Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Preservative-free versus preserved latanoprost eye drops for reducing intraocular pressure: a non-inferiority phase III randomized, multi-center, single-blind, parallel-group controlled trial","authors":"P. Theodosiadis, A. Konstas, I. Halkiadakis, Vasiliki Dimera, Dimitrios Koufakis, C. Georgakopoulos, E. Kanonidou, E. Zintzaras, K. Soulele, Antonios Margaritis, Lida Kalantzi","doi":"10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1413","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to test the non-inferiority of preservative-free (PF) latanoprost 50 μg/mL multi-dose ophthalmic solution versus the marketed benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved latanoprost 50 μg/mL ophthalmic solution in patients with open-angle glaucoma and patients with ocular hypertension. \u0000Methods: This was a prospective, national, randomized, multi-center, observer-blind, parallel-group controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomized to receive either PF or BAK-preserved latanoprost once daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in intraocular pressure (IOP) at 8:00 AM in the affected eye between the end of the treatment (week 12) and the baseline (week 0). Secondary measurements were taken at weeks 2 and 6, with IOP being recorded at 8:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 4:00 PM. \u0000Results: A total of 158 patients were included in the per protocol (PP) population (77 in the PF latanoprost treatment arm and 81 patients in the BAK-preserved latanoprost treatment arm). PF latanoprost was non-inferior to BAK-preserved latanoprost in reducing IOP at 8:00 AM in the study eye from the baseline (week 0) to the end of the treatment (week 12). The point estimate of the between-treatment difference was 0.1 mmHg (95% confidence interval: -0.646, 0.847). Mean between-group differences in IOP reduction from the baseline to each of the secondary measurements were also similar between the two treatment arms. The two treatments were well tolerated and had comparable adverse event profiles. \u0000Conclusions: PF latanoprost was non-inferior to BAK-preserved latanoprost in reducing IOP in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Both treatments were well tolerated.","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79164190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-inferiority evaluation of preservative-free latanoprost/timolol eye drops solution versus preserved latanoprost/timolol eye drops in patients with high intraocular pressure and open-angle glaucoma","authors":"P. Theodosiadis, A. Konstas, I. Halkiadakis, Vasiliki Dimera, Dimitrios Koufakis, C. Georgakopoulos, E. Kanonidou, E. Zintzaras, M. Lygeros, K. Soulele, Antonios Margaritis, Lida Kalantzi","doi":"10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1411","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to evaluate the non-inferiority and safety of a newly developed preservative-free (PF) multi-dose latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic solution, compared with the benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved fixed combination, in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.Methods: A Phase III randomized multi-center observer-blind parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. A total of 210 adult patients (aged over 18 years) were randomly treated with the PF- or the BAK-preserved latanoprost/timolol solution once daily in the affected eye(s) for 12 weeks. Follow-up visits were scheduled at weeks 2, 6, and 12; intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded at 8:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 4:00 PM. The primary efficacy endpoint to prove non-inferiority was the IOP change at 8:00 AM (± 1 hour) from the baseline to the end of treatment (week 12) in the studied eye. Safety parameters were also assessed.Results: In total, 196 patients completed the study. The pressure-lowering effect of the PF eye drops was comparable to that of the preserved formulation at all time points. Latanoprost/timolol PF formulation was non-inferior to the BAK-preserved solution as shown by the change in IOP from day 0 to week 12. The point estimate of the inter-treatment difference was 0.624 mmHg (95% CI: -0.094, 1.341). Both treatments were well-tolerated during the study, and they had similar adverse event profiles.Conclusions: PF-latanoprost/timolol combination was found to be non-inferior to the BAK-preserved formulation based on the efficacy at all times, with similar local tolerance.","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84215778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic correlations for 100 most-cited authors in ophthalmic research; a bibliometric study","authors":"Cameron Clarke, E. Smith, David Wilde, Brian Doss, Robert G. Bodily, Michael Singer","doi":"10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1408","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To analyze the academic characteristics, career trajectory, scholarly publications, and demographic background of the 100 most-cited authors in ophthalmic literature. \u0000Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, a database containing every ophthalmology journal article from 1967 to 2018 was built using Scopus journal article information. The 100 authors with the most citations were identified, along with a control group of authors with at least five publications. Information about each author, such as gender, institution, and educational degrees were found from online web searches. Intra- and inter-group analyses were performed to identify correlations that may lead to having a high level of impact in ophthalmology literature. \u0000Results: Of the 100 most-cited ophthalmologists, 56 practice in the United States (US) and only 12 are female. In an odds ratio (OR) analysis, highly-cited researchers more often lived in the US (OR, 2.97; P < 0.001), were male (OR, 2.4; P = 0.02), and graduated from an elite medical school (OR, 3.89; P = 0.02) and/or residency (OR, 3.67; P = 0.02), but were not from an