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Studying Surface and Canopy Layer Urban Heat Island at Micro-Scale Using Multi-Sensor Data in Geographic Information Systems 基于地理信息系统多传感器数据的微尺度地表和冠层城市热岛研究
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018100103
Bakul Budhiraja, P. Pathak, D. Acharya
{"title":"Studying Surface and Canopy Layer Urban Heat Island at Micro-Scale Using Multi-Sensor Data in Geographic Information Systems","authors":"Bakul Budhiraja, P. Pathak, D. Acharya","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018100103","url":null,"abstract":"Variations of Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect within urban areas cannot be studied in detail using traditional combination of satellite images with thermal infrared (IR) bands and local weather station data due to their limited spatio-temporal scale. In this article, a system has been built to supplement the current infrastructure and enhance the high spatio-temporal scale. The article progresses from initially traversing through the city of Greater Noida to continuous manual data collection on an academic campus and later by automating it with integrated sensors on a microcontroller while achieving the objective of the collection of continuous high spatio-temporal scale data. Geographic information systems (GISs) were used to integrate and visualize these data with land surface temperature (LST) and air temperature data. The system provided the diurnal cycle of urban materials and insights into nighttime UHI at micro-scale. Overall the low-cost sensing technology presented has the potential to monitor citywide UHI.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122272558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Assessing Social Vulnerability to Fire Hazards at the Kumasi Central Market, Ghana 评估加纳库马西中央市场对火灾危险的社会脆弱性
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018100104
Dacosta Aboagye, S. Adu-Prah, C. Ansah
{"title":"Assessing Social Vulnerability to Fire Hazards at the Kumasi Central Market, Ghana","authors":"Dacosta Aboagye, S. Adu-Prah, C. Ansah","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018100104","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how social vulnerability indicators can assist with informing fire disaster relief preparations. Fire outbreaks at the Kumasi Central Market in Ghana have become an annual event. About 27 fire disasters were recorded between 2007 and 2016. This article uses a spatially-centered approach to assess human vulnerability to fire risk at the location. The study used a geographic information system to compliment indicators of vulnerability to assess the level of fire risk and adaptive capacities. Mixed method approach was also used to collect survey data from traders and emergency response agencies. Data sets were analyzed using SPSS and ArcGIS. The study revealed that: most of the damaging fires occur during the dry season; fire hydrants in the market are insufficient and inaccessible; and there are low levels of awareness on fire risk and weak adaptive capacities. The article recommends provision of more fire hydrants and mass education on disaster risk prevention. Also, the market must be reconstructed with fire resistant materials and designed to make it more accessible to fire emergency response.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130913676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Water Quality Mapping of Yamuna River Stretch Passing Through Delhi State Using High Resolution Geoeye-2 Imagery 利用高分辨率Geoeye-2图像对流经德里邦的亚穆纳河进行水质测绘
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018100102
S. Said, A. Hussain, G. Sharma
{"title":"Water Quality Mapping of Yamuna River Stretch Passing Through Delhi State Using High Resolution Geoeye-2 Imagery","authors":"S. Said, A. Hussain, G. Sharma","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018100102","url":null,"abstract":"The present article utilizes high resolution Geoeye 2 imagery for mapping and monitoring pollution concentrations of 22 km stretch of river Yamuna passing through Delhi state, by developing regression models between water quality parameters (WQP's) and the corresponding spectral reflectance values. Water samples collected from the sampling locations were analysed for 20 WQP's and grouped into four classes namely; (WQP)organic, (WQP)inorganic, (WQP)anion and (WQP)cation. Several spectral band combinations as well as single bands were probed for performing multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis with the four WQP classes. Results reveal relatively strong positive correlations for band combination viz. [mean RGB × √B/R] with all four WQP classes yielding high R2 value (∼0.85) and RMSE (∼1.03) amongst other selected band combinations. Spatial distribution maps were generated that substantiates to the actual in-situ pollution concentration levels thereby evidences the potential of high resolution Geoeye-2 imagery for monitoring and mapping pollution concentrations in the water bodies.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115706135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Modeling Positional Uncertainty Acquired Through Street Geocoding 基于街道地理编码的位置不确定性建模
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018100101
Hyeongmo Koo, Y. Chun, D. Griffith
