Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Prevalence of Video Games Addiction among Iraqi People in 2022","authors":"Hashim Talib Hashim, Ali Talib Hashim, Asghar Shah, Jaffer Shah, Zoaib Habib Tharwani, Zarmina Islam, Mehr Muhammad Adeel Riaz, Shoaib Ahmad, Mustafa Abd al Latif Abd al Khudair","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230627154627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230627154627","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Video game Addiction Disorder, in addition to other dependency disorders, seem to affect the pleasure center of the brain. The addictive behavior triggers a release of dopamine to promote the pleasurable experience activating the release of this chemical. Over time, more and more of the activity is needed to induce the same pleasurable response, creating a dependency. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted among 2500 participants (more than 18 years) distributed in all the Iraqi provinces including both males and females. The questionnaire contains demographic questions and an internet addiction special validated questionnaire in the Arabic language. Results: The present study, comprising a predominantly male population (82%) showed a mild-moderate level of internet addiction among 93% of its participants (62% mild and 31% moderate), and an average internet usage score of 45. Race, particularly Kurdish, and the need to socialize were statistically significant predictors of video gaming. Twenty percent of participants in our study spent more than 3 hours a day playing video games using more than one device. The majority of these participants played racing (16%), platform (12%), and stealth (9.5%) video games. Conclusion: Everything is Internet-based. Adding an additional layer of confusion and distinction is that another digital technology is taking over the world as well – making access to computers even easier. But these benefits have a lot of consequences on humanity as well and it can cause an addiction especially to video games that are spreading among adolescents and early adults all over the world.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Conflict between Top-down and Bottom-up Impairments in Consciousness Disorder in Schizophrenia","authors":"Hesam Karbakhsh, Aliakbar Kouchakzadeh, Shahriar Gharibzadeh","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230907093951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230907093951","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, is often associated with consciousness disorders, typically characterized by an elevated threshold of conscious perception. Over the years, a multitude of research has been dedicated to uncovering the primary cause of these disorders, leading to the development of several theories. Methods: In this article, two central answers to this problem have been reviewed. For this, the articles that were more related to the topic were selected. Based on the relevance to the subject of research, the main ideas of targeted articles are reordered to be comprehensible for the readers. Finally, the judgment and conclusion of the authors about the discussed problem are presented in this study. Discussion: The first theory, which we will explore in this article, suggests that the root cause of these disorders lies in defects within bottom-up processes. These processes, fundamental to our understanding of the world, involve the progression of sensory information from low-level perception to high-level awareness. In individuals with schizophrenia, these processes are believed to be compromised, leading to a distorted perception of reality. The second theory, in contrast, attributes the cause to impairments in top-down processes. These processes, which refer to the influence of high-level cognitive functions on lower-level sensory perception, are also considered dysfunctional in schizophrenic patients. This dysfunction is thought to disrupt the integration of sensory information, thereby affecting the individual's consciousness. However, a third perspective has emerged, suggesting the coexistence of impairments in both bottom-up and top-down processing. This perspective argues that to fully comprehend the nature of consciousness disorders in schizophrenia, it is crucial to determine the type and severity of both bottom-up and top-down impairments. Conclusion: In this review, we delve into these theories, examining the evidence supporting each and discussing their implications for our understanding of schizophrenia. Considering both bottom-up and top-down impairments, the third perspective offers a more holistic explanation for these disorders. We further argue that this perspective underscores the need for a more nuanced approach to studying schizophrenia. It suggests that future research should not only focus on these processes in isolation but also explore their interaction and the potential synergistic effects of their impairment. By doing so, we can hope to gain a more comprehensive understanding of consciousness disorders in schizophrenia, which could ultimately lead to more effective treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135096564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic, Metalinguistic and Psychiatric Characteristics of Children with Speech Sound Disorder","authors":"M. Amidfar","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230828163404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230828163404","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Comparing the linguistic and metalinguistic profiles in common developmental speech and language disorders is important in advancing our understanding of their clinical symptoms, as well as potentially informing the conceptual basis of novel interventions. The purpose of the present review article is summarizing linguistic, metalinguistic and psychiatric characteristics of children with speech sound disorder (SSD). Clinically and theoretically, it is important that we can understand different error pattern uses among children with SSD only and children with co-occurring SSD and language impairment (LI). Identifying differences in error pattern use will help to discovering the underlying causes of the different types of patterns. In comparison with children with SSD, children with co-occurring SSD and LI use certain patterns more frequently that suggest more global linguistic deficits. The early identification of children who are at risk for development of co-occurring SSD and LI as well as later literacy problems needs to distinguish these