undergraduate institution (P = 0.75). There was no difference in citation numbers between different ophthalmology subspecialties (P = 0.22) or advanced degrees (PhD, MPH in addition to MD). Women among the top-100-cited authors were more likely to author high impact journal articles (P < 0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Among highly-cited ophthalmologists, practicing in the US and attending a top medical school or residency program may provide training for a successful research career in ophthalmology. Additionally, top female ophthalmologists participate in more influential research.","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88677817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of recent developments in retinitis pigmentosa genetics, its clinical features, and natural course","authors":"E. Loukovitis, Stoimeni Anastasia, P. Tranos, M. Balidis, S. Asteriadis, Vakalis Thanos, S. Thanos, G. Anogeianakis","doi":"10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/MEHDIOPHTHAL1410","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), an inherited degenerative ocular disease, is considered the most common type of retinal dystrophy. Abnormalities of the photoreceptors, particularly the rods, and of the retinal pigment epithelium, characterizes this disease. The abnormalities progress from the midperiphery to the central retina. We here reviewed the developments in RP genetics in the last decade, along with its clinical features and natural course. \u0000Methods: The present review focused on articles in English language published between January 2008 and February 2020, and deposited in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. We searched for articles reporting on the clinical manifestations and genes related to both syndromic and non-syndromic RP. We screened and analyzed 139 articles, published in the last decade, referring to RP pathogenesis and identified, summarized, and highlighted the most significant genes implicated in either syndromic or non-syndromic RP pathogenesis, causing different clinical manifestations. \u0000Results: Recent literature revealed that approximately 80 genes are implicated in non-syndromic RP, and 30 genes in syndromic forms, such as Usher syndrome and Bardet‒Biedl syndrome (BBS). Moreover, it is estimated that 27 genes are implicated in autosomal dominant RP (adRP), 55 genes in autosomal recessive RP (arRP), and 6 genes in X-linked RP (xlRP), causing different RP phenotypes. Characteristically, RHO is the most prevalent adRP- and arRP-causing gene, and RPGR the most common xlRP-causing gene. Other important genes are PRPH2, RP1, CRX, RPE65, ABCA4, CRB1, and USH2Α. However, different phenotypes can also be caused by mutations in the same gene. \u0000Conclusions: The genetic heterogeneity of RP necessitates further study to map the exact mutations that cause more severe forms of RP, and to develop and use appropriate genetic or other effective therapies in future.","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84478013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: a tertiary referral center study.","authors":"Mona Nassief,&nbsp;Omar Kh M Alduwailah,&nbsp;Nancy M Lotfy","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To report the prevalence of acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis (EPS) in a tertiary referral center in Kuwait, and to study the associated risk factors, etiologies, and management outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective interventional hospital-based study was performed at the Farwaniya governmental hospital in Kuwait between November 2018 and November 2019. All patients were referred to the oculoplastic clinic with symptomatic epiphora, age > 18 years, epiphora Munk score ≥ 0, tear film meniscus ≥ 2 mm, and punctum with grade ≤ 2 (smaller than normal size, but recognizable) were included. Eclusion criteria were congenital causes of epiphora, previous eyelid surgeries, and traumatic or neoplastic causes of punctal or canalicular obstruction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 418 patients with symptomatic epiphora, who were referred to our oculoplastic clinic, were enrolled in our study. The prevalence of EPS was 70.3%. Eamination of the puncta revealed different shapes, including tangential, pinpoint, elevated, slit-shaped, horse shoe-shaped, and membranous puncta, with the tangential type accounting for the greatest proportion (65.3%). Bilateral punctal stenosis was observed in 206 patients (70.1%) and unilateral involvement in 88 patients (29.9%). Dilatation and syringing were performed for all puncta upon diagnosis, and repeated dilatation was performed for 225 puncta (32.7%). Placement of a Mini-Monoka tube was performed in 11 puncta (1.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EPS was a common cause of symptomatic epiphora in our study. Aging and female sex were identified as common risk factors. Most etiological factors of EPS were associated with a pathophysiological inflammatory mechanism. For exact estimates of its prevalence, a population-based study is necessary in future.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a7/5a/mehdiophth-10-018.PMC10460214.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10484875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior segment manifestations and imaging features post-COVID-19.","authors":"Srinivasan Sanjay,&nbsp;Sameeksha Agrawal,&nbsp;Chaitra Jayadev,&nbsp;Ankush Kawali,&nbsp;Poornachandra B Gowda,&nbsp;Rohit Shetty,&nbsp;Padmamalini Mahendradas","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To report the posterior segment (uvea and retinal) manifestations and imaging characteristics of eyes of patients with and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database to identify relevant articles using the following search terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, retina, uvea, optic nerve, retinal findings, posterior segment manifestations, and endophthalmitis. Articles published from December 1, 2019, to May 30, 2021, and indexed in PubMed/ MEDLINE were screened.