JMIR Human Factors最新文献

{"title":"A Smartphone App to Improve Intuitive Eating and Diet Quality: Design and Usability Study.","authors":"Mandy Korpusik, Delaram YazdanSepas, Hawley C Almstedt","doi":"10.2196/81439","DOIUrl":"10.2196/81439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Web-based and mobile phone-based apps have become widely available for dietary self-monitoring; however, their use may increase the risk of disordered eating. College students frequently demonstrate poor nutrient intake despite consumption of sufficient calories. One way to improve diet quality may be via the use of a smartphone app that encourages intuitive eating.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to improve diet quality among college students through the use of a novel smartphone app that promotes intuitive eating rather than calorie counting and weight loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The In2Eat iOS mobile app was developed in SwiftUI and stored user data in a Firebase database. A total of 45 college students completed assessments of intuitive eating, diet quality, and disordered eating before and after 4 weeks of using the In2Eat app. Users evaluated the usability of the app with the System Usability Scale (SUS). Engagement with the app was recorded as the total number of days a meal was logged, the total number of meals logged, and the average number of meals logged per day.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After our 4-week intervention, dietary qualities that protect against chronic disease increased by 28%, fruit consumption increased by 63%, and skin antioxidant levels increased by 6.1% (Hedges g=0.16; mean difference 0.33, 95% bias corrected and accelerated [BCa] CI 0.04-0.61; P=.03). Global intuitive eating did not change during the user study; however, the unconditional permission to eat subscale increased (Hedges g=-0.28; mean difference 0.28, 95% BCa CI 0.07-0.49; P=.01, adjusted P=.07). Overall, disordered eating also did not change with app use, although dietary restraint decreased (Hedges g=-0.23; mean difference 0.30, 95% BCa CI -0.61 to -0.04; P=.04, adjusted P=.22). The average SUS score for the In2Eat app was 67.2 (SD 15.5). The number of days a meal was logged was positively correlated with SUS scores (r=0.28; P=.06), and the total number of meals logged had a monotonic association with app usability (ρ=0.31; P=.04). When divided according to the low (mean 10.2, SD 5.3), medium (mean 26.3, SD 2.8), and high (mean 33.6, SD 3.8) number of days logging meals, participants with higher days of logging reported the app as more usable (H=6.75; P=.03). A regression analysis showed that 8% of the variance in system usability (R²=0.080; P=.31) was explained by app use; however, none of the individual predictors contributed substantially to the variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An intuitive eating smartphone app can improve diet quality without increasing disordered eating. Results suggest that participants who logged more meals tended to rate the app as more usable. Further research is needed with a greater sample size after incorporating features to improve the app's usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e81439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engaging Older Adults With Neurocognitive Disorders in Digital Health Technologies: Scoping Review.","authors":"Sié Mathieu Aymar Romaric Da, Maxime Sasseville, Marie-Soleil Hardy, Idrissa Beogo, Amédé Gogovor, Samira Amil, Achille R Yameogo, Florian Naye, Farzaneh Yousefi, Frédéric Bergeron, Anik Giguère, Annie LeBlanc, James Plaisimond, Carole Rivard-Lacroix, Marie-Pierre Gagnon, Chloé Cachinho","doi":"10.2196/70157","DOIUrl":"10.2196/70157","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Population aging is associated with a growing prevalence of neurocognitive disorders among adults aged 65 years and older. Digital health technologies offer promising opportunities to support cognitive health and well-being in this population. However, their effectiveness largely depends on users' level of engagement. Despite the recognized importance of engagement in digital health, limited evidence exists on how engagement is conceptualized, measured, and related to intervention outcomes among older adults living with neurocognitive disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review aimed to describe how engagement with digital health technologies among older adults with neurocognitive disorders is conceptualized and measured, examine the relationship between engagement and the effectiveness of digital health interventions, and identify factors that facilitate or hinder engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance and reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. A comprehensive search strategy, developed in collaboration with an information specialist, was applied to MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, without date restrictions. Empirical studies involving adults aged 65 years and older living with neurocognitive disorders and using digital health technologies were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by at least 2 reviewers, and the results were synthesized narratively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of the 1665 records identified after duplicate removal, 2 studies met the inclusion criteria. One study examined computerized cognitive stimulation and cognitive engagement programs among community-dwelling older adults with mild neurocognitive disorders, whereas the other explored the use of a personalized digital reminiscence application in long-term care settings among individuals with major neurocognitive disorders. No study used a validated instrument to directly measure engagement. However, observable indicators and markers related to the behavioral, cognitive, and affective components of engagement were reported. Both studies also documented concurrent cognitive or psychosocial outcomes. Factors facilitating engagement included professional support, content personalization, and involvement of informal caregivers, whereas limiting factors included cognitive fluctuations, fatigue, technical complexity, and reliance on external support.