Technology Architecture and Design最新文献

{"title":"Assembling the Assembler: Reanimating the “Lost” Motion Machine of Wachsmann, Bollinger, and Mendoza","authors":"Elizabeth Andrzejewski, Marcus Shaffer, E. Obonyo","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2022.2040307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2022.2040307","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 1960s, Konrad Wachsmann moved to the University of Southern California to begin the Building Research Institute, a multidisciplinary studio and laboratory dedicated to reimagining building construction through a universal comprehensiveness— one that considered politics, science, social science, economics, and technologies in relation to industrial architecture. While at USC, Wachsmann and his students developed the Location Orientation Manipulator (LOM), an architecture machine “for the control, measurement, and display of the kinematics of (building) design and assembly” (Ward Jr. 1972). This paper examines the LOM as a ‘universal building machine’ designed by architects for industrialized architecture and details a digital reconstruction/reanimation of the LOM using Autodesk Fusion software. The authors speculate there are mechanical qualities related to building automation and specific to architecture within the unarticulated history of the LOM. These characteristics may inform and enhance contemporary architectural technologies.","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"25 1","pages":"90 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91355592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithmic Pathways and the Continuing Narratives of the Twentieth Century","authors":"A. Schultz, Julian Wang","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2022.2040302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2022.2040302","url":null,"abstract":"T A D 6 : 1 “Histories” uncovers the diverse narratives in architecture technology, history, and culture, looking for unexpected inflection points while facilitating innovative modes of historical and contemporary research. Several of the papers included in this issue instrumentalize a close look at the intersection between technology and history ultimately paving the road to contemporary discourse. The authors highlight the aforementioned inflection points, experimenting with innovative research methods, combining archival explorations with speculative digital reconstruction, expanding our knowledge of historic initiatives, designs, and machines. Elizabeth Andrzejewski, Marcus Shaffer, and Ester Obonyo discuss Konrad Wachsmann’s visionary Location Orientation Manipulator (LOM), a device that led the way for automated on-site building assembly in 1969, representing an early version of a robot that marks the beginning of automated processes in construction. In their paper “Assembling the Assembler: Reanimating the ‘Lost’ Motion Machine of Wachsmann, Bollinger, and Mendoza” the authors examine the LOM after completing a digital reconstruction, rearticulating its capacities, and analyzing its parts. The research positions the LOM in a line of inquiry focused on the building process. Andrew Witt and Eunu Kim leverage data science techniques and machine vision tools in their research work “Neural Image Classifiers for Historical Building Elements and Typologies” to scan, analyze, and categorize large imagery datasets of historical architecture based on stylistic and morphological characteristics. Such methods and techniques can transcribe the conventional qualitative interpretation in historical architecture contexts into a new quantitative analysis, facilitating automatic cataloging and classification of historical architecture. Samuel Johnson and Mitesh Dixit’s contribution “Counterfactual Modeling in Historical Reconstruction: El Lissitzky’s Horizontal Skyscraper WB2” explores the work of another visionary work of the twentieth century—El Lissitzky’s Wolkenbügel WB2, engaging in a process of speculative reconstruction of an unbuilt structure thus uncovering conditions not obvious in the existing design documentation. While taking interpretative liberties, the authors’ continuation of Lissitzky’s iterative design process is based on selected evidence, uniting the design process, applied research, and speculative reconstruction. “From Efficiency to Exhaustion: Computer-Aided Architecture at the Madrid Calculation Center (1968–1973)” analyzes the work of an unexplored case study, an institution tasked with the algorithmizing of creativity. Diana Cristobal Olave argues that the reorganization of the design process driven by algorithmic techniques at the Calculation Center at the University of Madrid did not result in efficient procedures, but an exhaustive (and exhausting) abundance and lengthy methodologies. The criticism and recontextualization of th","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"19 1","pages":"44 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83555278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On GANs, NLP and Architecture: Combining Human and Machine Intelligences for the Generation and Evaluation of Meaningful Designs","authors":"Jeffrey Huang, M. Johanes, Frederick Chando Kim, C. Doumpioti, Georg-Christoph Holz","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967060","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) hold considerable promise in architecture, especially in the early, creative stages of design. However, while GANs are capable of producing infinite numbers of new designs based on a given dataset, the architectural relevance and meaningfulness of the results have been questionable. This paper presents an experimental research method to examine how human and artificial intelligences can inform each other to generate new designs that are culturally and architecturally meaningful. The paper contributes to our understanding of GANs in architecture by describing the nuances of different GAN models (SAGAN vs DCGAN) for the generation of new designs, and the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for the conceptual analysis of results.","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"7 1","pages":"207 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90458496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Information Modeling: Machine Learning Strategies for Material Uncertainty","authors":"Vasiliki Fragkia, I. Foged, Anke Pasold","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967057","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a new design framework for the specification and prototyping of geometrically and behaviorally complex materials with graded properties, coined predictive information modeling (PIM). The contribution is the development of new circular design workflows employing machine learning for predicting fabrication files based on performance and design requirements. The aim is linking endogenous capacities as well as exogenous environmental dynamics of graded materials, as an approach to material focused intelligent design systems. Using two experimental case studies, the research demonstrates PIM as an applied design framework for addressing (1) material uncertainty, (2) multi-scale data integration, and (3) cyclical fabrication workflows. Through the analysis of