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the purpose of this review, we included clinical features of 26 case reports and 8 case series. The posterior segment manifestations reported included cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, central serous retinopathy, papillophlebitis, optic neuritis, panuveitis, multifocal retinitis, necrotizing retinitis, central retinal artery/vein occlusion, and Purtschner like retinopathy. In this review, we have also included optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features that have been described in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 patients can experience uveo-retinal manifestations even after recovery. These patients, even if asymptomatic for eye symptoms, should undergo an eye evaluation to rule out posterior segment involvement. OCTA performed in these patients revealed microvascular changes in the superficial and deep retinal plexuses. Some of these patients may require anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 3","pages":"95-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/a2/mehdiophth-10-095.PMC10460223.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between ocular biometric parameters and corneal endothelium in a sample of young Egyptian adults.","authors":"Mohamed N Hamza,&nbsp;Maged Maher Roshdy,&nbsp;Mouamen M Seleet,&nbsp;Tamer M El Raggal","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the normative values of corneal endothelial cell parameters within a group of healthy young Egyptian adults using specular microscopy and to examine any correlations between endothelial parameters and refractive or biometric parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, specular microscopy was used to study the right eyes of 150 healthy young volunteers and evaluated endothelial cell parameters, including cellular density, hexagonality (HEX), and coefficient of variation (CV) at 15 different points on the back corneal surface, which were later grouped into the central zone and either four quadrants or three annular zones. The same eyes underwent refractive and biometric assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hundred fifty healthy adults were examined, and the age ranged from 20 to 30 years, with a median of 23 (interquartile range, 21‒27) years. The mean (standard deviation) of central cell density was 2902.7 (270.7) cells/mm². The superior paracentral area had the lowest mean density (2895.8 cells/mm²), but the highest mean HEX (67.7%), while the inferior peripheral area had the highest mean density (3100.5 cells/ mm²) but the lowest mean HEX (64%). The difference in cell density among the three annular zones was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.365). However, HEX and CV in the central and paracentral zones differed statistically significantly from those of the peripheral zone (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and <i>P</i> = 0.014, respectively). Weak but non-significant correlations were detected between endothelial cell density and all measured refractive and biometric parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study provided useful normative biometric and specular data in a specific age group and a specific population, and could be useful in planning intraocular surgery in young Egyptian adults. However, future longitudinal studies with a larger sample could refine more endothelial cell parameter specifications over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 3","pages":"121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bb/e5/mehdiophth-10-121.PMC10460222.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10166632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional optical zone after wavefront-optimized versus wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis.","authors":"Mariam A Elshawarby,&nbsp;Ali Saad,&nbsp;Thanaa Helmy,&nbsp;Mouamen M Seleet,&nbsp;Tamer Elraggal","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many studies have used functional optical zone (FOZ) as a measure to compare different refractive laser treatment modalities. However, to our knowledge, no study has compared wavefront- optimized (WFO) and wavefront-guided (WFG) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using FOZ. We compared the FOZ after WFO versus WFG LASIK in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective comparative study, we included 100 myopic eyes of 50 patients with or without astigmatism. They were divided into two groups according to the platform used: WFO or WFG femtosecond LASIK. Using Holladay's equivalent keratometry reading (EKR) report of Pentacam HR, FOZ was defined as a zone centered on the pupil center with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.5 D, around the mean EKR. The differences in FOZ between the two platforms were analyzed at 3 months postoperatively. Visual acuity, refractive error, corneal asphericity (Q-value), and root mean square of higher-order aberrations (RMS for HOAs) were evaluated and compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) of patient age was 26.64 (5.67) years. The preoperative characteristics of the two groups were comparable (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). The intended optical zone (IOZ) was 6 mm in both groups. The mean laser ablation depth was significantly greater in the WFG group (18 µm per D) than in the WFO group (16 µm per D) (<i>P</i> = 0.035). At 3 months postoperatively, the mean (SD) of FOZ diameter was 4.32 (0.94) mm (71.99% [15.68%] of intended optical zone) in the WFO group and 4.16 (1.13) mm (69.33% [18.78%] of intended optical zone) in the WFG group, with no significant difference between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.622). The change in corneal asphericity was greater in the WFG group than in the WFO group (<i>P</i> = 0.034). Postoperative mean corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, and RMS for HOAs showed no significant difference between the two groups (all <i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that WFG LASIK resulted in greater ablation depth and change in corneal asphericity than WFO LASIK at 3 months postoperatively. However, there was no significant difference in FOZ diameter, refractive error, and RMS for HOAs between the two groups. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 3","pages":"129-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/e3/mehdiophth-10-129.PMC10460224.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy.","authors":"Nancy M Lotfy,&nbsp;Tariq Alasbali,&nbsp;Abdulrahman M Alsharif,&nbsp;Saeed M Al-Gehedan,&nbsp;Sabah Jastaneiah,&nbsp;Ashraf Al-Hazaimeh,&nbsp;Hiba Ali,&nbsp;Rajiv Khandekar","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At completion of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (t-PRK) surgery, the eye is usually fitted with a bandage contact lens to reduce discomfort and promote epithelial healing. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of eyes fitted with lotrafilcon B versus comfilcon A, silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses after t-PRK for the correction of low to moderate myopia, with or without astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this comparative, prospective study, patients with myopia < -6 D with or without astigmatism (< 1.75 D), who underwent t-PRK between January and June 2018, were randomly allocated to the lotrafilcon B and comfilcon A groups. Preoperative characteristics, including age, sex, eye treated, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity, mesopic pupil size, central corneal thickness, and refractive error were recorded. Postoperatively, pain score, UCVA, and corneal epithelial defect size on days 1, 4, and 7 were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine eyes were included in each group. Demographic characteristics and preoperative measurements were similar between the two groups. UCVA was significantly improved on day 7 as compared to day 1 in the comfilcon A group (<i>P</i> = 0.03), but remained the same in the lotrafilcon B group (<i>P</i> = 0.70) as on day 1 postoperatively. There was no significant difference in UCVA between the two groups at any follow-up visits (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). The pain score on the first postoperative day was significantly higher in the lotrafilcon B-fitted eyes than in the comfilcon A group (<i>P</i> < 0.001), but was significantly reduced in both groups compared to day 1 (both <i>P</i> < 0.001). The epithelial defect in the comfilcon A group was significantly greater than in the lotrafilcon B group (<i>P</i> < 0.001) at day 1 postoperatively, with significant improvement in both groups (both <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Healing responses were better with lotrafilcon B than with comfilcon A bandage contact lenses. The patients had a greater mean pain score with lotrafilcon B than with comfilcon A lenses on the first postoperative day, yet the final outcome was comparable between the two groups. We did not encounter any postoperative complications related to contact lens wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 2","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f4/2a/mehdiophth-10-043.PMC10460231.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10110931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cataract prevalence following a nationwide policy to shorten wait time for cataract surgery.","authors":"Ge Yang,&nbsp;Sherif El-Defrawy,&nbsp;Graham E Trope,&nbsp;Yvonne M Buys,&nbsp;Sophia Y Liu,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Jin","doi":"10.51329/mehdiophthal1426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdiophthal1426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cataract is an age-related eye disease. Visual impairment from cataract can be restored by cataract surgery. In 2004 the Canadian federal government invested in a multibillion dollar wait time strategy to shorten the wait time for cataract surgery, a government-insured health service in all Canadian jurisdictions. We assessed if this nationwide policy reduced the number of Canadians waiting for cataract surgery as more individuals with cataract were free of cataract following the rapidly conducted surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study we analyzed data from randomly selected individuals aged ≥ 45 years responding to the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) in 2000/2001, 2003, 2005, and the CCHS Healthy Aging in 2008/2009. Information on cataract was obtained from self-reported questionnaire. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of cataract was calculated for comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cataract was reported by 0.93 million Canadians in 2000/2001, 0.99 million in 2003, 1.10 million in 2005, and 1.34 million in 2008/2009. This corresponds to an age- and sex-standardized prevalence of 8.9% in 2000/2001, 9.0% in 2003, 9.5% in 2005, and 10.2% (<i>P</i> <0.05) in 2008/2009. The increase in age- and sex-standardized prevalence was greater in individuals without secondary school graduation than those with secondary school graduation or higher (4.3% versus 1.3%, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and was seen in all Canadian provinces. The largest increase was documented in a province (Saskatchewan, from 9.8% in 2000/2001 to 12.6% in 2008/2009, <i>P</i> < 0.05) with the longest median wait times for cataract surgery (118 days in 2008) and the lowest number of ophthalmologists per 100 000 population (1.96 versus 3.35 national average).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of cataract increased 4‒5 years after the multibil- lion-dollar wait time strategy was launched in 2004. A lower threshold to diagnose cataract may be one potential reason for this finding. Further research is needed to understand the true reasons for the increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":36524,"journal":{"name":"Medical Hypothesis, Discovery, and Innovation in Ophthalmology","volume":"10 2","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/1e/mehdiophth-10-086.PMC10460230.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10110932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}