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review highlights a significant gap in the literature regarding the explicit conceptualization and standardized measurement of engagement with digital health technologies among older adults living with neurocognitive disorders. The findings underscore the nee","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e70157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of the \"OA Coach\" Mobile App to Support Individuals with Osteoarthritis: Development and Usability Testing.","authors":"Vicky Duong, Naomi Bloul, Jocelyn Bowden, Karen Bracken, Kate Bryce, Leticia Deveza, Jillian Eyles, Abdolhay Farivar, Robin Huang, Sarah Kobayashi, Na Liu, Carin Pratt, Charlotte Strong, Venkatesha Venkatesha, Shirley Yu, David J Hunter","doi":"10.2196/84857","DOIUrl":"10.2196/84857","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The OA Coach mobile app was developed to support individuals with knee osteoarthritis in self-managing their condition. The app aims to fill a current gap in the osteoarthritis mobile app field by combining key features such as symptom tracking, objective activity tracking, educational modules, and encouragement notifications underpinned by behavior change theory.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to describe the development of the OA Coach mobile app and assess its usability in a 6-week feasibility study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The app was designed in consultation with consumers, rheumatologists, physiotherapists, and osteoarthritis researchers. The app prototype contained four screens: (1) a home screen to track goals and activities, (2) a progress page, (3) a learning page with self-directed modules, and (4) an inbox for communication with the study team. For the feasibility study, 30 participants were recruited between March and April 2024 from a database of osteoarthritis trial participants or through the Osteoarthritis Chronic Care Program at Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Participants were eligible if they were aged 45 years or older, had knee pain ≥4 on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale and knee stiffness lasting &lt;30 minutes in duration, or stiffness &gt;30 minutes and diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis through a health care provider or radiographs. Participants were provided access to the app and asked to interact with it daily for 6 weeks. Outcomes were assessed through online questionnaires or through mobile app data. The primary outcome was usability, assessed using the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ). Secondary outcomes included computer self-efficacy and osteoarthritis knowledge. The quantitative data were summarized descriptively. Qualitative feedback was collected through open-ended survey responses and discussed within the research team to improve the app.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 30 participants completed the study. There was a 1:1 ratio of male to female participants, with an average age of 66.9 (SD 9.1) years and a mean pain level of 6.0 (IQR 5.0-6.8) on an 11-point numerical pain rating scale. Twenty-nine responses from the MAUQ were available for analysis. Most statements scored &gt;5 out of 7 (\"somewhat agree\"), indicating that the app was easy to use. The mean satisfaction score for the app on the MAUQ was 4.7 (SD 2.0) out of 7. Qualitative feedback from participants indicated the need for clear instructions on how to use and navigate the app, improved structure and integration of the exercise program, and improved tailoring of osteoarthritis education and support.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Overall, the OA Coach app was well accepted by participants. Based on participant feedback, the app will be revised to improve aspects of clarity, ease of use, and personalization. The updated app will be tested agai","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e84857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"User Perspectives on Conversational Agents for Preventive Alcohol Self-Help: Qualitative Exploratory Study.","authors":"Marissa De Vries, Melissa Begeman, Marloes Derksen, Anna Goudriaan, Matthijs Blankers","doi":"10.2196/86752","DOIUrl":"10.2196/86752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol use remains a major public health concern, and although preventive alcohol self-help interventions aim to support individuals in need of indicated prevention, they continue to face challenges related to low engagement and high attrition. Chatbots, also known as conversational agents (CAs), powered by artificial intelligence, may enhance engagement by offering personalized guidance and 24/7 availability. Yet, user perspectives on CAs in preventive alcohol self-help care remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper aimed to gain insight into the diverse factors shaping the adoption of CAs in preventive alcohol self-help by qualitatively exploring users' expectations and concerns, complemented by descriptive questionnaire data on perceived usefulness, intention to use, comfort, and trust.