Biology Methods and Protocols最新文献_第9页

A modified dual preparatory method for improved isolation of nucleic acids from laser microdissected fresh-frozen human cancer tissue specimens. 一种改进的双重制备方法，用于从激光显微解剖的新鲜冷冻人体癌症组织标本中分离核酸。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-09-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae066

Danielle C Kimble, Tracy J Litzi, Gabrielle Snyder, Victoria Olowu, Sakiyah TaQee, Kelly A Conrads, Jeremy Loffredo, Nicholas W Bateman, Camille Alba, Elizabeth Rice, Craig D Shriver, George L Maxwell, Clifton Dalgard, Thomas P Conrads

{"title":"A modified dual preparatory method for improved isolation of nucleic acids from laser microdissected fresh-frozen human cancer tissue specimens.","authors":"Danielle C Kimble, Tracy J Litzi, Gabrielle Snyder, Victoria Olowu, Sakiyah TaQee, Kelly A Conrads, Jeremy Loffredo, Nicholas W Bateman, Camille Alba, Elizabeth Rice, Craig D Shriver, George L Maxwell, Clifton Dalgard, Thomas P Conrads","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae066","url":null,"abstract":"A central theme in cancer research is to increase our understanding of the cancer tissue microenvironment, which is comprised of a complex and spatially heterogeneous ecosystem of malignant and non-malignant cells, both of which actively contribute to an intervening extracellular matrix. Laser microdissection (LMD) enables histology selective harvest of cellular subpopulations from the tissue microenvironment for their independent molecular investigation, such as by high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing. Although enabling, LMD often requires a labor-intensive investment to harvest enough cells to achieve the necessary DNA and/or RNA input requirements for conventional next-generation sequencing workflows. To increase efficiencies, we sought to use a commonplace dual preparatory (DP) procedure to isolate DNA and RNA from the same LMD harvested tissue samples. While the yield of DNA from the DP protocol was satisfactory, the RNA yield from the LMD harvested tissue samples was significantly poorer compared to a dedicated RNA preparation procedure. We determined that this low yield of RNA was due to incomplete partitioning of RNA in this widely used DP protocol. Here, we describe a modified DP protocol that more equally partitions nucleic acids and results in significantly improved RNA yields from LMD-harvested cells.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and characterization of human T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta clones' library as biological standards and resources for TCR sequencing and engineering. 开发和鉴定人类 T 细胞受体（TCR）α 和β 克隆库，作为 TCR 测序和工程的生物标准和资源。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-09-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae064

Yu-Chun Wei, Mateusz Pospiech, Yiting Meng, Houda Alachkar

{"title":"Development and characterization of human T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta clones' library as biological standards and resources for TCR sequencing and engineering.","authors":"Yu-Chun Wei, Mateusz Pospiech, Yiting Meng, Houda Alachkar","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae064","url":null,"abstract":"Characterization of T-cell receptors (TCRs) repertoire was revolutionized by next-generation sequencing technologies; however, standardization using biological controls to facilitate precision of current alignment and assembly tools remains a challenge. Additionally, availability of TCR libraries for off-the-shelf cloning and engineering TCR-specific T cells is a valuable resource for TCR-based immunotherapies. We established nine human TCR α and β clones that were evaluated using the 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends-like RNA-based TCR sequencing on the Illumina platform. TCR sequences were extracted and aligned using MiXCR, TRUST4, and CATT to validate their sensitivity and specificity and to validate library preparation methods. The correlation between actual and expected TCR ratios within libraries confirmed accuracy of the approach. Our findings established the development of biological standards and library of TCR clones to be leveraged in TCR sequencing and engineering. The remaining human TCR clones' libraries for a more diverse biological control will be generated.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Graph neural networks are promising for phenotypic virtual screening on cancer cell lines. 图神经网络有望用于癌症细胞系的表型虚拟筛选。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-09-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae065

