Journal of Applied Hematology最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of sickle cell hemoglobin in high-performance liquid chromatography received in a centralized laboratory","authors":"Hareem Alam, N. Ali","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_59_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_59_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease and its variants result from an abnormal hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HbS), caused by a single point mutation in the Beta-Globin gene. Hypoxia causes polymerization and distortion of Hb S containing red blood cells resulting in sickle crisis and hemolytic anemia. Common diagnostic methods include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The purpose of this research is to determine the frequency of sickle cell hemoglobin in HPLC samples and its geographical distribution in Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was collected from the samples received from 1st February 2020 to 31st January 2021. Proforma included demography, complete blood count parameters, and variants of sickle cell disease which were extracted from hospital records. Analysis was done using the SPSS (version 26). RESULTS: Out of 14,740 samples, 295 (2%) revealed HbS. These patients had a mean age of 14.2 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The samples were received from Baluchistan (43%), followed by Sindh (32.1%), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (16%), and Punjab (8.9%). Mean hemoglobin was 8.6 ± 2.6 g/dl, lowest and highest were 2.4 g/dl and 16.9 g/dl, respectively. Sickle cell trait was found in 21.3% of the patients, homozygous HbSS in 27.7%, sickle beta thalassemia in 30.8%, 4.4% were compound heterozygotes for Hb S and Hb D, whereas 15.5% were posttransfusion samples. CONCLUSION: Our analysis showed that the highest frequency was of sickle beta thalassemia and other variants being low. This study also proved it to be more prevalent in Baluchistan with relatively high male preponderance.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"208 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41419296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of systematic reviews/meta-analyses in coronavirus disease 2019 and venous thromboembolism: An analysis using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews-2","authors":"Sultan Alkhamesi, Abdullah T. Almohammadi, Hatem M Alahwal, A. Barefah, Salem Bahashwan, O. Radhwi","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_34_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have been published regarding the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, which is acknowledged as high. Therefore, we aimed to assess the methodological quality of any SR/MA involving VTE and COVID-19. METHODS: This is a meta-epidemiological study evaluating the methodological quality of SR/MA. A structured search in PubMed and Web of Science was done for all SRs/MAs in VTE and COVID-19 from inception till April 29, 2021. We evaluated the methodological quality using A Measurement Tool to Assess SRs-2 (AMSTAR-2) checklist. RESULTS: We included 29 SRs/MAs where only one SR/MA was rated as high (3.44%), 12 (41.37%) were rated as moderate, and the rest were rated as low/critically low (55.17%). No statistical significance was observed in Spearman's correlation analysis between the rate of methodological quality and the number of authors, searching period, publication month, and publishing journal's impact factor. CONCLUSIONS: The number of published SRs/MAs in the VTE and COVID-19 subject is rising rapidly. The readers should pay attention to the low methodological quality of most published SRs/MAs.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"222 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48631585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison between Eight Formulas for the Estimation of Plasma Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in the Saudi Arabian Population","authors":"Z. Awan, Dena Nuwaylati","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_48_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_48_22","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the classical target in cardiovascular (CV) disease management and is usually estimated by Friedewald's formula. However, this formula may over- or underestimate LDL-C levels. AIMS: Our aim is to compare eight LDL-C-estimating formulas to the direct LDL-C measurement and validate their use in the Saudi population. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a retrospective study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A blood sample of fasting 669 Saudi subjects was tested for lipid profiles in King Abdulaziz University Hospital Laboratory, from which directly measured LDL-C was obtained. LDL-C was then estimated from eight different formulas: Friedewald's, Cordova's, Hata's, Puavilai's, Chen's, Ahmadi's, Hattori's, and Vujovic's, which were all compared to direct LDL-C. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Mean and standard deviation, paired t-test, and Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean differences between the direct LDL-C and Hattori and Chen's LDL-C were 0.03 and 0.08 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.001, while the mean difference observed with Hata, Friedewald, Puavilai, and Vujovic's formulas were higher in comparison: 0.15, 0.24, 0.29, and 0.33 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001. Ahmadi and Cordova's LDL-C were estimated to be 0.60 and 0.64 mmol/L more than direct LDL-C levels, respectively, which showed the highest discordance with direct LDL-C, P < 0.001. At a triglyceride (TG) level of <4.5 mmol/L, Hattori also had the best agreement with direct LDL-C, with a mean difference of 0.04 mmol/L, and with TG >4.5 mmol/L, their mean difference was 0.21 mmol/L. All estimated LDL-C strongly correlated with direct LDL-C, except for Ahmadi's. CONCLUSIONS: Hattori's LDL-C had the best agreement with the direct LDL-C, and across all TG levels. However, we recommend directly measuring LDL-C in those with high CV risk.