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative, exploratory study with a small purposive sample (N=12) included adults recruited from a Dutch digital alcohol self-help intervention and a client advisory board. Data were collected during an online focus group (n=8, 66.7%), 4 semistructured interviews (n=4, 33.3%), and a brief questionnaire administered to all participants in March 2025 and April 2025. The qualitative data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qualitative findings showed that participants appreciated the 24/7 availability, practical guidance, and nonjudgmental stance of CAs but doubted their capacity for genuine empathy and authenticity. Participants emphasized that the conversational tone was important: CAs should be supportive without being overly agreeable and should be confrontational once trust is established. Concerns about undue influence arose occasionally, while privacy was viewed by 1 (8.3%) participant as a major issue. Descriptive questionnaire results showed that 11 (92%) participants had prior experience with CAs, whereas only 6 (50%) had experience with digital health interventions. Most participants considered CAs potentially useful for reducing alcohol use, yet few expressed strong intentions to use one themselves. Comfort and trust ratings were largely neutral, reflecting a cautious but generally open attitude toward CA use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAs appear to hold promise as complementary tools for preventive alcohol self-help, although they are not perceived as replacements for human contact. Future design efforts should emphasize personalized interactions; an appropriate conversational tone, supportive yet not overly agreeable; and transparent communication about data use to enhance engagement and acceptance. The findings are descriptive and are not intended to be broadly generalizable.</p>","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e86752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Blended Physical Activity Intervention for Office Employees Using Intervention Mapping: Intervention Development Study.","authors":"Yan Sun, Alison Yt Ou, Tony Lei Shi, Yang Gao, Martin S Hagger, Zhennan Xiong, Xiang-Yan Chen, Shirley Sm Fong, Linda L D Zhong, Yao Jie Xie, Julien S Baker","doi":"10.2196/87328","DOIUrl":"10.2196/87328","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Insufficient engagement in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is a significant risk factor for major noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (eg, coronary heart disease and stroke), type 2 diabetes, and several cancers. Physical inactivity accounts for an estimated 3.2 million deaths annually. Office employees, due to their sedentary and desk-based work patterns, are particularly vulnerable to low MVPA levels, which negatively affect health and work productivity. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these issues, further reducing MVPA levels due to lockdowns and work-from-home policies. Although numerous interventions have aimed to promote MVPA, many lack theoretical grounding, stakeholder involvement, or systematic development frameworks. A theory- and evidence-informed approach is warranted to target modifiable determinants and mechanisms, improve coherence and replicability, and enhance effectiveness and scalability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to design an evidence-based blended intervention to improve MVPA, health, and productivity among office employees, guided by the intervention mapping (IM) framework.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Following the first 4 steps of the IM framework, we developed a 12-week blended intervention and created a website named \"Smartly Active for Health and Life.\" Step 1 involved a needs assessment through a literature review and focus group discussions (n=12 office employees) to identify barriers, facilitators, and determinants of MVPA. Step 2 defined intervention outcomes, performance objectives, and change objectives based on the social ecological model. Step 3 integrated theory- and evidence-based behavior change techniques with delivery methods, resulting in a 3-group randomized controlled trial design: (1) a blended intervention group (web-based sessions and e-workshops), (2) a web-only intervention group, and (3) an active control group. Step 4 developed and refined intervention materials and protocols through a pilot study (n=18). Key behavior change techniques included problem-solving, goal setting, self-monitoring, and habit formation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pilot study demonstrated the intervention's acceptability, feasibility, and adaptability. Participants reported increased motivation, improved knowledge of MVPA benefits, and greater confidence in goal setting and self-regulation. Feedback led to refinements such as improved website navigation and interactive content. The intervention is expected to enhance MVPA levels, health, and work productivity by addressing both motivational and volitional phases of behavior change while supporting habitual behaviors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The