Sachin Vishwakarma, Saiveth Hernandez-Hernandez, Pedro J Ballester

{"title":"Graph neural networks are promising for phenotypic virtual screening on cancer cell lines.","authors":"Sachin Vishwakarma, Saiveth Hernandez-Hernandez, Pedro J Ballester","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae065","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence is increasingly driving early drug design, offering novel approaches to virtual screening. Phenotypic virtual screening (PVS) aims to predict how cancer cell lines respond to different compounds by focusing on observable characteristics rather than specific molecular targets. Some studies have suggested that deep learning may not be the best approach for PVS. However, these studies are limited by the small number of tested molecules as well as not employing suitable performance metrics and dissimilar-molecules splits better mimicking the challenging chemical diversity of real-world screening libraries. Here we prepared 60 datasets, each containing approximately 30 000-50 000 molecules tested for their growth inhibitory activities on one of the NCI-60 cancer cell lines. We conducted multiple performance evaluations of each of the five machine learning algorithms for PVS on these 60 problem instances. To provide even a more comprehensive evaluation, we used two model validation types: the random split and the dissimilar-molecules split. Overall, about 14 440 training runs aczross datasets were carried out per algorithm. The models were primarily evaluated using hit rate, a more suitable metric in VS contexts. The results show that all models are more challenged by test molecules that are substantially different from those in the training data. In both validation types, the D-MPNN algorithm, a graph-based deep neural network, was found to be the most suitable for building predictive models for this PVS problem.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning image analysis for filamentous fungi taxonomic classification: Dealing with small datasets with class imbalance and hierarchical grouping. 用于丝状真菌分类的深度学习图像分析：处理具有类不平衡和分层分组的小型数据集。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae063

Stefan Stiller, Juan F Dueñas, Stefan Hempel, Matthias C Rillig, Masahiro Ryo

{"title":"Deep learning image analysis for filamentous fungi taxonomic classification: Dealing with small datasets with class imbalance and hierarchical grouping.","authors":"Stefan Stiller, Juan F Dueñas, Stefan Hempel, Matthias C Rillig, Masahiro Ryo","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae063","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning applications in taxonomic classification for animals and plants from images have become popular, while those for microorganisms are still lagging behind. Our study investigated the potential of deep learning for the taxonomic classification of hundreds of filamentous fungi from colony images, which is typically a task that requires specialized knowledge. We isolated soil fungi, annotated their taxonomy using standard molecular barcode techniques, and took images of the fungal colonies grown in petri dishes (n = 606). We applied a convolutional neural network with multiple training approaches and model architectures to deal with some common issues in ecological datasets: small amounts of data, class imbalance, and hierarchically structured grouping. Model performance was overall low, mainly due to the relatively small dataset, class imbalance, and the high morphological plasticity exhibited by fungal colonies. However, our approach indicates that morphological features like color, patchiness, and colony extension rate could be used for the recognition of fungal colonies at higher taxonomic ranks (i.e. phylum, class, and order). Model explanation implies that image recognition characters appear at different positions within the colony (e.g. outer or inner hyphae) depending on the taxonomic resolution. Our study suggests the potential of deep learning applications for a better understanding of the taxonomy and ecology of filamentous fungi amenable to axenic culturing. Meanwhile, our study also highlights some technical challenges in deep learning image analysis in ecology, highlighting that the domain of applicability of these methods needs to be carefully considered.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11387011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DLKcat cannot predict meaningful k _cat values for mutants and unfamiliar enzymes. DLKcat 无法预测突变体和陌生酶的 k cat 值。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae061

Alexander Kroll, Martin J Lercher

引用次数: 0

Advanced image generation for cancer using diffusion models. 利用扩散模型生成先进的癌症图像。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae062