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"213 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48203462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of BCL11A, HMIP, and XmnI polymorphisms among anemic pregnant women in hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia","authors":"Yousef Abu Za'ror, Siti Nor Assyuhada Mat Ghani, N. Bakar, Z. Zulkafli, M. Azlan","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_22_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Anemia is one of the most common conditions in women during pregnancy. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels are usually <1.0%. There are several genetic loci that have a significant influence on HbF levels. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to determine the association of HbF level and DNA polymorphism at BCL11A rs1186868, HMIP rs9376090, and XmnI rs7482144 in anemic pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 164 anemic pregnant women at Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the HbF and HbA2 levels. RESULTS: Multiplex amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gap-PCR were performed for 44 samples with a high HbA2 level (>3.2%) and normal HbA2 level (≤3.2%) to detect mutation at b-globin gene cluster. Allelic discrimination for rs1186868, rs9376090, and rs7482144 was performed using the real-time PCR technique for samples with no mutation detected. The mean age of patients was 31 ± 5.9 years. The HbF and Hb levels showed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.61). Out of 22 samples, 15 mutations at the b-globin gene and no mutation at the δβ-globin gene were detected. The mean difference of HbF level of patients with and without b-globin gene cluster was 1.07 ± 0.6 and 1.79 ± 3.5, respectively. The minor allele frequency (MAF) for the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms as follows: rs1186868 (MAF = 0%), rs9376090 (MAF = 19%), and rs7482144 (MAF = 32.8%). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the baseline HbF levels were unaltered by BCL11A, HMIP, and XmnI genetic polymorphisms.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"183 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44955213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of interleukin-6 polymorphism in acute graft-versus-host disease risk prediction in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","authors":"Afshan Noor, F. Akhtar, S. Khan, M. Khan, Zaineb Akram, G. Shamshad, H. Satti, Q. Chaudhry, Fozia Fatima","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_157_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_157_21","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene with the survival and disease status of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a prospective cohort study of total 102 participants, 51 patients along with their donors who had human leukocyte antigen-identical-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). Their pretransplant and posttransplant blood samples were collected for extraction of DNA for genotyping by sequence-specific primers polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis followed by sequencing. The pre- and posttransplant levels of IL-6 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. RESULTS: The mean age of our patients was 19.83 ± 12.5 years having males 65 (63.7%) and females 37 (36.3%). The frequency of −174G/C SNP among acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) group was GG = 53.8%, GC = 34.6%, and CC = 11.5%, and for −597G/A SNP, it was GG = 69.2%, GA = 15.4%, and AA = 15.4%. Our results showed that the presence of G allele in both homozygous and heterozygous forms was associated with increased aGVHD incidence, while the homozygous CC and AA mutant genotypes correlated with the lowest number of cases of aGVHD. The polymorphism −597G/A was significantly associated with the incidence of aGVHD with P = 0.04. The GG genotype in −174G/C and −597G/A was found to be significantly associated with aGVHD with P < 0.0001. High serum levels of IL-6 pre- and posttransplant were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of aGVHD with P < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the two SNPs − 174G/C and − 597G/A in the promoter region of IL-6 gene present either in donors or recipients predisposed to increase the risk of development of aGVHD following aHSCT. Their evaluation in our transplant setting may help in the risk stratification of transplant recipients early in time and predict the onset of aGVHD and mortality.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"255 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Von willebrand factor level and activity in correlation with D-dimer level among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Rehab Y. AL-Ansari, Fatimah S Al-Yami, L. Al-Jamea, Leena Osman Abdalla, Abdulrahman Halawi, A. Alshehri, N. Zakary, A. Jebakumar, A. Woodman","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_2_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_2_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Thrombosis and acute respiratory failure are among the leading causes of mortality in COVID-19 patients. The von Willebrand factor (VWF) is one of the main components in the blood coagulation system. It has been hypothesized that the increased VWF level results from vascular damage because VWF is stored in endothelial cells. Infection of endothelial cells with SARS-CoV-2 can stimulate the release of VWF. This study aimed to determine the level of VWF activity among the Saudi population affected by COVID-19 and investigate the correlation between VWF level and D-dimer level. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an analytical, retrospective, observational study conducted in a single-center tertiary hospital at King Fahad Military Medical Complex (KFMMC). A study sample of 80 hospitalized patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed by nasopharyngeal SARS-COV was randomly included in this study. Frozen blood samples were used to measure VWF antigen (Ag) level and activity for all patients. Historical data on hemostasis markers such as platelets (PLTS), fibrinogen, and D-dimer were obtained retrospectively, as well as demographic and clinical data. RESULTS: Data of 80 patients were analyzed to assess VWF Ag level and activity in correlation to D-dimer level. The mean age of the patients was 58.3 (standard deviation 16.18), with nearly two-thirds being females (62.6%). The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (67.5%), diabetes (56.3%), and dyslipidemia (22.5%). Only 10% of patients were obese. The mean values of were 3.25 for D-dimer, 3.55 for fibrinogen, 226.4 for PLTS, 9.88 for white blood cell, 237.04 for VWF Ag, 253.21 for VWF activity, and 70.45 for C-reactive protein. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that the correlation between D-dimer and VWF Ag and D-dimer and VWF activity was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Only six patients had overt thrombosis, but this has no significant correlation with VWF Ag, activity, D-dimer, or platelet count. VWF Ag and activity were higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than non-ICU patients. However, it is not significant statistically. VWF Ag and activity were significantly higher in deceased patients than in survivors. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that there was no significant correlation between VWF Ag and activity with D-dimer among Saudi patients with confirmed COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"228 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46721483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the integration of lymphocyte/monocyte ratio and international prognostic score effective in predicting prognosis for hodgkin's lymphoma in the modern era? A prospective cohort study","authors":"H. Khalil, Firas Hussein, S. Samra","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_60_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_60_22","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Determining the prognosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) is crucial to avoid overtreatment and undertreatment, both of which have dangerous effects on the patient's health. This justifies the many studies to find prognostic factors, which in turn contribute to making the appropriate therapeutic decision. International Prognostic Score (IPS) and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) are the most common prognostic indicator in HL, but they have some limitations in their application at some stages of the disease. The aim of this research was to study the efficiency of combining IPS and LMR to predict prognosis at both stages of the disease (early and advanced). METHODS: This study included 84 newly classical HL patients treated by ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) with radiotherapy. RESULTS: IPS showed a poor ability to predict 18-month progression-free survival (PFS) in both early-stage disease (P = 0.162) and advanced-stage disease (P = 0.191); LMR showed high performance in predicting 18-month PFS in early-stage patients treated with ABVD (HR = 5.456, confidence interval [CI] =1.04–28.715, P = 0.045). The combination of IPS and LMR was able to predict 18-month PFS in both early- and advanced-stage disease (HR = 12.21, CI = 1.24–120.1, P = 0.032) (HR = 2.84, CI = 1.04–5.04, P = 0.041), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of IPS and LMR defines two important risk groups: the high-risk group (IPS ≥3 and LMR <2.9) and the low-risk group (IPS <3 and LMR ≥2.9); it can therefore be used to predict prognosis and adapt treatment to suit each patient's condition.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"201 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44095003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood and blood products to support allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant recipients at king abdulaziz medical city-Riyadh – Transfusion medicine services","authors":"A. Al Harbi, A. Al-Anazi, Faisal Al Saqri, Haya Wasel","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_115_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_115_21","url":null,"abstract":"Hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (HPCT) is found throughout the body. HPCT is a set of undifferentiated cells that are capable of indefinite self-renewal and generation of a functional progeny of highly specialized cells. Allogeneic HPCT presents a distinct set of challenges for blood banks and transfusion services. When considering transfusion for an HPCT recipient, one has to take into account not only the complexities associated with the patient's underlying condition, but also potential problems associated with recipient alloantibodies, donor passenger lymphocytes, and the conversion of blood group substance after successful allogeneic HPCT. For an allogeneic HPCT recipient, it is vital that the blood transfusion service keep a detailed record of the donor and recipient's that include donor blood group and antibody screening results and recipient's pre- and posttransplant blood group and antibody screening results. The management of nonidentical and incompatible HPCT requires a unique strategies when major, minor, and bidirectional differences exist which have the potentiality to improve patient outcomes and allow for effective management of the blood and blood products inventory.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"172 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49003083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplastic transformation of plasma cell myeloma","authors":"Laila Alsuhaibani, T. Owaidah","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_64_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_64_21","url":null,"abstract":"Rare cases of plasma cell myeloma with morphological variants have been reported. Here we report a case of a plasma cell myeloma with a very unusual presentation diagnosed based on flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetic studies.","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"277 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42217825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green crystals of death in chronic myelogenous leukemia","authors":"M. Khedmati, S. Mozaffari","doi":"10.4103/joah.joah_1_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_1_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36501,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Hematology","volume":"13 1","pages":"291 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}