Manmatha Mahato, Tridib Kumar Sinha, A. Halder, B. Adhikari, J. Mukherjee, D. Ghosh, Nabarun Bhattacharyya
{"title":"Taste sensing with HDTC modified polyvinyl alcohol-polyacrylic acid membrane","authors":"Manmatha Mahato, Tridib Kumar Sinha, A. Halder, B. Adhikari, J. Mukherjee, D. Ghosh, Nabarun Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461782","url":null,"abstract":"There are reports of taste sensor fabrication by incorporating lipids in PVC matrix. We have taken an attempt to prepare taste sensor material by using functionalized polymer. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) have been modified to fabricate the sensor material. The research work covers polymer membrane preparation, morphology study, and structural characterization of membrane and study of the taste sensing characteristics. The membrane was prepared by cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid in aqueous-organic medium by using hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HDTC) with proper heat treatment. The cross-linked PVA-PAA was phosphorylated with POCl3. PVA-PAA membranes of suitable thickness were thus prepared with good threshold sensing value and less swelling in water. FTIR spectroscopic analysis, XRD analysis and optical microscopy were done to get an idea about the structure and morphology of the polymer membrane. Sensor device prepared with this membrane has shown distinct response patterns for different taste substances in terms of membrane potential. The sensor characteristics like temporal stability, response stability, response to different taste substances, and reproducibility of sensing performance were studied. Membranes also showed characteristic response patterns for organic acids like acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, etc., mineral acids like HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3, etc., salt, bitter substance, sweet substance, umami substance and different grades of tea. Sensor device prepared with this membrane has excellent shelf life.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115437328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Range Velocity Blind Zone for airborne MPRF radar in look-down search mode","authors":"V. Agarwal, S. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461758","url":null,"abstract":"Range Velocity Blind Zone as Measure of Performance can be used to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of radar performance under different operating condition. The performances of medium pulse repetition frequency (MPRF) radar operating in air-to-air look-down search mode are strongly influenced by presence of ground clutter. Because of platform motion, clutter returns in airborne radar applications spread in Doppler frequency which cause false alarms generation. Prediction of performance in terms of range velocity blind zone requires model that is capable of reproducing target and clutter characteristics as a function of range and frequency. In this paper we propose a model to quantify the effects of ground clutter, target echo and signal processing chain of radar system on range velocity blind zones. This approach facilitates design tradeoff analysis as well as overall performance prediction of the radar under variety of clutter environment.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123242277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication and investigation of MOS modified Schottky barrier photodetector","authors":"W. F. Mohammed, Munther N. AI-Tikriti, N. Khatib","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461685","url":null,"abstract":"In this research work, many samples of metal-oxide -silicon were laboratory prepared by thermal evaporation techniques. Some silicon samples were left in the air for a predefined time for SiO2 to grow naturally, while others were thermally coated with measured thickness of SiO. A number of the samples were coated with nickel while others with aluminum and one sample was coated with indium. Various tests and measurements were conducted; these include transmittance tests with a range of wave length and for different thicknesses. The ideality factors of the samples and the potential barrier height were calculated from 1-V and C-V characteristics. The photo generated current of the samples were also measured at photoconductive mode under reverse voltage. Quantum efficiency measurement indicated that native oxide samples showed higher quantum efficiency than those thermally deposited samples. Detectivity measurement showed that thermally deposited oxide samples had low detectivity as compared to native oxide samples.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123302502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ammonia gas sensing properties of Cr2O3 activated ZrO2 thick film resistors","authors":"S. Deshmukh, G. Patil, R. H. Bari, G. Jain","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461733","url":null,"abstract":"ZrO<sub>2</sub> thick films were prepared by standard screen printing technique. Pure ZrO<sub>2</sub> films were activated with Cr<sup>3</sup>+ by dipping them into an aqueous solution (0.1 M) of chromium trioxide CrO<sub>3</sub> for different interval of time 5, 10, 20, 30 minutes and fired at 550°C for 30 min. The CrO<sub>3</sub> is known to be unstable above 197°C and transform into Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> upon firing above 197°C. The grain of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> would disperse around the grains of ZrO<sub>2</sub> base material. The films were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAS, UV techniques. The gas sensing performance of different target gases was tested and the chromium activated films dipped in 10 Min. was observed to be sensitive. And highly selective 1000ppm of NH3 gas at operating temperature 300°C. The elemental composition were discussed and effect of Cr<sup>3</sup>+ concentration on sensitivity, selectivity, response and recovery time of the sensor in the presence of different gases were studied. Reaction mechanism were discussed with better performance could attributed to an optimum number of surface misfrits in terms of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on the ZrO<sub>2</sub> films. It was first time observed that crominated surface modified film have reduction in bandwidth and observed activation energy were reported.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129128174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-band (74–86 GHz) Radiometer for sensing Tokamak plasma temperature","authors":"V. Siju, D. Kumar, S. Pathak","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461684","url":null,"abstract":"An E-band heterodyne Radiometer system is designed, fabricated, characterised and calibrated for sensing plasma temperature by measuring Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) spectrum from Aditya and SST-1 Tokamak plasma. The developed Radiometer has IF frequency 1-12 GHz, sensitivity O.2×109V/W with a noise figures of 23.8dB and a noise equivalent temperature of 6eV.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125370291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Sujan, B. Vasuki, G. Uma, D. Ezhilarasi, K. Suresh