Benjamin L Kidder

{"title":"Advanced image generation for cancer using diffusion models.","authors":"Benjamin L Kidder","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae062","url":null,"abstract":"Deep neural networks have significantly advanced the field of medical image analysis, yet their full potential is often limited by relatively small dataset sizes. Generative modeling, particularly through diffusion models, has unlocked remarkable capabilities in synthesizing photorealistic images, thereby broadening the scope of their application in medical imaging. This study specifically investigates the use of diffusion models to generate high-quality brain MRI scans, including those depicting low-grade gliomas, as well as contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) and chest and lung X-ray images. By leveraging the DreamBooth platform, we have successfully trained stable diffusion models utilizing text prompts alongside class and instance images to generate diverse medical images. This approach not only preserves patient anonymity but also substantially mitigates the risk of patient re-identification during data exchange for research purposes. To evaluate the quality of our synthesized images, we used the Fréchet inception distance metric, demonstrating high fidelity between the synthesized and real images. Our application of diffusion models effectively captures oncology-specific attributes across different imaging modalities, establishing a robust framework that integrates artificial intelligence in the generation of oncological medical imagery.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11387006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods in cancer research: Assessing therapy response of spheroid cultures by life cell imaging using a cost-effective live-dead staining protocol. 癌症研究方法：利用具有成本效益的活死细胞染色方案，通过生命细胞成像评估球形培养物的治疗反应。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae060

Jaison Phour, Erik Vassella

{"title":"Methods in cancer research: Assessing therapy response of spheroid cultures by life cell imaging using a cost-effective live-dead staining protocol.","authors":"Jaison Phour, Erik Vassella","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae060","url":null,"abstract":"Spheroid cultures of cancer cell lines or primary cells represent a more clinically relevant model for predicting therapy response compared to two-dimensional cell culture. However, current live-dead staining protocols used for treatment response in spheroid cultures are often expensive, toxic to the cells, or limited in their ability to monitor therapy response over an extended period due to reduced stability. In our study, we have developed a cost-effective method utilizing calcein-AM and Helix NP™ Blue for live-dead staining, enabling the monitoring of therapy response of spheroid cultures for up to 10 days. Additionally, we used ICY BioImage Analysis and Z-stacks projection to calculate viability, which is a more accurate method for assessing treatment response compared to traditional methods on spheroid size. Using the example of glioblastoma cell lines and primary glioblastoma cells, we show that spheroid cultures typically exhibit a green outer layer of viable cells, a turquoise mantle of hypoxic quiescent cells, and a blue core of necrotic cells when visualized using confocal microscopy. Upon treatment of spheroids with the alkylating agent temozolomide, we observed a reduction in the viability of glioblastoma cells after an incubation period of 7 days. This method can also be adapted for monitoring therapy response in different cancer systems, offering a versatile and cost-effective approach for assessing therapy efficacy in three-dimensional culture models.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generating CRISPR-edited clonal lines of cultured Drosophila S2 cells. 从培养的果蝇 S2 细胞中产生 CRISPR 编辑克隆系。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae059

John M Ryniawec, Anastasia Amoiroglou, Gregory C Rogers

{"title":"Generating CRISPR-edited clonal lines of cultured Drosophila S2 cells.","authors":"John M Ryniawec, Anastasia Amoiroglou, Gregory C Rogers","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae059","url":null,"abstract":"CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing is a pervasive research tool due to its relative ease of use. However, some systems are not amenable to generating edited clones due to genomic complexity and/or difficulty in establishing clonal lines. For example, Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells possess a segmental aneuploid genome and are challenging to single-cell select. Here, we describe a streamlined CRISPR/Cas9 methodology for knock-in and knock-out experiments in S2 cells, whereby an antibiotic resistance gene is inserted in-frame with the coding region of a gene-of-interest. By using selectable markers, we have improved the ease and efficiency for the positive selection of null cells using antibiotic selection in feeder layers followed by cell expansion to generate clonal lines. Using this method, we generated the first acentrosomal S2 cell lines by knocking-out centriole genes Polo-like Kinase 4/Plk4 or Ana2 as proof of concept. These strategies for generating gene-edited clonal lines will add to the collection of CRISPR tools available for cultured Drosophila cells by making CRISPR more practical and therefore improving gene function studies.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing age grading techniques for Glossina morsitans morsitans, vectors of African trypanosomiasis, through mid-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning. 通过中红外光谱仪和机器学习，推进非洲锥虫病传播媒介--莫西干蜱（Glossina morsitans morsitans）的年龄分级技术。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-17 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae058

