Liver Research最新文献

{"title":"Protective effects of cyclosporine and its analog NIM-811 in a murine model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury","authors":"Joshua Hefler ,&nbsp;Rena Pawlick ,&nbsp;Braulio A. Marfil-Garza ,&nbsp;Aducio Thiesen ,&nbsp;Nerea Cuesta-Gomez ,&nbsp;Sanaz Hatami ,&nbsp;Darren H. Freed ,&nbsp;Constantine Karvellas ,&nbsp;David L. Bigam ,&nbsp;A.M. James Shapiro","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>The liver is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) during hepatic surgery, when the vessels are compressed to control bleeding, or liver transplantation, when there is an obligate period of ischemia. The hallmark of IRI comprises mitochondrial dysfunction, which generates reactive oxygen species, and cell death through necrosis or apoptosis. Cyclosporine (CsA), which is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that inhibits calcineurin, has the additional effect of inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), thereby, preventing mitochondrial swelling and injury. NIM-811, which is the nonimmunosuppressive analog of CsA, has a similar effect on the mPTP. In this study, we tested the effect of both agents on mitigating warm hepatic IRI in a murine model.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Before ischemic insult, the mice were administered with intraperitoneal normal saline (control); CsA at 2.5, 10, or 25 mg/kg; or NIM-811 at 10 mg/kg. Thereafter, the mice were subjected to partial warm hepatic ischemia by selective pedicle clamping for 60 min, followed by 6 h of recovery after reperfusion. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) was measured, and the liver tissue was examined histologically for the presence of apoptosis and the levels of inflammatory cytokines.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with the control mice, the mice treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg of CsA and NIM-811 had significantly lower ALT levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, 0.007, and 0.031, respectively). Moreover, the liver tissue showed reduced histological injury scores after treatment with CsA at 2.5, 10, and 25 mg/kg and NIM-811 (<em>P</em> = 0.041, &lt;0.001, 0.003, and 0.043, respectively) and significant decrease in apoptosis after treatment with CsA at all doses (<em>P</em> = 0.012, 0.007, and &lt;0.001, respectively). Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogene significantly decreased in the mice treated with the highest dose of CsA (25 mg/kg) than those in the control mice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Premedication with CsA or NIM-811 mitigated hepatic IRI in mice, as evidenced by the decreased ALT and reduced injury on histology. These results have potential implications on mitigating IRI during liver transplantation and resection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542568424000047/pdfft?md5=7881619b3b18ecd5425d82119123b8f5&pid=1-s2.0-S2542568424000047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140085444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The contributions of bacteria metabolites to the development of hepatic encephalopathy.","authors":"Miranda Claire Gilbert, Tahereh Setayesh, Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 20% of mortality during acute liver failure is associated with the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Thus, HE is a complication of acute liver failure with a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities ranging from subclinical alterations to coma. HE is caused by the diversion of portal blood into systemic circulation through portosystemic collateral vessels. Thus, the brain is exposed to intestinal-derived toxic substances. Moreover, the strategies to prevent advancement and improve the prognosis of such a liver-brain disease rely on intestinal microbial modulation. This is supported by the findings that antibiotics such as rifaximin and laxative lactulose can alleviate hepatic cirrhosis and/or prevent HE. Together, the significance of the gut-liver-brain axis in human health warrants attention. This review paper focuses on the roles of bacteria metabolites, mainly ammonia and bile acids (BAs) as well as BA receptors in HE. The literature search conducted for this review included searches for phrases such as BA receptors, BAs, ammonia, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1 or TGR5), sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2), and cirrhosis in conjunction with the phrase hepatic encephalopathy and portosystemic encephalopathy. PubMed, as well as Google Scholar, was the search engines used to find relevant publications.</p>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":" ","pages":"296-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10786625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47665658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence: Predictors and management☆","authors":"Walaa Abdelhamed, M. El‐Kassas","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139304518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary pattern and hepatic lipid metabolism","authors":"Peng Zou, Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic impacts of rifampicin and doxorubicin against thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats","authors":"Zahraa R. Elshahawy, Entsar A. Saad, Rana R. El-Sadda","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"43 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential ultrasound molecular imaging for noninvasive identification and assessment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mouse models","authors":"Tingting Sha, Yujia You, Xiaoyan Miao, Huan Deng, Wei Zhang, Huolin Ye, Ping Wang, Rongqin Zheng, Jie Ren, Tinghui Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139301470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-depth analysis of de novo lipogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Mechanism and pharmacological interventions","authors":"Zhixian Zhu, Xiaoxun Zhang, Qiong-Jing Pan, Liangjun Zhang, Jin Chai","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver retransplants using living donors: An approach for management","authors":"Hasan Al Harakeh,&nbsp;Christopher Hughes,&nbsp;Amit Tevar,&nbsp;Vikram Gunabushanam,&nbsp;Eishan Ashwat,&nbsp;Hao Liu,&nbsp;Abhinav Humar","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livres.