IM framework offered a systematic and iterative approach for developing a blended MVPA intervention tailored to the needs of office employees. This study highlights the importance of theory-driven and stakeholder","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e87328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13416307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Feasibility and Acceptability of Perfect Fit, a Virtual Coach-Based mHealth Intervention for Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity in Adults: Mixed Methods Study.","authors":"Milon H M van Vliet, Eline Meijer, Nele Albers, Kristell M Penfornis, Walter Baccinelli, Bouke L Scheltinga, Roxy A van Eersel, Niels H Chavannes, Anke Versluis","doi":"10.2196/83456","DOIUrl":"10.2196/83456","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Mobile health (mHealth) interventions with virtual coaches offer scalable and potentially cost-effective solutions for health behavior change. However, these interventions commonly present challenges, such as limited personalization and insufficient grounding in evidence-based strategies. Perfect Fit (PF; Perfect Fit consortium), a personalized mHealth intervention with a text-based virtual coach, supports adults in quitting smoking and becoming more physically active. By combining innovative techniques, including sensor technology, end user involvement, and evidence-based strategies, PF aims to address common challenges faced by mHealth interventions, including those with virtual coaches.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The study primarily investigated the feasibility and acceptability of PF. The secondary aim was to explore associations between sociodemographic, smoking-, and physical activity-related characteristics and the feasibility and acceptability outcomes. The third aim was to evaluate the feasibility of conducting the research study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A single-arm, pre-post, mixed methods study was conducted in the Netherlands with 100 adults who smoked. The intervention lasted approximately 16 weeks. Data were collected at baseline, during the intervention, and postintervention (4 months). Quantitative data included usage data and self-report questionnaires on feasibility, acceptability, and baseline characteristics. Qualitative data were gathered through postintervention semistructured interviews. Analyses included descriptive and inferential analyses, as well as the framework approach for the qualitative data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;PF usage varied considerably across participants (n=87). The mean satisfaction rating was 2.79 (SD 0.73; scale range 1-4), and perceived usability had a median score of 67.50 (range 12.50-87.50; scoring range 0-100), indicating OK-to-good usability. The mean virtual coach acceptance rating was -0.27 (SD 1.30; scale range -3 to 3; n=77). Higher PF usage was associated with greater satisfaction, usability, and coach acceptance (all P≤.004). Frequent connection issues with the smartwatch were a disruptive factor. Qualitative findings (n=12) provided in-depth insights into PF's feasibility and acceptability, encompassing both positive and negative experiences. For instance, some participants valued the virtual coach for its anonymity, low-threshold access, and the sense of control it offered, while others preferred a human coach for greater accountability. Suggested improvements included more varied content and enhanced adaptability of the coach to users' input and personal situations. Exploratory analyses suggested that high PF users were older than moderate (P=.01) and low PF users (P=.05). Importantly, PF was perceived as similarly feasible and acceptable across socioeconomic groups (P&gt;.05), aligning with one of the project's goals. Finally, researc","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e83456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Patients' Experiences in a Blended Transdiagnostic Group Treatment: Qualitative Study.","authors":"Noelia Jiménez-Orenga, Alba Fadrique-Jiménez, Azucena García-Palacios, Jorge Osma, Amanda Díaz-García, Juana Bretón-López","doi":"10.2196/86016","DOIUrl":"10.2196/86016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Emotional disorders (EDs) are the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide. Health services face significant difficulties in attending to the high demand and applying evidence-based psychological treatments. Combining the transdiagnostic approach with the group and blended formats could help the accessibility of treatment for ED. It is important to assess the feasibility and acceptability of new interventions from a qualitative perspective.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to explore the experiences and opinions of patients with ED who have received transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy treatment in a group and blended format.