{"title":"Application of Pigments to Squirrel Legs at Various Stages of the Plastination Process","authors":"R. Lewis, J. A. Huggins, R. A. Wamble, M. Bolyard","doi":"10.56507/unwg9403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/unwg9403","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Biology, Union University, Jackson, TN 38305 USA. ABSTRACT: Plastinated tissues have gained popularity due to their structural integrity and the ease in handling and storing. Specimens can lose natural (or added) color throughout the plastination process, and so one objective of coloration is to restore natural color. A second objective of this study was to measure color change, both objectively and by subjective visualization of coloration. Coloration was investigated using 3 pigments added at 4 defined points during the 5-stage plastination process, using squirrel leg muscle samples. Each of the 12 experimental groups, and an untreated sample, were analyzed by measuring the Euclidean distance and CIE2000 E values. Statistical analysis indicated that none of the coloration treatments restored natural coloration. However, the coloration did show subjective improvement in the contrast among tissues. The results showed that pigment addition prior to acetone dehydration, or prior to silicone impregnation, resulted in the best coloration, and that the use of Rit dye was most effective. Use of this approach was subsequently validated using human arm tissue, which consists of more tissue variety than squirrel legs.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In Memory Of Professor Dr. Andreas Weiglein, Department of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy Medical University of Graz, Austria","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/ygyk1562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/ygyk1562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44552541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silicone Plastination of Brain Slices: Using Sucrose to Reduce Shrinkage","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/idzk2594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/idzk2594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46546170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Paula, M. L. Ramos, F. F. C. Silva, M. L. Santana, M. P. Figueira, L. C. Silva, V. M. D. Silva, L. Bustamante, A. F. D. Silva, E. Cerqueira, K. Dezse, W. P. Frank, C. Baptista
{"title":"Fat Removal during Acetone Dehydration and Defatting Phases of Plastination","authors":"T. Paula, M. L. Ramos, F. F. C. Silva, M. L. Santana, M. P. Figueira, L. C. Silva, V. M. D. Silva, L. Bustamante, A. F. D. Silva, E. Cerqueira, K. Dezse, W. P. Frank, C. Baptista","doi":"10.56507/mbjo3692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/mbjo3692","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Toledo, 3035 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614. ABSTRACT: It is well known among plastinators that acetone is a good degreaser when used at room temperature. In fact, the dehydration process is achieved by using acetone at -25o C, followed by a degreasing process utilizing acetone or dichloromethane at room temperature. The objective of this study was to identify the rate and effectiveness that cold acetone (-25o C) has on fat removal during the dehydration process and to compare it with the defatting phase at room temperature. Samples were soaked in -25o C acetone for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone) and then 20o C for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone). Acetone was changed at 7-day intervals and the “Dirty”/used acetone was collected and total fat content was determined using a rotary evaporator. Over a 42-day period, the samples demonstrated a uniform pattern of decreasing fat extraction during dehydration. However, when degreasing was initiated, a sharp increase of extraction was observed which ended with a steep decline. These findings were supported by mirrored purity readings with an acetonometer. Rate of extraction was greatest during the first seven days of both phases. Dehydration yielded 17.9 % more fat extracted by weight when compared to the defatting phase. This study represents the first report that the dehydration phase may play a more important role in degreasing than the defatting phase itself. Using acetone purity readings with calculated k-values for average rate of extraction data points allows one to quantify and determine a “successful extraction of fat.”","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43518530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment and Operationalization of a Low-Budget Plastination Laboratory in the Veterinary Morphology Section of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais - Brazil","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/rkzu4777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/rkzu4777","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45770430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Golos, Anne-Kristin Lenz, R. M. Tortolero, S. Davis, U. Bauer
{"title":"Pitcher Plant Plastination: Preserving Botanical Specimens For Education And Display","authors":"M. Golos, Anne-Kristin Lenz, R. M. Tortolero, S. Davis, U. Bauer","doi":"10.56507/dzjg5000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/dzjg5000","url":null,"abstract":"2 School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK § These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT: The lifelike preservation of three-dimensional plant material poses particular challenges, and there is still no established method for it. The aim of the present study was to develop a method to preserve the trapping leaf of a carnivorous pitcher plant in its natural shape and coloration for long-term display in a public exhibition. Fresh pitchers were subjected to one of the following preservation methods: freeze-drying, coating in PDMS, and plastination. The resulting specimens were then compared against fresh and air-dried material. Plastination was found to be superior to the other preservation methods in yielding lifelike specimens for display. In particular, plastinates retained their shape better and exhibited no obvious shrinkage. However, the process altered the coloration significantly due to the loss of chlorophyll and mobilisation of anthocyanins (red–blue pigments) during the dehydration and impregnation stages. Exposure of the finished plastinated specimen to bright light also caused it to turn brown over a period of several weeks. Further work is needed to refine the procedures for plastination of botanical material. In particular, a method should be sought for fixing chlorophyll and other plant pigments. These issues notwithstanding, plastination shows promise as a 3D preservation method to supplement herbarium material and educational displays.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42856883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Updated Protocol for the Hoffen P45 Sheet Plastination Technique","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/kdas3395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/kdas3395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42889318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Radio Frequency Identification Tagging of Biological Specimens Prior to Plastination","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/klcc5062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/klcc5062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":"77 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41271155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Okoye, Chukwuemeka, Samuel, Dou Ya-Ru, Sui Hong-jin
{"title":"Tissue shrinkage after P45 plastination","authors":"Okoye, Chukwuemeka, Samuel, Dou Ya-Ru, Sui Hong-jin","doi":"10.56507/dnib6497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/dnib6497","url":null,"abstract":"2Dalian Hoffen BioTechnique Co. Ltd., Dalian . ABSTRACT: Plastination is a method of preserving biological tissues with a curable polymer. Sheet plastination is a method of preparing plastinated tissue slices for education and research. Both epoxy and polyester sheet plastination are currently used. P45 sheet plastination produces an intact, semi-transparent anatomical structure, with well highlighted connective tissue. There is little information in the literature regarding the physical properties of P45 plastinated specimens. Shrinkage during plastination is to be expected. In this study we present data on the shrinkage of the following P45 plastinated tissue slices: eight head and neck sections, five thoracic sections, eight abdominal sections, five pelvic sections, and three arm sections. The standard P45 protocol was followed, and a digital image of the specimens was taken before and after the plastination process. Analysis of the images showed that shrinkage varied between 6.39 (±3.9) % for cerebral cortex, and 19.86 (±1.68) % for lung tissue.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49616669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}