International Journal of Academic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of undergraduate dental students' academic performance using structured and unstructured oral examinations","authors":"N. Lakshminarayan, G. Usha","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_147_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_147_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Assessment plays a central role in formal education. Unstructured oral examinations are the status quo in dental education in India but have some drawbacks, including a lack of inter-rater reliability. It is not known whether structured oral examinations provide different scores nor how they will be accepted by students or examiners. Materials and Methods: A sample of 20 students were randomly selected from a group of third-year BDS students who had scored 65% and above in the 2nd year university examination in Bapuji Dental College and Hospital. They were exposed to a total of 4 h of lecture and problem-solving sessions on dental ethics. Four raters (teaching faculty), having similar academic experience and designation, were selected and they were trained to conduct structured oral examinations according to a format, especially designed for the same purpose. Half the students underwent structured examination followed by unstructured examination while half the students underwent unstructured examination followed by structured examination. Paired t-test was applied to find out the statistical difference between structured and unstructured oral examination formats. Results: The students obtained a mean score of 13.35 ± 3.8 out of a total score of 20 in the unstructured oral examination when compared to a mean score of 14 ± 3.76 in the structured oral examination. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.69). The acceptance trended favorable for structure examination but was not statistically significant. The structured examination had higher inter-rater reliability than the unstructured examination. Conclusion: The results showed good reliability and repeatability of the structured oral examination format with an inter-rater reliability of 0.82. Structured viva voce was not found to improve the performance of students when compared to unstructured viva voce. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Patient care and procedural skills, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge, Interpersonal and communication skills, and Professionalism.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"131 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45516268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 by chip-based real-time polymerase chain reaction test (truenat™ beta CoV) in multi-sample pools","authors":"Venkata Polu, N. Kota, Deepthi Karumanchi, S. Basireddy, Sandhya Munagapati, Shivakumar Mugudalabetta, Venkata Ganta, U. Allam","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_14_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_14_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Systematic testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) using molecular diagnostic tools to identify individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and tracing their primary and secondary contacts is important to curb its spread. With resource limitations on testing individual samples, testing of pooled samples provides alternative approach to increase testing capacity. Present aimed at assessing the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in pooled samples using chip-based real-time polymerase chain reaction Test (Truenat™ Beta CoV). Materials and Methods: Pooled sample size of five was used from laboratory confirmed COVID-19 positive and negative samples. SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal specimens of known samples from high, medium, low, and very low viral load were mixed with SARS-CoV-2 negative nasopharyngeal specimens of known samples in 1:4 ratio, followed by analysis using Truenat. Furthermore, each sample in that pool was tested individually. Pooled sample testing was also done on the samples of unknown status. Results: The results of the present study showed cycle threshold (Ct) values of pooled sample with SARS-CoV-2 positive RNA of high, medium, low, and very low viral load were 16.8, 24.22, 28.2, and 33.43, compared to Ct values of individual samples of 16.43, 22.0, 28.00, and 33.00, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ct values of pooled samples were in agreement with Ct values of individual samples indicating the validity of pooled sample testing for screening SARS-CoV-2 using Truenat. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care and procedural skills systems-based practice, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"123 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47429773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's new in academic international medicine? Monkeypox: The next pandemic?","authors":"Gabrielle Fonteneaux","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_86_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_86_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"117 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45125680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The level of knowledge about rheumatic diseases in Saudi Arabia: A community-based survey","authors":"F. Alenzi, H. Al-Sheikh, Manal Alnasser, Maha Adwani, Raghad Aldhuwayhi, Eatedal Algenaim, Maha Abowadaan","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_121_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_121_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Joint inflammation, which causes pain and swelling, is common in rheumatic diseases. In Saudi Arabia, large multicenter studies on the prevalence of rheumatic diseases and the common beliefs about these diseases are lacking. Our study aimed to investigate the false beliefs about rheumatic diseases in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from December 2019 to January 2020, to assess the understanding and misconceptions of rheumatic disorders in the study population. The statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test and the Chi-squared test, and binary logistic regression was employed for dichotomous variables. Results: Five hundred and eleven respondents were recruited in the study, with a mean age of 26.9 years; 76.9% of respondents were female. 