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Two subsamples of participants were included: those who completed the intervention (n=18) and those who did not (n=4). The completers' subsample participated in focus groups, which were transcribed verbatim and subsequently analyzed using a consensus qualitative research methodology. The noncompleters subsample completed a brief online questionnaire. Key themes identified by 2 independent researchers were described and used as complementary to focus group findings. Results were reported following the COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;After analyzing the focus group interviews using the consensus qualitative research method, 8 domains (or topic areas) were identified, namely experience with the online platform, configuration of the blended intervention, therapeutic content, experience with the group sessions via videoconference, role of the therapists, overall assessment of the blended treatment, elements that help maintain adherence, and suggestions for improvement. Overall, participants reported benefits from this type of intervention, expressed satisfaction with the treatment, and highlighted the perceived improvement and usefulness of what they learned. They also noted the good usability of the platform and the possibility of establishing a good therapeutic alliance in this format. Participants also pointed out unfavorable aspects and offered suggestions on possible areas for improvement. For noncompleters, various reasons for dropping out were identified: lack of treatment efficacy, intervention-related stress, difficulty in applying learned strategies, low involvement, lack of motivation, time constraints, or need for different types of help. Strategies to enhance adherence to treatment were also identified, such as changes in the format and configuration of the sessions, allowing more time to discuss individual problems or reducing the number of homework assignments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These qualitative results support the feasibility, acceptability, and clinical utility of a blended group transdiagnostic intervention for the treatment of ED. This novel format could be a scalable and well-valued option within mental health services, althou","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e86016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13335943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148399671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mobile App (Tpro) for Symptom Management in Patients With Deep Vein Thrombosis Based on Patient-Reported Outcomes: Design and Development Using an Iterative Convergent Mixed Methods Approach.","authors":"Qiaodan Lu, Yafei Liu, Manna Shao, Lei Wang","doi":"10.2196/92738","DOIUrl":"10.2196/92738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a significant global health issue, often associated with a high symptom burden and reduced quality of life, especially after discharge. Traditional symptom management models are typically passive, clinician-centered, and lack real-time monitoring and feedback, which can lead to delayed interventions and poor patient engagement. While mobile health (mHealth) interventions offer a promising alternative, they require rigorous usability testing to ensure both efficacy and adoption.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to design and develop Tpro (developed by the Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital), a patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based mobile app for patients with DVT. Using an iterative convergent mixed methods design, the app seeks to enable proactive symptom monitoring, health education, clinician-patient interaction, and peer support, thereby optimizing its usability, functionality, and alignment with patient needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The development followed an iterative convergent mixed methods design, comprising predevelopment and iterative optimization phases. Initial functions were informed by qualitative interviews with 14 patients with DVT. Over 4 iterative cycles, qualitative feedback and quantitative usability data (including task completion rates and User Interface Usability Questionnaire [UIUQ] scores) were concurrently collected, analyzed, and integrated via joint displays to guide refinements in content, interface, and system architecture until usability benchmarks were met.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final Tpro app encompasses 4 core modules, including gamified symptom reporting, multimodal health education, clinician-patient communication, and a peer support community. Iterative testing identified and resolved key usability issues. The final prototype demonstrated high usability, achieving an excellent UIUQ score (mean 89, SD 13) and a task completion rate of 92% (12/13), indicating high user acceptance and operational reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Applying the iterative convergent mixed methods approach enabled the systematic and user-centered development of Tpro. This methodology effectively integrated diverse stakeholder feedback into a functional and engaging patient-reported outcome-based app, ready for subsequent efficacy trials. This approach offers a replicable model for developing digital health tools in complex clinical contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e92738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Intervention Mapping to Codevelop Orchid, a Digital Tool for Reproductive Life Planning: Development and Feasibility Study.","authors":"Catherine Stewart, Helen Carr, Maitri Shila Tursini, Alice Howe, Jennifer Hall","doi":"10.2196/87650","DOIUrl":"10.2196/87650","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Most people make no health or lifestyle changes before pregnancy, missing a key opportunity to improve outcomes. Consequently, nearly half of UK pregnancies are unplanned, disproportionately affecting underserved groups and widening health inequalities. Digital health interventions (DHIs) offer promise but require systematic, theory-driven development to ensure effectiveness and real-world applicability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to use Intervention Mapping to codevelop and pilot Orchid, a novel DHI designed to support people of reproductive age to understand their pregnancy preferences and develop a reproductive life plan (RLP).