patterns. Identification of speech error patterns and their underlying cognitive-linguistic processing deficits will contribute to diagnosis of children at risk of co-occurring SSD and LI and reading problems. Mounting studies have reported that children with SSD, with and without language impairment have differences in phonological processing, literacy skills, and speech production patterns. Children with both speech sound and language disorders are likely to have more severe literacy problems than those with isolated speech sound disorders. In addition, this paper focuses on the comorbidity between psychiatric disorders specially attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and SSD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychopharmacological treatment of depression and anxiety and their different drug delivery targets","authors":"M. Alam, Aditya Sharma, Awaneet Kaur, Shaweta Sharma, Shikha Yadav","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230822140902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230822140902","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000General practitioners observe a high prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Depressed or anxious patients frequently develop both conditions. The symptoms of both diseases may be present at the same time. There has been numerous studies on higher levels of depression, bipolar disorder II, and mixed depression. So, we ended up reviewing different drug delivery targets. Even at low dosages, antidepressants were better absorbed and were more effective when given by the nose. In this review, we focused on cutting-edge methods for intranasal antidepressant delivery vehicles. Consequently, it seems that drugs that are sufficiently effective, have fewer side effects, and are less expensive. The researchers in this meta-analysis set out to determine whether or not they have been used successfully in traditional medicine to treat depression in human or animal studies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41931958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juggle between work, home, and stress; a qualitative analysis using NVIVO-12on working women during the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"S. Agarwal, Rekha Mewarfarosh","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230816091032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230816091032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The world is struggling with the greatest health crisis for the last two and a half years and this has affected everyone''s life especially the working women. This paper is an endeavour to study the stress among working women working in various sectors amid this covid-19 pandemic. Constant juggling in different roles and responsibilities between kids, jobs, and domestic work has escalated the level of stress in their lives.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The condition of working women has worsened by bearing the heap of responsibilities of work, home, children, family, house, etc., which undoubtedly results in stress, frustration, and anger affecting the physical and mental health of women.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The authors have utilized qualitative data analysis techniques to address the issue with the help of computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software NVIVO. For analyzing the qualitative data, NVIVO 12 was used by applying the three tools Word Cloud Analysis, thematic analysis, and sentiments analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000: For conducting the comprehensive study, a questionnaire was designed which consist of 14 questions excluding the demographic information namely Name, Age, Gender, Profession, Experience, etc. Questionnaires were floated to 60 working women under different job profiles. Convenience Sampling was used to collect the data. Out of a sample of 60, 50 women recorded their responses via Google Sheets, and 38 questionnaires were finally used for analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings of the study show that working women are facing continuous challenges and are under stress due to multiple roles, responsibilities, and work demands since the onset of COVID-19. It is supported by Word Cloud Analysis, thematic analysis, and sentiments analysis. This qualitative study is a useful reflective on the challenges faced by working women due to work demand from personal and professional front. Authors have collected the data from women working in different sectors and utilized computer assisted qualitative data analysis techniques NVIVO to address this issue.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Women are considered as nurturing sex and especially in patriarchal societies. The reflective insights of literature and result of this study shows that the society should provide the help hand to relieve the stress of working women by providing them support from their families (husband, parents, kids, and in-laws) and from work domain as well (Boss, colleague, and management). It this high time to create and cultivate an organizational culture that supports women employees to take advantage of working policies without any fear of penalty. Organization may have diversity and inclusion policies in practice, but the \"everyday behavior\" of employers reflects whether they actually believe in diversity or not. Supportive behaviour should initiate from homes by providing shoulders in household chores, caregiving and other domestic responsibilities. By promoting inclusive culture through flexible approach organizations can bring diversity at work place. This","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43402950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Psychological Impact of Working From Home of Employees During COVID 19 Pandemic- a Cross Sectional Study","authors":"S. Dondapati, Iniyan S, Ajay B, Maathanghi R, Kavitha P","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230803103308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230803103308","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000With the sudden onset of COVID 19, many organisations introduced a mandatory relocation of workforce from their workplace to their homes bringing in a work from home policy for their employees. The purpose of the study is to examine the positive and negative impact on quality of life of teleworking, thereby assessing the prevalence of psychological distress of employees working in COVID 19.