Arctic Review on Law and Politics最新文献_第9页

Does Indigenous Knowledge Occur in and Influence Impact Assessment Reports? Exploring Consultation Remarks in Three Cases of Mining Projects in Greenland 土著知识是否出现在影响评估报告中?格陵兰三个矿业项目案例探讨咨询意见

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1344

P. E. Egede Dahl, A. M. Hansen

{"title":"Does Indigenous Knowledge Occur in and Influence Impact Assessment Reports? Exploring Consultation Remarks in Three Cases of Mining Projects in Greenland","authors":"P. E. Egede Dahl, A. M. Hansen","doi":"10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1344","url":null,"abstract":"Mineral extraction is pursued in Greenland to strengthen the national economy. In order that new industries promote sustainable development, environmental impact assessments and social impact assessments are legally required and undertaken by companies prior to license approval to inform decision-making. Knowledge systems in Arctic indigenous communities have evolved through adaptive processes over generations, and indigenous knowledge (IK) is considered a great source of information on local environments and related ecosystem services. In Greenland the Inuit are in the majority, and Greenlanders are still considered indigenous. The Inuit Circumpolar Council stresses that utilizing IK is highly relevant in the Greenland context. Impact assessment processes involve stakeholder engagement and public participation, and hence offer arenas for potential knowledge sharing and thereby the utilization of IK. Based on the assumption that IK is a valuable knowledge resource, which can supplement and improve impact assessments in Greenland thus supporting sustainable development, this paper presents an investigation of how IK is utilized in the last stages of an impact assessment process when the final report is subject to a hearing in three recent mining projects in Greenland.","PeriodicalId":36694,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Review on Law and Politics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84644601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Governing the Arctic: The Russian State Commission for Arctic Development and the Forging of a New Domestic Arctic Policy Agenda 管理北极:俄罗斯国家北极发展委员会和制定新的国内北极政策议程

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.23865/arctic.v10.1929

H. Blakkisrud

{"title":"Governing the Arctic: The Russian State Commission for Arctic Development and the Forging of a New Domestic Arctic Policy Agenda","authors":"H. Blakkisrud","doi":"10.23865/arctic.v10.1929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23865/arctic.v10.1929","url":null,"abstract":"After a period of relative neglect in the 1990s and early 2000s, the Arctic is back on the agenda of the Russian authorities. To ensure efficient coordination and implementation of its Arctic strategy, the government in 2015 established a State Commission for Arctic Development. It was to serve as a platform for coordinating the implementation of the government’s ambitious plans for the Arctic, for exchange of information among Arctic actors, and for ironing out interagency and interregional conflicts. Based on a case study of the State Commission for Arctic Development, this article has a twofold goal. First, it explores the current Russian domestic Arctic agenda, mapping key actors and priorities and examining the results achieved so far. Second, it discusses what this case study may tell us the about policy formulation and implementation in Russia today. We find that while the government’s renewed focus on the Arctic Zone has yielded some impressive results, the State Commission has been at best a mixed success. The case study demonstrates how, in the context of authoritarian modernization, the Russian government struggles to come up with effective and efficient institutions for Arctic governance. Moreover, the widespread image of a Russian governance model based on a strictly hierarchic “power vertical” must be modified. Russia’s Arctic policy agenda is characterized by infighting and bureaucratic obstructionism: even when Putin intervenes personally, achieving the desired goals can prove difficult.","PeriodicalId":36694,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Review on Law and Politics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78417551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Indigenous Agency and Normative Change from ‘Below’ in Russia: Izhma-Komi’s Perspective on Governance and Recognition 俄罗斯“自下而上”的本土代理与规范变革:伊兹马-科米的治理与认同视角

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-10-22 DOI: 10.23865/arctic.v10.1798

M. Goloviznina

引用次数: 3

Review of Research Handbook on Climate Change Adaptation Policy 气候变化适应政策研究手册》回顾

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1737

M. Poto

引用次数: 0

Review of Vjatsheslav Zilanov, Mister Russland Arktis? (Россия теряет Арктику?)

