Liver Research最新文献

{"title":"Liver retransplants using living donors: An approach for management","authors":"Hasan Al Harakeh,&nbsp;Christopher Hughes,&nbsp;Amit Tevar,&nbsp;Vikram Gunabushanam,&nbsp;Eishan Ashwat,&nbsp;Hao Liu,&nbsp;Abhinav Humar","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Many centers do not offer living donor transplants for patients in need of a liver retransplant. We aimed to study our liver retransplant outcomes using living donors and compared them with those of retransplants performed using deceased donors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study retrospectively analyzed all retransplants performed at our center between 2009 and 2023, and outcomes of living donor retransplants were compared with deceased donor retransplants using standard statistical tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between January 2009 and March 2023, a total of 77 retransplants, 60 with deceased donors and 17 with living donors, were performed. Important demographic differences between the two groups included a higher model for end-stage liver disease score in the deceased donor group (32.1 ± 6.1 <em>vs</em>. 19.4 ± 5.7, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and a higher number of early retransplants (within 3 months of the initial transplant), which accounted for 35% of deceased donor transplants but 0 of living donor transplants (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Overall, the patient and graft survival rates were comparable between the two groups. The patient survival rates at 1 and 3 years after transplant were 73% and 67% in the deceased donor group and 84% and 73% in the living donor group, respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.57). The hospital length of stay and blood product use were both better in the living donor group. Biliary complications did not show significant different between the two groups (<em>P</em> = 0.33).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Living donors can provide acceptable outcomes for those in need of a retransplant, with results comparable to those seen with deceased donors. A systematic approach to the patient in the pre-, peri-, and post-transplantation period is important in these complicated cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 252-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and risk factors of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Qianhui Li ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem which progresses to liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early prediction of disease changes and intervention are essential to slow disease progression and protect liver function. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with HBV-related LC and HCC at different serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and explore the risk factors of HBV infection progressing to LC/HCC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 379 patients with HBV infection treated in The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen between January 2014 and December 2016 without any antiviral drug therapy were enrolled. Patients were divided into the LC/HCC and non-LC/HCC groups based on clinical diagnosis, which was determined through imaging and expressions of pathological and laboratory test markers, and patients with LC/HCC were further divided into three groups according to the serum ALT levels. Differences in general information, clinical symptoms, and expression levels of serological indices of the above groups were compared and analyzed, logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for LC/HCC development, and the clinical diagnostic efficacy of indicators was judged by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>LC/HCC mainly occurred in the ALT normal and mildly elevated groups, with 70.83% of patients with HCC having an LC background. In the comparison of different ALT level groups, the moderately–severely elevated group had the highest proportion of patients with skin jaundice, abdominal varices, rebound tenderness, higher white blood cell and neutrophil (NEUT) counts; and higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin. The LC/HCC group was older and had significantly higher proportions of male patients, alcohol consumption, and combined hypertension than the non-LC/HCC group (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, combined hypertension, abdominal varicose veins, subcostal palpation, and NEUT count were risk factors for LC/HCC development; and the area under the curve for this model on the ROC analysis was 0.935 (95% confidence interval 0.899–0.972) with specificity and sensitivity of 97.4% and 70.7%, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Advanced age, combined hypertension, abdominal varicose veins, subcostal palpation, and high NEUT count are risk factors for LC/HCC development in patients with untreated HBV infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discordance among aggressiveness characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma: Portal vein thrombosis and multifocality, related to tumor size, but not to serum alpha-fetoprotein level","authors":"Brian I. Carr ,&nbsp;Vito Guerra ,&nbsp;Volkan Ince ,&nbsp;Burak Isik ,&nbsp;Sezai Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by several clinically important prognostic parameters, including portal vein thrombosis (PVT), tumor multifocality, and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, in addition to maximum tumor diameter (MTD). However, associations among these parameters have not been thoroughly examined. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the correlations among these HCC characteristics in a prospectively collected database.