these models, we demonstrate research methods that are validated for design applications, review their implications, and discuss further trajectories.","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"35 1","pages":"163 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87378323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on Five Years of TAD","authors":"Caryn Brause, C. Ford, C. Kraus, Gregory A. Luhan, S. Murray, W. Newman, C. Olsen, J. Ripple, A. Schultz, M. Uihlein, Julian Wang, A. Zarzycki","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"1 1","pages":"119 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91220609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling Intelligence","authors":"Gregory A. Luhan","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967048","url":null,"abstract":"T A D 5 : 2 Intelligence without action is inert. As the solicited contributions to this volume demonstrate, actionable intelligence relies on a common ground from which architecture and allied disciplines can leverage depths and breadths of knowledge to mobilize new technologies. The Op/Positions essays examine preexisting local knowledge in historical places, enhance discovery through systems-based workflows, and foster the transformational shift from invisible smartness to holistic, design trade-offs that produce more humane and cooperative cities. As Jyoti Hosagrahar notes, place-intelligence provides current generations with a scalable and reflective framework that values the past, promotes deeper foundations, and connects resilient community design and well-being to informed decision-making. Similarly, Azam Khan posits a systems-based approach for leveraging existing knowledge to solve increasingly complex problems holistically. The emergent metaheuristic tools expand architectural design ability, enhance discovery, and yield more energy-efficient and less wasteful buildings. Norbert Streitz advocates for resetting priorities at an urban scale and generating principles that simultaneously privilege the individual and the collective. The resulting types of affordances and ethical alignments could balance data harvesting with people’s need for interactive, communicative, and cooperative spaces and places. The Research Methodology contributions critically examine a site’s latent potential and propose challenging new ways for testing and improving the lived condition at all scales. Whether at the intimate scale of one human-robot interaction or applied to industry-level protocols or full-scale testing scenarios, real-world applied research design necessitates collecting and analyzing large data sets. Jim Tørresen examines predictive intelligent system design, comprising ethical sensor data collection, robot interaction, and human-centric artificial intelligence to anticipate and respond to elderly care needs. Integrating artificial intelligence and problem-solving best practices can interactively adapt to a user’s needs and draw upon years of industry-based construction knowledge. Lukas Kirner, Elisa Lublasser, and Sigrid Brell-Cokcan developed enhanced methods for elevating existing construction industry processes through interdisciplinary collaboration, robot-assisted interaction, laboratory experimentation, factoryto-field investigation, and full-scale testing. The jump from laboratory experiments to full-scale prototyping requires the refinement of previous data exchanges and information flows to produce generalizable results. Maintaining quantitative and qualitative data research design, controlled trials, and procedural rigor requires close monitoring and comparison of real-time data collections and digital simulations. In their Details+ contribution, Jonathan Heppner and Thomas Robinson deployed intelligent testing on an innovative post-","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"3 1","pages":"122 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80592721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Smart-Only Cities Towards Humane and Cooperative Hybrid Cities","authors":"Norbert A. Streitz","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"40 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77578651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIM: Enhancing Workflows with Add-Ins","authors":"Karen M. Kensek","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967065","url":null,"abstract":"Peter Kerr is a Director at Atelier Ten. Peter has over 25 years of experience working in building services design, and has practice interests that include circadian lighting, health and wellness in the workplace, assessing the All-Electric Future, and the integration and implementation of smart building technologies. Recently Kerr presented at the #DesignPopUp on the Future of Workplace Design at Digital Week for Learning Places Scotland, and at the Inclusive Learning Environments Show. BIM: Enhancing Workflows with Add-Ins","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"230 1","pages":"244 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72890299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligence: Call for Papers","authors":"Gregory A. Luhan","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967055","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligence resides between sensing and acting. Intelligence, through data-driven technology and virtual experimentation, drives capacity and catalyzes learning, understanding, and applying knowledge through tacit, explicit, haptic, visual, human, and artificial forms. Through this broad understanding, intelligence need not be future-focused. For instance, indigenous science, biomimetics, and the complex intelligence inherent to informal settlements can inform artificial intelligence (AI) through robotic-assisted manufacturing, machine manipulation, and iterative, modification-based approaches in design. While these processes relinquish some agency to machines, they can also establish creative synergy for designers, ultimately enabling more responsive and responsible built environments.","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"30 1","pages":"160 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91293690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Sensor Solutions in Practice: Philips Interact and Siemens Enlighted","authors":"Peter Kerr","doi":"10.1080/24751448.2021.1967062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2021.1967062","url":null,"abstract":"smartphones, and even the light sensors we use within our built environments. While we can use any connected device, there is only one system that is prevalent throughout a building—lighting. The deployment of a smart lighting control solution provides a single overarching system that enables digital touchpoints throughout the building and creates an observer grid. Lighting control companies are developing traditional lighting control presence sensors into combined smart sensors that can collect more data about the space where they are located. Comparing Sensor Solutions in Practice: Philips Interact and Siemens Enlighted","PeriodicalId":36812,"journal":{"name":"Technology Architecture and Design","volume":"28 1","pages":"242 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88495232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}