89.4% of the respondents were Saudi nationals; 75.2%, 20.3%, and 4.5% of respondents had bachelor's, prebachelor's, and master's degrees, respectively. The most frequently reported rheumatic disease was rheumatoid arthritis (66%), followed by myositis (13.3%). Most of the respondents (77%) in this study were aware of rheumatic diseases. Conclusion: Most of the respondents were aware of rheumatic diseases. However, a more exhaustive multicentric survey with a wider population-based survey is needed to provide substantial data and help rheumatologists overcome patients' misconceptions and improve outcomes. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Systems-based practice, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"145 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41347867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative hearing loss after nonotological surgeries – What is the role of anesthesia?","authors":"S. Sasidharan, Vijay Singh, A. Nasser, H. Dhillon, M. Babitha","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_29_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_29_21","url":null,"abstract":"Transient, low-frequency hearing loss after anesthesia, especially due to neuraxial block, usually goes unnoticed by patients, and thus they do not report to a physician. However, the chances of anesthesia-induced perioperative hearing loss (POHL) to occur are generally underestimated. The true incidence of POHL regardless of anesthetic technique is unknown due to lack of reporting and subclinical presentation, which often goes unnoticed unless pure-tone audiometry is performed. However, the anesthesiologist should be aware of hearing loss as a potential perioperative complication and should be discussed with the patients in the perioperative period and should preferably be included in the informed consent for medicolegal and ethical reasons. The cognizance of POHL should be disseminated to the treating team by educating anesthesiologists, surgeons, and healthcare personnel about its possible occurrence. A better understanding of the incidence, etiology, prognosis, and management for POHL is essential for the anesthesiologist to prevent or to minimize the risk of hearing loss. In this review article, we emphasize the abovementioned aspects. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Patient care and procedural skills, Medical knowledge.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"74 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43678307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of performance of undergraduate medical students trained in conventional and integrated curriculums","authors":"Seyyedha Abbas, Naushaba Sadiq, Tabassum Zehra, I. Ullah, H. Adeeb","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_112_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_112_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Foundation University Medical College is one of the few institutions in Pakistan that have developed an Integrated Modular Teaching Program. This mode of teaching is a novel addition to our conventional system and needs evaluation.The objective of this study was to compare the overall cumulative results of undergraduates from (Group A/2015) conventional (old) with (Group B/2016) integrated (new curriculum) final professional examinations and to correlate the overall cumulative results of final professional examinations with their admission test results. Materials And Methods: We compared the final professional examination results of Group A and Group B undergraduates. Both the groups had identical final examinations in terms of pattern, subjects, examiners, and duration. In addition, a measure of central tendency and standard deviation was calculated and made comparisons between entry and final professional examination results. Finally, the t-test was used to compare the theoretical and practical scores. In addition, it established the reliability and validity of the results. Results: The overall performance of undergraduates who trained on integrated curriculum (97.0%) was better than that of undergraduates who had trained on conventional curriculum (85.2%). Comparison between the various components of the professional examinations using the ANOVA test also revealed that the same group of undergraduates performed better with P < 0.05, which is 0.002, which showed significant results. Cronbach's alpha for overall performance was 0.957, whereas for the theoretical and practical examinations, it was 0.792 and 0.897, respectively. Conclusion: The results revealed that the undergraduates who had trained on integrated curriculum had improved performance in the final professional examinations both in theory and practical. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical Knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice, and Interpersonal and communication skills.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"109 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49339434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proportion of hand and knee osteoarthritis and its associated risk factors among an urban diabetic population","authors":"B. Pathak, S. Rahini, Rukman Manapurath","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_115_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_115_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is found to be a leading cause of disability in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to find the proportion of knee OA and hand OA and its risk determinants among people with DM. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 258 diabetic subjects attending the general outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital over 4 months. A predesigned case record form was used to collect details on sociodemographic profiles and various factors related to OA. The American College of Rheumatology criteria were used for the diagnosis of both knee and hand OA. Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 16. Chi-square/Fisher's exact test was used wherever applicable to find the association of various factors with OA. Results: The overall proportion of OA in diabetic subjects was 48.4%. The proportion of only hand OA was 25.2%, only knee OA was 14.3%, and both hand OA and knee OA were 8.9%. Age, female sex, duration of DM, irregularity in taking diabetic medications, hypertension, menopause, and body mass index were found to be significantly associated with both hand and knee OA. Physical inactivity and previous joint injury were found to be associated with knee OA. An inverse association with alcohol consumption was found. On logistic regression, we found irregularity in taking diabetic medication to be a significant risk factor for hand and knee OA. The duration of DM and taking alternate medications for DM were also found to be significant risk factors for hand OA. Prior knee injury is a significant risk factor for knee OA. Conclusion: There exists an association between OA and DM, and this suggests the need for early diagnosis, good disease management, and medication adherence and to implement preventive strategies so as to prevent further disabilities and improve quality of life. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Patient care and procedural skills, Medical knowledge, Systems-based practice, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"102 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43596094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and attitude of antibiotic resistance in the time of COVID-19 among patients attending a dental hospital in Bhubaneswar city","authors":"G. Kumar, D. Singh, S. Hazarika, Diplina Barman, Payal Dash, P. Swain","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_93_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_93_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The present study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude among the patients attending a dental hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among the general population from July 2020 to September 2020. It included 205 patients attending the outpatient department of Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar. A self-structured 17 item questionnaire regarding antibiotic resistance was used to assess the knowledge and attitude of the patients. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The present study comprised 47.3% males and 52.7% females. Comparison of the knowledge and attitude domain scores was made across the educational levels of the participants and a significant difference was observed in the attitude domain scores. Conclusion: The present study stresses on the dire need for educating the general public about the rational use of antibiotics, thereby reducing further abuse leading to a global problem. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Systems-based practice, Practice-based learning and improvement.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"80 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44770813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, perception, and acceptance of coronavirus vaccines by health-care workers approved for restricted emergency use in India: A web-based cross-sectional study","authors":"A. Srivastava, R. Bala, R. Bhaskar","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_85_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_85_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Health-care workers (HCWs) have been designated as the highest priority group to receive the coronavirus (CoV) vaccine. The study aimed to assess the awareness and perception about the CoV vaccine and the factors associated with the acceptance or rejection of vaccines among HCWs in India. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method was conducted between January 5 and January 14, 2021, just before the initiation of CoV vaccination among HCWs in India. Questions to assess awareness and perception were developed based on the information available on the public health websites. HCWs' willingness to accept the vaccines was also studied along with the factors associated with acceptance or rejection of CoV vaccination. Results: The study received responses from 496 HCWs. Awareness about the CoV vaccine was low, with a mean score of 5.44 (standard deviation = 2.91). Willingness to accept CoV vaccination was found in 63.51% of HCWs with the main reason to protect their family and colleagues (43.73%). The majority of HCWs agreed with the emergency authorization of CoV vaccines (65.93%) and agreed that vaccines will break the chain of transmission of infection (65.73%). Perception of vaccine effectiveness (odds ratio [OR] = 8.52, P = 0.000) and higher awareness (OR = 2.86, P = 0.000) were significantly associated with willingness to accept CoV vaccination. Conclusion: HCWs have the responsibility to disseminate correct information and risks about vaccinations among the public. Health authorities should continue encouraging the increase of the knowledge and awareness of the utility of vaccines among HCWs. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Professionalism, Patient care and procedural skills, and Systems-based practice.","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"86 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46255948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's new in academic international medicine? The perils of neglecting diseases","authors":"Brandon N. Mercado-Saavedra, E. Ribas, Kelly Detoy","doi":"10.4103/ijam.ijam_47_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijam.ijam_47_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36495,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Academic Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"71 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47696283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}