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An 8080 HCC patient database derived from our weekly HCC council meeting was examined with respect to the correlations at baseline patient presentation between increases in MTD and changes in the percentage of patients with PVT, multifocality, or AFP levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The percentage of patients with PVT and with multifocality (tumor nodule numbers ≥3) significantly increased with enlarging MTD, regardless of the serum AFP level, showing the independence of PVT and multifocality on AFP. The percentage of patients with multifocality increased with enlarging MTD, in the presence or absence of PVT, showing the independence of multifocality from PVT. Therefore, discordance was found between different tumor parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A statistically significant association was found between PVT and MTD and between multifocality and MTD, all three of which are independent of AFP. PVT and multifocality appeared to be independent of each other. Although PVT and multifocality were independent of AFP, they were also augmented with high serum AFP levels. The results suggest the possibility of multiple pathways of tumor progression in the later stages of HCC development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged existence of SARS-CoV-2 RNAs in the extracellular vesicles of respiratory specimens from patients with negative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction","authors":"P. Debishree Subudhi ,&nbsp;Sheetalnath Rooge ,&nbsp;Chhagan Bihari ,&nbsp;Swati Thangariyal ,&nbsp;Sivang Goswami ,&nbsp;Reshu Agarwal ,&nbsp;Savneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Ekta Gupta ,&nbsp;Sukriti Baweja","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily in the respiratory tract, particularly in patients with underlying comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the virus inside the extracellular vesicles (EVs) in patients with and without chronic liver disease (CLD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighty patients with positive SARS-CoV-2, including twenty-four patients with CLD and fifty-six patients without CLD, and five healthy controls with negative SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled. Nasal swab specimens were tested for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were followed up on days 7 and 14. Nasal swab, collected in viral transport media (VTM), and plasma samples were investigated at each time point. EVs were isolated from the nasal swabs (collected in VTM) and plasma using differential ultracentrifugation and estimated at each time point. The transmission or replication by the EVs was assessed in Vero E6 cells.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In patients with baseline RT-PCR positive, SARS-CoV-2 RNAs inside the EVs were found in 68/80 (85%) patients with higher viral load in the nasal swabs than in the EVs (cycle threshold (Ct) value, 23.4 ± 5.7 <em>vs</em>. 30.3 ± 5.0, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). On follow-up at day 7, of the 32 patients negative for COVID-19, 15 (46.9%) had virus persistence in the EVs (Ct value, 30.7 ± 2.7), and on day 14, of the 56 patients with negative SARS-CoV-2, 16 patients (28.6%) had positive SARS-CoV-2 RNAs in the EVs (Ct value, 31.4 ± 3.0). The mean viral load decreased on days 7 and 14 compared to baseline in the nasal swabs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) but not in the EVs. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 RNAs were undetectable in the plasma, but 12.5% of patients were positive in the plasma EVs. Significantly prolonged and high viral load was found in the EVs on day 14 in COVID-19 patients combined with CLD compared with COVID-19 patients (<em>P</em> = 0.0004). We found significant higher levels of EV-associated with endothelial cells and hepatocytes in the COVID-19 + CLD group than COVID-19 group (<em>P</em> = 0.032 and <em>P</em> = 0.002, respectively), suggesting more endothelial cells and hepatocytes cellular injury in liver disease patients with COVID-19. Interestingly, we also found EVs could transmit SARS-CoV-2 RNAs into Vero E6 cells at 24 h post-infection.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNAs in the EVs in patients with negative RT-PCR indicates the persistence of infection and likely recurrence of the infection. It is suggestive of another route of transmission as EVs harbor SARS-CoV-2 RNAs. EV-associated RNAs may determine the ongoing inflammation and clinical course of subjects with undetectable SARS-CoV-2 virus and this may have relevance to better management of patients with CLD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 228-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 associated liver injury: An updated review on the mechanisms and management of risk groups","authors":"Yue Shi ,&nbsp;Mina Wang ,&nbsp;Liqun Wu ,&nbsp;Xuexin Li ,&nbsp;Zehuan Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with various liver injury cases worldwide. To date, the prevalence, mechanism, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and outcomes of COVID-19-induced liver injury in various at-risk groups are not well defined. Liver injury may arise in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 from direct causes such as viral infection and indirect causes such as systemic inflammation, hypoxic changes, and drugs that exacerbate any pre-existing liver disease. Studies have found that patients with underlying liver disease are at higher risk of COVID-19-induced liver injury. Certain condition of cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases and vulnerable stages in lifespan may also involve in the development of COVID-19-induced liver injury. This review summarized studies of COVID-19-induced liver injury in different at-risk groups regarding their clinical characteristics, parameters, and correlations of the severity with these indicators and signs as well as potential treatment suggestions, to increase attention to physiological and pathological conditions and continue liver function monitoring as they can help in strengthening early supportive treatment and reducing the incidence of adverse outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44789961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-molecule chemical probes for the potential therapeutic targets in alcoholic liver diseases","authors":"Ashish Dogra ,&nbsp;Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a range of conditions resulting from prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption, causing liver damage such as alcoholic fatty liver, inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Alcohol consumption contributes to millions of deaths each year. So far, the effective treatments for ALD are limited. To date, the most effective treatment for ALD is still prevention by avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, and only few specialized medicines are in the market for the treatment of patients suffering from ALD. Small molecules targeting various pathways implicated in ALD pathogenesis can potentially be used for effective therapeutics development. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the latest research findings on potential therapeutic targets, specifically emphasizing small-molecule interventions for the treatment and prevention of ALD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 177-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50202257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing declaration of competing interest statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 272-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal use of red cell volume distribution width-to-platelet ratio to exclude cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B","authors":"Hongsheng Yu ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Mingkai Li ,&nbsp;Zixi Liang ,&nbsp;Abdukyamu Smayi ,&nbsp;Bilan Yang ,&nbsp;Kodjo-Kunale Abassa ,&nbsp;Jianning Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Yidong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health issue worldwide as it may cause serious liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ruling out cirrhosis is important when treating chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis score based on four factors (FIB-4), and red cell volume distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR) in diagnosing liver fibrosis stages and to identify new cut-off values to rule out cirrhosis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Between 2005 and 2020, 2182 eligible individuals who underwent liver biopsy were randomly assigned to derivation and validation cohorts in a 6:4 ratio. A grid search was applied to identify optimal cut-off values with a sensitivity of &gt;90% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of at least 95%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 1309 individuals (175 patients with cirrhosis) were included in the derivation dataset, and 873 (117 patients with cirrhosis) were included in the validation cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of RPR for diagnosing cirrhosis was 0.821, which was comparable to that of APRI (0.818, <em>P</em> = 0.7905) and FIB-4 (0.803, <em>P</em> = 0.2395). When applying an RPR of 0.06, cirrhosis was correctly identified with a sensitivity of 93.1% and an NPV of 97.1%, while it misclassified 12 of 175 (6.9%) patients in the derivation cohort. In the validation cohort, RPR had a sensitivity and NPV of 97.4% and 99.0%, respectively, and only misclassified 3 of 117 (2.6%) patients. Subgroup analysis indicated that the new RPR cut-off value performed more consistently than that of APRI and FIB-4 in all subgroups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A recently established cut-off value for RPR (≤0.06) was validated and was more effective than APRI and FIB-4 in excluding patients with cirrhosis due to a higher sensitivity and NPV and a lower misclassification rate. This simple and dependable test could have significant clinical implications in identifying patients who require monitoring for portal hypertension-associated complications and screening for HCC, particularly in middle and primary healthcare settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48337729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoic acid signaling in fatty liver disease","authors":"Fathima N. Cassim Bawa,&nbsp;Yanqiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Retinoic acid (RA) is a metabolite of vitamin A and is essential for development and growth as well as cellular metabolism. Through genomic and nongenomic actions, RA regulates a variety of physiological functions. Dysregulation of RA signaling is associated with many diseases. Targeting RA signaling has been proven valuable to human health. All-trans<em>-</em>RA (AtRA) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy are the standard treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Both human and animal studies have shown a significant relationship between RA signaling and the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review article, we will first summarize vitamin A metabolism and then focus on the role of RA signaling in NAFLD. AtRA inhibits the development and progression of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation, thermogenesis, etc.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian rhythms and inflammatory diseases of the liver and gut","authors":"Jessica M. Ferrell","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circadian rhythms play a central role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and orchestrating inter-organ crosstalk. Research evidence indicates that disruption to rhythms, which occurs through shift work, chronic sleep disruption, molecular clock polymorphisms, or the consumption of alcohol or high-fat diets, can influence inflammatory status and disrupt timing between the brain and periphery or between the body and the external environment. Within the liver and gut, circadian rhythms direct the timing of glucose and lipid homeostasis, bile acid and xenobiotic metabolism, and nutrient absorption, making these systems particularly susceptible to the effects of disrupted rhythms. In this review, the impacts of circadian disruption will be discussed with emphasis on inflammatory conditions affecting the liver and gut, and the potential for chronotherapy for these conditions will be explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 196-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46272795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}