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We used Intervention Mapping steps 1-4 to guide the systematic, theory-informed codevelopment of Orchid. A multidisciplinary planning group and codevelopment group of 21 members of the public contributed throughout. At step 1, previous research and a scoping review of existing RLPs informed the program goals and logic model of the problem. During step 2, we identified performance objectives and behavioral determinants to specify practical strategies for each target behavior. At step 3, we applied the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model and relevant behavior change techniques to guide intervention design. Finally, at step 4, Orchid was co-designed as a website and mobile app providing users with a pregnancy preference group and prediction of pregnancy, a dynamic RLP, tailored evidence-based information, and optional goal-setting features to support behavior change. Orchid was piloted between January and May 2025 to explore its feasibility and acceptability in health care settings. Interviews with users, nonusers, and health care professionals were conducted and quantitative data from users were collected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings indicate that implementation was feasible, and health care professionals found it acceptable to recommend Orchid to patients, though noted barriers including time constraints and competing priorities. Overall, 153 people signed up to Orchid; 68% (72/106) of eligible users received a pregnancy preference group and 27% (32/119) of eligible users completed a full RLP. Users were positive about Orchid, appreciating its content and design, noting that Orchid contained a wealth of information about reproductive health presented in an easy-to-understand manner. They valued the autonomy, convenience, and privacy afforded by the digital format, and found it acceptable to be recommended Orchid within a health care setting. Orchid uptake was lower than anticipated, and use was limited; this was partly expected given the short pilot period, but feedback also suggested targeted recruitment and navigation improvements could enhance uptake and engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Orchid is the first co-designed DHI to support reproductive health across the life course.","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e87650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13327371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Health Status: Development and Preliminary Validation of a Personal Health Index Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.","authors":"Ilkka Rautiainen, Lauri Parviainen, Veera Jakoaho, Sami Äyrämö, Jukka-Pekka Kauppi","doi":"10.2196/84802","DOIUrl":"10.2196/84802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective health monitoring is essential for personalized care and comprehensive health assessment. Personal health indices and profiles offer a concise summary of an individual's overall health, supporting both clinical decision-making and self-management. However, global standardization remains challenging due to diverse practices and data formats across countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to present a novel model for computing a personal health index and health profile using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. The model was designed to handle incomplete and heterogeneous datasets and aimed to provide standardized, interpretable health metrics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a recursive algorithm that calculates the health index based on the hierarchical structure of the ICF, using all available measurements. The model incorporates time decay and linkage reliability to weight input data. Preliminary validation was conducted on data from 505 individuals, using statistical correlation analyses with self-assessed health measures (EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale and pain ratings), and a sensitivity analysis was performed to assess model robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The computed health index showed moderate positive correlations with EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale scores (all P<.001) and negative correlations with maximum pain trajectories, supporting its validity. Sensitivity analysis confirmed predictable behavior in response to input changes, and the model demonstrated resilience to missing data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed model offers a flexible and scientifically grounded approach to computing personal health indices and profiles within the ICF framework. It enables the integration of diverse health data sources and supports the visual representation for clinical and personal use. This model has potential applications in health monitoring, rehabilitation planning, and machine learning-based health informatics.</p>","PeriodicalId":36351,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Human Factors","volume":"13 ","pages":"e84802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13337805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}