{"title":"Modeling Positional Uncertainty Acquired Through Street Geocoding","authors":"Hyeongmo Koo, Y. Chun, D. Griffith","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018100101","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how modeling positional uncertainty helps to understand potential factors of uncertainty, and to identify impacts of uncertainty on spatial analysis results. However, modeling geocoding positional uncertainty still is limited in providing a comprehensive explanation about these impacts, and requires further investigation of potential factors to enhance understanding of uncertainty. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation among geocoded points has been barely considered in this type of modeling, although the presence of spatial autocorrelation is recognized in the literature. The purpose of this article is to extend the discussion about modeling geocoding positional uncertainty by investigating potential factors with regression, whose model is appropriately specified to account for spatial autocorrelation. The analysis results for residential addresses in Volusia County, Florida reveal covariates that are significantly associated with uncertainty in geocoded points. In addition, these results confirm that spatial autocorrelation needs to be accounted for when modeling positional uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"2459 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130995915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Using GIS Technology to Define and Assess a Rurality Scheme Suitable for Decision Support in Health and Patient Services 使用GIS技术定义和评估适合于卫生和病人服务决策支持的农村方案
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018070101
L. Sahar, Rentonia Williams, Arthi Rao, Kassandra I. Alcaraz, K. Portier
{"title":"Using GIS Technology to Define and Assess a Rurality Scheme Suitable for Decision Support in Health and Patient Services","authors":"L. Sahar, Rentonia Williams, Arthi Rao, Kassandra I. Alcaraz, K. Portier","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018070101","url":null,"abstract":"Labeling geographic areas into rural or urban classes has implications to public policy, distribution of funds and services, as well as analysis and research. Rural-Urban classifications are often limited to dichotomous, county-based comparisons on geographies that can be too large and diverse to effectively assess and resource health care needs and services. Using an existing census tract based classification system, a modified rurality classification layer is proposed and used as a foundation layer in support of research, mission and income programs at a National Non-profit Organization. This system is analyzed by integrating with health services and program data to better understand accessibility and availability of health services, to assess available program offerings, and to evaluate the geographic distribution of health care providers and facilities. The analysis illustrates how identifying intra-rural differences can play a pivotal role in understanding patient needs, assigning adequate resources and can further support public health programs and policy implementation.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126446474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Geovisualization of Socio-Spatial Data on Outdoor Activities and Values in the Southern Appalachians 南阿巴拉契亚地区户外活动和价值社会空间数据的地理可视化
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018070104
D. Styers, G. R. Dobbs, L. Cerveny, Isaac T. Hayes
{"title":"Geovisualization of Socio-Spatial Data on Outdoor Activities and Values in the Southern Appalachians","authors":"D. Styers, G. R. Dobbs, L. Cerveny, Isaac T. Hayes","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018070104","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes how GIS is increasingly being used to explore, analyze, and visualize qualitative social data across space. The authors applied a number of geovisualization and analysis approaches to spaces identified on maps by survey participants, in the context of a Human Ecology Mapping (HEM) project in western North Carolina. HEM is an applied research endeavor that has been used in a number of other locations to tease out relationships between people and landscapes by identifying both the activities people do in certain locations and the values they hold about those locations. The authors' western NC project gathered location information through participant sketch mapping, and activities, values, and social/demographic data in a survey. They combined these in a GIS and present a selection of visualization and analyses that demonstrate the effectiveness of GIS techniques in understanding places, how they are used, and which people use them for what purposes.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131380663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
County Socioeconomic Deprivation and Preterm Birth Risk Between White and Black Mothers in Georgia, USA 美国乔治亚州白人和黑人母亲的县社会经济剥夺与早产风险
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018070102
Wei Tu
{"title":"County Socioeconomic Deprivation and Preterm Birth Risk Between White and Black Mothers in Georgia, USA","authors":"Wei Tu","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018070102","url":null,"abstract":"Past studies have reported the association between living in a socioeconomically deprived neighborhood and elevated preterm births (PtB) risk after adjusting certain individual level confounders. This article examined the association between county-level deprivation and PtB risk of three stratified racial groups, white, black, and the others. The author built two level random intercept logistic regression models using 112,589 single live births retrieved from vital statistics record in Georgia, USA in 2010. Although county level deprivation was found to be insignificant for PtB risk for the entire study population, it had a significant yet modest effect on magnifying the PtB risk of black women (The odds ratio (OR) = 1.063,95% CI = 1.02, 1.12). In addition, the Median Odds Ratio (MOR) (1.229) indicated a weak neighborhood effect on PtB risk and the Interval Odds Ratio (IOR)-80% (0.68-1.49) suggested large unaccounted county-level heterogeneity. Future research will include more confounders at both levels in analysis as well as addressing the uncertain geographic context problem (UGCoP).","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121968710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Application of Data Fusion for Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Water Quality in the Shenandoah River 数据融合在谢南多厄河水质不确定性和敏感性分析中的应用