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-05-27 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1675

Gunnar Nerdrum

引用次数: 0

Incorporation of Indigenous and Local Knowledge in Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Management 在北冰洋中部渔业管理中纳入土著和地方知识

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-04-23 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1630

V. Schatz

引用次数: 5

The Striking Similarities between Northern Norway and Northern Sweden 挪威北部和瑞典北部惊人的相似之处

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-03-28 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1247

Jonas Stein

引用次数: 9

Caught between Traditional Ways of Life and Economic Development: Interactions between Indigenous Peoples and an Oil Company in Numto Nature Park 夹在传统生活方式和经济发展之间:土著人与努托自然公园一家石油公司的互动

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1207

M. Tysiachniouk, I. Olimpieva

{"title":"Caught between Traditional Ways of Life and Economic Development: Interactions between Indigenous Peoples and an Oil Company in Numto Nature Park","authors":"M. Tysiachniouk, I. Olimpieva","doi":"10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1207","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the conflict between indigenous people living in Numto Nature Park in the Khanty-Mansy region of Russia and the oil company Surgutneftegaz, which is trying to expand to new areas of the Park for industrial development. We analyse this conflict by looking at different perceptions concerning the threats and benefits underpinning the conflicting parties’ arguments. We show that the oil company, whose approach is based on the principles of benefit sharing, seeks to provide economic benefits as well as infrastructure to ensure development in the indigenous community. In contrast, the indigenous people in Numto prioritise environmental safety and the possibility of maintaining their traditional ways of life, which means eliminating the negative impacts of oil development on fisheries, reindeer herding and the general state of the environment.\u0000The study indicates that focusing on indigenous peoples’ and oil companies’ differences concerning perceptions of threats and benefits provides a better understanding of desirable benefit-sharing arrangements between oil companies and indigenous peoples in areas that have so far only been marginally affected by industrialisation and modernisation. This insight suggests that the introduction of community-centred perspectives emphasising cultural and environmental security in benefit-sharing policies in oil companies could improve practices.1\u0000The analysis draws on interviews with members of the indigenous Nenets and Khanty peoples of Numto Park as well as representatives of Surgutneftegaz, NGOs, the regional administration and the Numto Park administration.\u0000Responsible Editor: Noor Johnson, National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado Boulder, USA","PeriodicalId":36694,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Review on Law and Politics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88319532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Climate Change and Climate Responsibility. Our Responsibility 气候变化与气候责任。我们的责任

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-03-06 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1610

Ø. Ravna

引用次数: 0

Implementing the State Duty to Consult in Land and Resource Decisions: Perspectives from Sami Communities and Swedish State Officials 在土地和资源决策中履行国家协商义务:萨米社区和瑞典国家官员的观点

Arctic Review on Law and Politics Pub Date : 2019-01-15 DOI: 10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1323

Rasmus Kløcker Rasmus, Kaisa Raitio

{"title":"Implementing the State Duty to Consult in Land and Resource Decisions: Perspectives from Sami Communities and Swedish State Officials","authors":"Rasmus Kløcker Rasmus, Kaisa Raitio","doi":"10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23865/ARCTIC.V10.1323","url":null,"abstract":"The duty of states to consult indigenous communities is a well-established legal principle, but its implications for practice remain uncertain. Sweden is finding itself at a particularly critical juncture as it prepares to legislate a duty to consult the Sami people in line with its international obligations. This paper explores the ability of Swedish state actors to implement the duty to consult, based on lessons from an already existing duty set out in Swedish minority law, namely to ensure the effective participation of minorities in land and resource decisions. Presenting novel empirical material on the views of Sami communities and state officials in ministries and agencies, we demonstrate the existence of considerable implementation gaps linked to practice, sectoral legislation, and political discourse. We argue that if state duties are to promote the intended intercultural reconciliation, then new measures are needed to ensure enforcement, e.g. via mechanisms of appeal and rules of nullification. In addition, sectoral resource regulations should be amended to refer to the duties set out in minority law and/or a potential new bill on consultation duty in a consistent manner. In the near-term, the state should ensure that Sami communities are adequately resourced to engage in consultation and should invest in state authorities’ own ability to implement, i.e. through competence development, staffing, intersectoral coordination, and independent evaluation. Much could also be gained if state agencies and Sami communities worked together to develop detailed consultation routines for relevant resource sectors.\u0000Responsible Editor: Øyvind Ravna, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway","PeriodicalId":36694,"journal":{"name":"Arctic Review on Law and Politics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74667322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25