo,&nbsp;Sida Zhang,&nbsp;Li Cheng,&nbsp;Zhiyi Li","doi":"10.1049/nde2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/nde2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water diffusion significantly contributes to the abnormal heating in composite insulators. At the same time, the material performance shortcomings caused by the composite insulator production process can further increase water diffusion. To optimise the production process of composite insulators to prevent or reduce such abnormal heating, the fillers of the composite insulator sheath and the production of glass-fibre-reinforced plastic (GRP) rods are analysed. Based on the water absorption model of the sheath and the fibre infiltration model of the rod, it is identified that the flame retardant particle size is a factor that affects the water absorption of the sheath, whereas the epoxy resin liquid viscosity and the fibre volume fraction are factors that affect the porosity of the GRP rod. The experimental results show that the use of modified large-particle-size flame retardants can reduce the water absorption rate of the sheath, whereas low-viscosity liquids and high-fibre volume fractions can reduce the porosity of the GRP rod. The sheath and GRP rod produced using the optimised process continue to meet the standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":36855,"journal":{"name":"IET Nanodielectrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/nde2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}