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Many centers do not offer living donor transplants for patients in need of a liver retransplant. We aimed to study our liver retransplant outcomes using living donors and compared them with those of retransplants performed using deceased donors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study retrospectively analyzed all retransplants performed at our center between 2009 and 2023, and outcomes of living donor retransplants were compared with deceased donor retransplants using standard statistical tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between January 2009 and March 2023, a total of 77 retransplants, 60 with deceased donors and 17 with living donors, were performed. Important demographic differences between the two groups included a higher model for end-stage liver disease score in the deceased donor group (32.1 ± 6.1 <em>vs</em>. 19.4 ± 5.7, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and a higher number of early retransplants (within 3 months of the initial transplant), which accounted for 35% of deceased donor transplants but 0 of living donor transplants (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Overall, the patient and graft survival rates were comparable between the two groups. The patient survival rates at 1 and 3 years after transplant were 73% and 67% in the deceased donor group and 84% and 73% in the living donor group, respectively (<em>P</em> = 0.57). The hospital length of stay and blood product use were both better in the living donor group. Biliary complications did not show significant different between the two groups (<em>P</em> = 0.33).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Living donors can provide acceptable outcomes for those in need of a retransplant, with results comparable to those seen with deceased donors. A systematic approach to the patient in the pre-, peri-, and post-transplantation period is important in these complicated cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 252-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50203041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and risk factors of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Qianhui Li ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem which progresses to liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early prediction of disease changes and intervention are essential to slow disease progression and protect liver function. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with HBV-related LC and HCC at different serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and explore the risk factors of HBV infection progressing to LC/HCC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 379 patients with HBV infection treated in The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen between January 2014 and December 2016 without any antiviral drug therapy were enrolled. Patients were divided into the LC/HCC and non-LC/HCC groups based on clinical diagnosis, which was determined through imaging and expressions of pathological and laboratory test markers, and patients with LC/HCC were further divided into three groups according to the serum ALT levels. Differences in general information, clinical symptoms, and expression levels of serological indices of the above groups were compared and analyzed, logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for LC/HCC development, and the clinical diagnostic efficacy of indicators was judged by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>LC/HCC mainly occurred in the ALT normal and mildly elevated groups, with 70.83% of patients with HCC having an LC background. In the comparison of different ALT level groups, the moderately–severely elevated group had the highest proportion of patients with skin jaundice, abdominal varices, rebound tenderness, higher white blood cell and neutrophil (NEUT) counts; and higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin. The LC/HCC group was older and had significantly higher proportions of male patients, alcohol consumption, and combined hypertension than the non-LC/HCC group (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, combined hypertension, abdominal varicose veins, subcostal palpation, and NEUT count were risk factors for LC/HCC development; and the area under the curve for this model on the ROC analysis was 0.935 (95% confidence interval 0.899–0.972) with specificity and sensitivity of 97.4% and 70.7%, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Advanced age, combined hypertension, abdominal varicose veins, subcostal palpation, and high NEUT count are risk factors for LC/HCC development in patients with untreated HBV infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47219675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discordance among aggressiveness characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma: Portal vein thrombosis and multifocality, related to tumor size, but not to serum alpha-fetoprotein level","authors":"Brian I. Carr ,&nbsp;Vito Guerra ,&nbsp;Volkan Ince ,&nbsp;Burak Isik ,&nbsp;Sezai Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.livres.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by several clinically important prognostic parameters, including portal vein thrombosis (PVT), tumor multifocality, and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, in addition to maximum tumor diameter (MTD). However, associations among these parameters have not been thoroughly examined. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the correlations among these HCC characteristics in a prospectively collected database.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An 8080 HCC patient database derived from our weekly HCC council meeting was examined with respect to the correlations at baseline patient presentation between increases in MTD and changes in the percentage of patients with PVT, multifocality, or AFP levels.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The percentage of patients with PVT and with multifocality (tumor nodule numbers ≥3) significantly increased with enlarging MTD, regardless of the serum AFP level, showing the independence of PVT and multifocality on AFP. The percentage of patients with multifocality increased with enlarging MTD, in the presence or absence of PVT, showing the independence of multifocality from PVT. Therefore, discordance was found between different tumor parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A statistically significant association was found between PVT and MTD and between multifocality and MTD, all three of which are independent of AFP. PVT and multifocality appeared to be independent of each other. Although PVT and multifocality were independent of AFP, they were also augmented with high serum AFP levels. The results suggest the possibility of multiple pathways of tumor progression in the later stages of HCC development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36741,"journal":{"name":"Liver Research","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}