Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health最新文献

{"title":"Structural Equation Model for Nursing’s Spiritual Commitment, Religious Adaptation, and Their Relationship to Quality of Life and Burnout","authors":"Ikrou Ali, Khadija Guejdad, Dinesh Bhugra, Antonio Ventriglio, Abouqal Redouane, Jihane Belayachi","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-139573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-139573","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Religious adaptation and spiritual commitment are considered common strategies in order to deal with traumatic conditions. It has been argued that spiritual commitment has an impact on burnout levels, and both directly influence the quality of life. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate relationships between spiritual commitment and religious adaptation, different dimensions of burnout, and quality of life in a sample of health professionals. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. A model, including pathways between spiritual commitment, religious adaptation dimensions, and quality of life with variables of burnout as mediators, has been developed. This data survey was conducted on 556 nurses and midwives from emergency, intensive care and resuscitation, and psychiatry units, in addition to maternity departments, in four different university hospitals and 12 regional hospital centers in Morocco. Measures regarding religious adaptation and spiritual commitment, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and quality of life variables were used to test the present study’s model employing structural equation modeling techniques. Data collection was performed from March 2018 to February 2019. Results: The goodness of fit statistics confirmed an improved model with burnout dimensions as mediators between spiritual commitment, religious adaptation, and quality of life dimensions. Conclusions: The above-mentioned findings suggest that health professionals using strategies in order to reduce burnout might report better mental and physical health. Direct relationships were observed between dimensions of burnout with adaptation strategies and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"26 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID Effects on Level of Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in the Post-Infection Period: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sanaz Shanbezadeh, Nasibeh Zanjari, Zahra Ebrahimabadi, Reihaneh Askary kachoosangy, Hoda Niknam, Fahime Basikhaste","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-139874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-139874","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Long COVID is a major manifestation of long-lasting symptoms experienced by the survivors of the coronavirus infection that may influence patients’ physical and mental health. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association of the physical symptoms of COVID-19 (fatigue, breathlessness, and pain) and the level of physical activity with the physical and mental health of survivors in the post-COVID-19 period. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 152 hospitalized and non-hospitalized adults infected with COVID-19 aged between 18 and 65 years at the post-infection period with follow-up times greater than 6 months. Standardized instruments, such as the SF12, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), and visual analog scale (VAS), were used for measuring pre-and post-COVID-19 painful symptoms, fatigue, and breathlessness. The severity of the coronavirus infection was judged based on hospitalization or ICU admission. Data were analyzed with linear regression analysis. Results: The results showed that, at a mean duration of 6 months post-discharge, only fatigue was associated with lower physical (F = 2.84, explained variance = 15.3%) and mental health (F = 1.88, explained variance = 10.6%) Conclusions: Considering the negative impact of fatigue on the physical and mental health of patients during the post-COVID period, it is suggested to monitor and manage fatigue for a longer period post-COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"12 26","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Structural Model of Reading Comprehension for Third, Fourth, and Fifth-Grade Students in Persian Language Schools of Tehran Based on the Perfetti Theoretical Framework","authors":"Shahla Raghibdoust, Haleh Malekmohammadi","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-139929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-139929","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Reading comprehension is a complex skill rooted in language, and significant research has concentrated on identifying metalinguistic abilities that can predict children's comprehension skills. Morphological awareness is one such skill. Within the theoretical framework of reading comprehension, Perfetti, Landi, and Oakhill (2005) proposed that morphology serves a dual function in the text. In the first capacity, morphology is regarded as an integral part of the vocabulary system, indirectly enhancing text comprehension by aiding in the reading of intricate words. In the second capacity, morphology is viewed as a component of the linguistic system, directly impacting reading comprehension by influencing general comprehension processes. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the interconnection among vocabulary proficiency, morphological awareness, and reading comprehension in elementary school students in the Persian language, utilizing the theoretical framework proposed by Perfetti and Landi in their reading comprehension model. Additionally, it sought to construct a structural model of reading comprehension tailored to third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade students in Persian, drawing inspiration from the model introduced by Levesque et al. (2017). Methods: This research adopted a quantitative approach and was carried out using a cross-sectional methodology in Tehran in 2023. The population consisted of 180 students aged between 9 and 11 years. Data collection encompassed a questionnaire that gathered personal information from the students, along with their scores on assessments related to vocabulary knowledge, morphological awareness (comprising production and decomposition subtests), and reading comprehension tests. Results: Among the Persian-speaking students across all three grades, a significant positive correlation was identified between vocabulary knowledge and morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension, and morphological awareness and reading comprehension (P < 0.01). Conclusions: This study revealed that morphological awareness has varying effects on reading skills among Persian-speaking students. In the third grade, it notably influences fluent reading, while in the fourth and fifth grades, it plays a significant role in enhancing text comprehension. As a result, it is imperative to incorporate instruction on morphological awareness, encompassing both decomposition and production aspects, into Persian language textbooks, with particular emphasis on grades 3 through 6.