Mauro Pazmiño-Betancourth, Ivan Casas Gómez-Uribarri, Karina Mondragon-Shem, Simon A Babayan, Francesco Baldini, Lee Rafuse Haines

{"title":"Advancing age grading techniques for Glossina morsitans morsitans, vectors of African trypanosomiasis, through mid-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning.","authors":"Mauro Pazmiño-Betancourth, Ivan Casas Gómez-Uribarri, Karina Mondragon-Shem, Simon A Babayan, Francesco Baldini, Lee Rafuse Haines","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae058","url":null,"abstract":"Tsetse are the insects responsible for transmitting African trypanosomes, which cause sleeping sickness in humans and animal trypanosomiasis in wildlife and livestock. Knowing the age of these flies is important when assessing the effectiveness of vector control programs and modelling disease risk. Current methods to assess fly age are, however, labour-intensive, slow, and often inaccurate as skilled personnel are in short supply. Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS), a fast and cost-effective tool to accurately estimate several biological traits of insects, offers a promising alternative. This is achieved by characterising the biochemical composition of the insect cuticle using infrared light coupled with machine-learning (ML) algorithms to estimate the traits of interest. We tested the performance of MIRS in estimating tsetse sex and age for the first-time using spectra obtained from their cuticle. We used 541 insectary-reared Glossina m. morsitans of two different age groups for males (5 and 7 weeks) and three age groups for females (3 days, 5 weeks, and 7 weeks). Spectra were collected from the head, thorax, and abdomen of each sample. ML models differentiated between male and female flies with a 96% accuracy and predicted the age group with 94% and 87% accuracy for males and females, respectively. The key infrared regions important for discriminating sex and age classification were characteristic of lipid and protein content. Our results support the use of MIRS as a rapid and accurate way to identify tsetse sex and age with minimal pre-processing. Further validation using wild-caught tsetse could pave the way for this technique to be implemented as a routine surveillance tool in vector control programmes.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11407438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NanoMGT: Marker gene typing of low complexity mono-species metagenomic samples using noisy long reads. NanoMGT：使用噪声长读数对低复杂度单物种元基因组样本进行标记基因分型。

IF 2.5

Biology Methods and Protocols Pub Date : 2024-08-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae057

Malte B Hallgren, Philip T L C Clausen, Frank M Aarestrup

{"title":"NanoMGT: Marker gene typing of low complexity mono-species metagenomic samples using noisy long reads.","authors":"Malte B Hallgren, Philip T L C Clausen, Frank M Aarestrup","doi":"10.1093/biomethods/bpae057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae057","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid advancements in sequencing technologies have led to significant progress in microbial genomics, yet challenges persist in accurately identifying microbial strain diversity in metagenomic samples, especially when working with noisy long-read data from platforms like Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). In this article, we introduce NanoMGT, a tool designed to enhance marker gene typing in low-complexity mono-species samples, leveraging the unique properties of long reads. NanoMGT excels in its ability to accurately identify mutations amidst high error rates, ensuring the reliable detection of multiple strain-specific marker genes. Our tool implements a novel scoring system that rewards mutations co-occurring across different reads and penalizes densely grouped, likely erroneous variants, thereby achieving a good balance between sensitivity and precision. A comparative evaluation of NanoMGT, using a simulated multi-strain sample of seven bacterial species, demonstrated superior performance relative to existing tools and the advantages of using a threshold-based filtering approach to calling minority variants in ONT's sequencing data. NanoMGT's potential as a post-binning tool in metagenomic pipelines is particularly notable, enabling researchers to more accurately determine specific alleles and understand strain diversity in microbial communities. Our findings have significant implications for clinical diagnostics, environmental microbiology, and the broader field of genomics. The findings offer a reliable and efficient approach to marker gene typing in complex metagenomic samples.","PeriodicalId":36528,"journal":{"name":"Biology Methods and Protocols","volume":"9 1","pages":"bpae057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11387619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0