{"title":"Thickness sensor for ferromagnetic sheets","authors":"Y. Sujan, B. Vasuki, G. Uma, D. Ezhilarasi, K. Suresh","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461797","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a novel design and development of a resonant sensor to measure thickness of ferromagnetic sheets and their alloys. The sensor is built with cantilever beam as a resonator with electromagnetic excitation and piezoelectric sensing in closed loop electronics. The sensor measures the unknown thickness by measuring the resonance frequency of the resonator. The magnetic force due to the magnetic field interaction between electromagnet and ferromagnetic sheet will make the resonator at resonance. The resonator vibrates at different resonance frequencies depending on the thickness of the ferromagnetic sheet. The shift in resonance frequency for a change in thickness is detected by closed loop electronics. The proposed system is simple and varies linearly with thickness in the given measurement range and the sensitivity is improved by increasing the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128353948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hall Effect sensor based syringe injection rate detector","authors":"B. Mukherjee, B. George, M. Sivaprakasam","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461719","url":null,"abstract":"Rate of injection of anesthesia affects various physiological and pathological changes in a patient such as perception of pain and time taken for onset of akinesia. A training system based on a suitably modified syringe equipped with a simple measurement system where a trainee can observe the rate of injection, prior to practicing on live patients, can be of immense value towards reducing the risks involved. In this paper, we propose a low-cost Hall Effect sensor based measurement scheme for detection of rate of injection from a syringe. The Hall Effect sensor along with a permanent magnet senses the position of the syringe piston relative to the syringe body. A new design of a suitable piston has been discussed that minimizes anesthesia wastage by providing the illusion of anesthesia flow through the needle. A prototype system has been built and tested that validated the new scheme. The rate of injection was measured and displayed in real time. It was within acceptable error limits demonstrating the usefulness of the system for practical training purposes.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127842424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sharma, A. Ghosh, B. Tudu, R. Bandyopadhyay, N. Bhattacharyya
{"title":"Electronic nose with quartz crystal microbalance sensors to discriminate Indian black tea varieties","authors":"P. Sharma, A. Ghosh, B. Tudu, R. Bandyopadhyay, N. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461710","url":null,"abstract":"An electronic nose with an array of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors has been developed to discriminate among different samples of Indian black tea varieties. The important volatile organic components (VOC) responsible for aroma of tea have been considered and the corresponding sensing materials have been identified. Five AT-cut 10MHz Quartz crystal blanks coated with different sensing materials have been used to differentiate the aroma of orthodox and CTC (cut-tearcurl) tea samples. The developed sensors can distinguish not only between the orthodox and CTC tea but distinct clusters are also obtained for the four different tea-samples, as visualized through principal component analysis (PCA). A radial basis function network (RBF) classifier has been used along with 10-fold cross validation technique for classification of data.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121053345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Timber tomography using Time Domain Reflectometry: First results","authors":"I. Platt, A. Hayward, I. Woodhead, M. Hagedorn","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461676","url":null,"abstract":"Non - invasive Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) has previously been developed for determining the moisture content of various materials at a spatial resolution of the same order as the length of the parallel transmission lines. In this paper we give preliminary results of measuring the moisture content at a much higher resolution using a tomographic approach.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126436716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new variable reluctance-Hall Effect based angle sensor","authors":"C. Anoop, B. George","doi":"10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSENST.2012.6461720","url":null,"abstract":"A simple but efficient angle sensor designed and developed by combining variable reluctance technique and Hall-Effect sensing principle is presented in this paper. This new sensor possesses the best features of both the schemes and overcomes the demerits of reluctance type sensors. It proposes the use of a spiral shaped element which rotates in unison with the target whose angular position is to be sensed. The rotating spiral varies the reluctance in the flux path of a Hall Effect sensor as sensing angle changes. The resulting variation in the Hall sensor output is shown to be linear using finite element analysis. The scheme does not require any complex signal conditioning circuitry. A simple electronic scheme for calibrating the proposed sensor output against changes in various electrical, magnetic and mechanical parameters is also presented. A prototype angle sensor assembly based on the proposed principle has been built and tested. The output obtained from the sensor was found to be linear, as expected, across a wide range with a worst-case error less than 1%. The new sensor will be useful for various scientific and industrial angle sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":367665,"journal":{"name":"2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125981014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}