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A cross sectional study was conducted on Indian - representative survey of self-reported data through an online questionnaire of work from home employees and their responses were analysed using SPSS software.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study findings revealed that out of 2943 total respondents to the questionnaires, 18.9% and 20.2% had agreed and strongly agreed respectively to the statement that, work from home was a chance to break old habits and change routine. The mean positive affect score among those affected with COVID was 20.82 ± 3.71 and for those not affected with COVID was 21.12 ± 3.71.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results indicate age disparities in mental distress, perceived adversities highlighted the discrepancies differed by the area of residence and those affected by the corona virus.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43090901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do personality traits predict mental well-being in the context of erroneous subjective estimation of smartphone screen time?: Findings from a cross-sectional observational study among college students","authors":"Y. Balhara, Swarndeep Singh, Ragul Ganesh, D. Kattula, Bandita Abhijita, Amulya Gupta, Abhinav Gupta","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230801155210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230801155210","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The current article reports on the findings from a cross-sectional survey conducted among college students on a subjectively reported and objectively measured smartphone screen time (ST) and its relation to mental well-being.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We explored the magnitude of discrepancy between subjectively reported and objectively measured smartphone ST. Moreover, we assessed the interaction of mental well-being with personality traits among subjects with a discrepancy between the subjectively reported and objectively measured smartphone ST. The mental health of study participants was assessed using the WHO well-being index. Personality was assessed using the Big Five Inventory (BFI)-10. A total of 202 students shared screenshots of the phone ST function and were included in the analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 145 (71.8%) participants underestimated their daily smartphone ST, whereas 56 (27.7%) of them overestimated ST. In the regression analysis, the predicted odds of poor mental well-being were 1.43 times greater for subjects with higher neuroticism scores in the overall sample. Moreover, the predicted odds of poor mental well-being were 1.593 times greater for subjects with higher neuroticism scores among the study subjects who underestimated their ST.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings of the current study suggested that the magnitude of discrepancy between the subjectively estimated and objectively estimated ST varies across college students, with the discrepancy being significantly higher among those who overestimated their ST. The predicted odds of poor mental well-being were about one and a half times greater for subjects with higher neuroticism scores among college students who underestimated their ST.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49544584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An updated review on possible therapeutic role of Vincamine via 5-HT Receptors in the treatment of Depression","authors":"Mohammad Ahmad, Rizwana Bee, S. Verma, Badruddeen, J. Akhtar, Mohammad Irfan Khan","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230726123452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230726123452","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates neuronal activity and a variety of cognitive functions, and medicines that target serotonin receptors are frequently utilized in psychiatry and neurology. Clinical and preclinical research on the role of serotonin in major depressive disorder is growing. These findings demonstrate the intricacy of serotonin transmission across multiple receptors, in a variety of brain areas, and across the lifespan. The serotonin transporter's significance in major depressive disorder has been highlighted in gene-environment association studies, as well as its participation in the mechanism of the most successful antidepressant medications, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. While most of the 15 known serotonin receptors have been linked to depression or depressive-like behaviour, the serotonin 1A (5-HT) and 1B (5-HT) receptors have received the most attention.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The primary goal of this study is to review the antidepressant effect of herbal medications by modifying serotonin receptors in the future.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Human brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that 5-HT and 5-HT receptors play a role in major depressive disorder and antidepressant treatment response. The availability of tissue-specific and inducible knockout mice lines in rodents has allowed for the detection of 5-HT and 5-HT receptor involvement throughout development and in cell-type specific ways. It may be found that herbal drugs will be effective as the serotonin reuptake inhibitors.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This and other future preclinical pharmacology studies show that these receptors' autoreceptor and heteroreceptor populations play different roles in modulating depression-related behaviour and antidepressant responses, as well as having different functions during early postnatal development versus adulthood. According to analysis of our research findings, alkaloids may have some therapeutic promise as natural antidepressants. Given their widespread distribution in nature, alkaloids might be a cheap way to treat depression.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46500724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Psychopharmacology, Psychoneuroimmunology and\u0000Societal-Based Analyses","authors":"Milagros Rojas","doi":"10.2174/266608221902230223161336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/266608221902230223161336","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42523779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"Ricardo Cassilhas","doi":"10.2174/266608221902230223141629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/266608221902230223141629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}