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018070103
M. Mbuh
{"title":"Application of Data Fusion for Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Water Quality in the Shenandoah River","authors":"M. Mbuh","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018070103","url":null,"abstract":"This article is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of combining water quality observations with modeling using data fusion techniques for efficient nutrients monitoring in the Shenandoah River (SR). It explores the hypothesis; “Sensitivity and uncertainty from water quality modeling and field observation can be improved through data fusion for a better prediction of water quality.” It models water quality using water quality simulation programs and combines the results with field observation, using a Kalman filter (KF). The results show that the analysis can be improved by using more observations in watersheds where minor variations to the analysis result in large differences in the subsequent forecast. Analyses also show that while data fusion was an invaluable tool to reduce uncertainty, an improvement in the temporal scales would also enhance results and reduce uncertainty. To examine how changes in the field observation affects the final KF analysis, the fusion and lab analysis cross-validation showed some improvement in the results with a very high coefficient of determination.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121104731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geographic Analysis of Domestic Violence Incident Locations and Neighborhood Level Influences 家庭暴力事件发生地点的地理分析及邻里水平的影响
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018040102
Rick L. Bunch, C. Murray, Xiaoli Gao, E. D. Hunt
{"title":"Geographic Analysis of Domestic Violence Incident Locations and Neighborhood Level Influences","authors":"Rick L. Bunch, C. Murray, Xiaoli Gao, E. D. Hunt","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018040102","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic violence is an important public health issue, and there is limited research to date that examines community-level influences on this serious form of violence. This article investigates the neighborhood characteristics of domestic violence incidents in the city of Greensboro, North Carolina. US Census block group boundaries and corresponding tables were used as proxies for neighborhoods. The article addresses an important gap in domestic violence research by combining geographic and statistical analyses at the block group level. Geographic data were analyzed using an Optimized Hot Spot Analysis (OHA) along with features selected by penalized Poisson regression model. The OHA was used to identify spatial clusters of high and low values while the penalized Poisson regression model was used to select the important variables from over 7000 candidates. The results of high-dimensional analysis produced six categories and 20 variables that were used to examine the characteristics of spatial clusters.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128882142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Development and Implementation of Interoperable Secure SDI Model Using Open Source GIS 基于开源GIS的互操作安全SDI模型的开发与实现
Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res. Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJAGR.2018040104
Rabindra Kumar Barik
{"title":"Development and Implementation of Interoperable Secure SDI Model Using Open Source GIS","authors":"Rabindra Kumar Barik","doi":"10.4018/IJAGR.2018040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAGR.2018040104","url":null,"abstract":"It is observed that none of the academic institutes in India contributes for the development of SDI model at national level. Some of the developed models are not highly encouraging with respect to technical, organisational and institutional aspects. Non-availability of a standard functional SDI model based on SOA, Lack of technical interoperability and security aspects have also been a prime concern in SDI models using Open Source GIS (OSGIS). This article discusses appropriate application areas, i.e. the Education Sector, Geographical Indication and Mineral Resources Information Infrastructures to develop and implement the SDI model by a suitable adoption of OSS. The architecture of SOA-based interoperable and secure SDI models, which links the metadata server to database server, 3-tier interoperability and security framework with the help of OSGIS is developed and implemented.","PeriodicalId":368300,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Appl. Geospat. Res.","volume":"309 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123089069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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