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"301 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persian Handwriting Assessment Tool: Reliability in Students with Specific Learning Disorders","authors":"Mahsa Kheirollahzadeh, Mehdi Alizadeh Zarei, Seyed Hassan Saneii, Akram Azad","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-139317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-139317","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Handwriting is one of the most common reasons for referral to occupational therapy among children with specific learning disorders (SLDs). The Persian handwriting assessment tool (PHAT) is a valid assessment instrument. It is important to clarify the reliability of this assessment tool for the accuracy of results and certain clinical uses in Iranian children with SLDs. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the internal consistency, test-retest, and inter-rater reliability of the PHAT in children with SLDs aged 10 to 12 years in the Iranian context. Methods: Thirty children (mean ± SD 132.33 ± 53.8 months) with SLDs, studying in grades 4 to 6, were recruited from special education schools and rehabilitation clinics from January to May 2022. Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to determine internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability, respectively. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) were computed to establish absolute reliability. Results: Internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.98 to 0.99), as was inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.95 to 1.00). Test-retest reliability was good to excellent (0.86 to 1.00). The SEM and MDC values for test-retest reliability were 0 to 0.47 and 0 to 1.29, respectively. Finally, the SEM (0 - 0.21) and MDC (0 - 0.57) values were acceptable for inter-rater reliability. Conclusions: The PHAT is a reliable assessment tool for Iranian children with SLDs aged 10 to 12 years. Further, clinicians can utilize this tool to identify handwriting difficulties in children with SLDs aged 10 to 12 years, which leads to more targeted interventions.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"33 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of DIR/Floor Time Play Therapy in Social Skills and Emotion Regulation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Farideh Barghi, Sahar Safarzadeh, Fatemeh Sadat Marashian, Saeed Bakhtiarpour","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-138491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-138491","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families need to use rehabilitation services to improve their functions in social interactions and communication skills. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of DIR/floor time play therapy in the social skills and emotion regulation of children with ASD. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pretest/posttest design. The statistical population included all the autistic children visiting Golhay-e Behesht Autism Center in Qom, Qom Province, Iran. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 30 participants, who were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group received the DIR/floor time play therapy intervention for 23 twenty-minute sessions. The research instrument included Bellini’s Social Skills Profile Questionnaire and Emotion Regulation Checklist. Descriptive statistics and the repeated measures ANOVA were adopted for data analysis in SPSS 22. Results: According to the results, the DIR/floor time play therapy method improved emotion regulation components (i.e., instability/negativity and emotion regulation) and the indices of social skills (i.e., social interaction, social participation, and detrimental behavior). The results lasted until the follow-up step (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The DIR/floor time play therapy method caused positive changes to emotion regulation and social skills in autistic children. Therefore, it can be an effective intervention in children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"114 S1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Intra-Rater Reliability of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)-Induced Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) Within and Between Sessions: A Step Towards Ensuring Accuracy of Observed MEP Changes in Repeated Measures Studies conducted by Newly Trained TMS Operators","authors":"Abubakar Tijjani Salihu, Keith D Hill, Maryam Zoghi, Shapour Jaberzadeh","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-138723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-138723","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An essential factor in the validity of motor evoked potential (MEP)s recorded by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over multiple times is their test-retest reliability which to a large extent depends on the accuracy and competence of the assessor (intra-rater reliability). However, intra-rater reliability is infrequently reported in TMS studies suggesting that this is rarely done. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the intra-rater within and between-session reliability of a newly trained TMS assessor prior to a main TMS study and report on the methodology used to encourage similar practice. Methods: Fourteen (10 males, 4 females; mean age: 32 ± 5.8 years) participants took part in the study. Motor evoked potentials were elicited from a relaxed, right first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle three times (T1, T2 and T3) across two testing sessions at least 48 hours apart. During the first session, MEPs were recorded twice (T1 and T2) within an interval of 20 minutes to determine the within (intra) session reliability of the assessor. During the second session, a single measurement was carried out (T3) which was compared to T1 to determine the inter-session reliability. Results: Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not reveal significant difference in the amplitude of the MEPs obtained across the three time periods (P = 0.196) demonstrating agreement in the MEPs and hence the reliability of the assessor. Additionally, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between T1 and T2; and T1 and T3 were 0.952 (P < 0.001) and 0.833 (P = 0.001) respectively further indicating the within and between sessions reliability of the assessor. Conclusions: The agreement between the three measured MEPs amplitude and the significant ICC demonstrates the reliability of the assessor in this study to use TMS for research. We suggest that the intra-rater reliability of new TMS operators should be established using the methodology in this report prior to main TMS studies.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Pivotal Response Treatment Training for Mothers on the Communication Skills of Children with Non-verbal Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Farzaneh Abdi, Hossein Rezai, Neda Tahmasebi, Maryam Dastoorpoor","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-127597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-127597","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parents of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) regularly seek the support of professionals when the child is diagnosed with ASD. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of pivotal response treatment (PRT) training for mothers in improving the communication skills of ASD children. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT), 52 mothers of children with ASD were selected and randomly allocated into two groups in 2017 - 2018. The mothers of the intervention group received PRT training, and the children of the intervention and control groups received the applied behavior analysis (ABA) treatment. The children's speech/language/communication and socialization scores were measured by the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) before, 1 week after, and 1 month after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, the mean score of speech/language/communication and socialization did not significantly differ between the two groups. However, 1 week and 1 month after the intervention, the mean scores of speech/language/communication and socialization were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.5). Conclusions: The results showed that parental training in PRT can provide permanent and effective therapy for children with ASD in the home environment.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an Educational Package on Quality of Life and Acute Complications in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Clinical Trial","authors":"Pegah Matourypour, Nasrin Daliri, Shahrzad Ghiyasvandian, Masoumeh Zakerimoghadam","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-129235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-129235","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with chronic renal failure face many challenges in self-care after a kidney transplant. This treatment method affects their quality of life and leads to multiple complications. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational package on the quality of life (QoL) and complications of renal transplant recipients. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 72 patients (control and intervention groups) who had undergone kidney transplantation for the first time. The intervention involved an educational package comprised of five sessions. Besides, an educational booklet, weekly telephone calls, and follow-up (8 weeks after the intervention) were protablevided. The data were collected by the Kidney Transplant Questionnaire (KTQ-25) completed before and after the intervention by the two groups, and the Renal Transplantation Complications Checklist completed after 8 weeks. Data analysis was performed in each group before and after the intervention and between the two groups after the intervention via chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the physical dimension (P = 0.002). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in the remaining dimensions and the overall QoL. A significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of infection (P = 0.04), but no difference was observed between the two groups in terms of re-admission and transplant rejection (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: The educational package affected all dimensions of QoL, especially the physical dimension and infection (as an acute complication of renal transplant); it improved QoL and reduced infection in the intervention group. Therefore, this package can be considered in the management plans of renal transplant recipients. Administration of this package can help understand the patients’ needs and requests and improve their health-related behaviors.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of High-intensity Laser Therapy for Pain and Function in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Parisa Taheri, Razieh Maghroori, Mozhgan Aghaei","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-134330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-134330","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High-intensity laser therapy (HILT) is still a controversial physical therapy modality for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of HILT on pain and function in patients with knee OA. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 56 patients with knee OA referred to Amin Hospital affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, from April 19 to August 30, 2022. Patients were randomized into two groups (HILT and control), receiving isometric exercises targeting the quadriceps muscle, meloxicam 15 mg tablet, and Rahamin ointment for two weeks. The HILT group also received high-intensity laser irradiation three times a week for two weeks. The primary outcome was pain assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the secondary outcome was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) and its subscales (pain, stiffness, and physical function). Outcomes were evaluated at baseline, immediately, and three months after the last treatment session. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, and baseline values, immediately and three months after treatment, VAS pain scores were significantly lower in the HILT group than in controls (P < 0.001), with a large effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.81; -0.62 and SMD = -1.31, 95% CI: -1.90; -0.70, respectively). The results were similar for WOMAC's pain subscale. Despite the difference in WOMAC stiffness score was not significant between the two groups immediately after treatment (P = 0.135), this score was significantly lower in the HILT group than in the control group (SMD = -0.98, 95% CI: -1.56; -0.40, P = 0.002) three months after treatment. Furthermore, WOMAC physical function scores were significantly lower with HILT immediately and three months after treatment (P < 0.001). The same was true for the total WOMAC score. Conclusions: High-intensity laser therapy significantly improved pain and the WOMAC score in patients with knee OA immediately and three months after the last treatment session compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Anxiety, Depression, Fatigue, Quality of Life, and Sleep in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Azam Mansourzadeh, Vahid Shaygannejad, Omid Mirmosayyeb, Alireza Afshari-Safavi, Marie Claire Gay","doi":"10.5812/mejrh-132571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/mejrh-132571","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anxiety disorders are common among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Schema therapy may prove successful in the treatment of psychological disorders in MS patients. Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of schema therapy on anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and fatigue in patients with MS. Methods: This research was a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of schema therapy on anxiety in MS. It was conducted on 106 patients with MS visiting the MS clinics of Isfahan, Iran, in 2020. The participants were divided into two groups by using block randomization. The evaluations were performed during one year at three times: pretest (Time 1), posttest (Time 2), and follow-up (Time 3). The assessments were conducted using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 29-item Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). SPSS v. 26 was used to analyze the data. Results: There was a significant decrease in anxiety and depression in the group receiving schema therapy compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The group × time interaction effect was also significant for anxiety and depression (P < 0.001), but no significant effect on fatigue, quality of life, and sleep was observed. Conclusions: The findings indicated the effectiveness of schema therapy in decreasing anxiety and depression in patients with MS.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}