AitherPub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.5507/aither.2024.003
Jaroslav Daneš
{"title":"Diskurz cti a hanby v Aischylově dramatu","authors":"Jaroslav Daneš","doi":"10.5507/aither.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":"59 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.009
V. Konrádová
{"title":"Stud jako sociální fundament v prótagorovském mýtu v Platónově dialogu Prótagoras","authors":"V. Konrádová","doi":"10.5507/aither.2023.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2023.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":"305 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.003
Tomáš Nejeschleba
{"title":"De sphaera Iohannis de Sacrobosco apud Boemos The book review of: Alena Hadravová and Petr Hadrava, Sféra Iohanna de Sacrobosco - Středověká učebnice základů astronomie (Praha: Akropolis, 2019)","authors":"Tomáš Nejeschleba","doi":"10.5507/aither.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48405228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.001
A. Zavaliy
{"title":"What Are We Fighting For: The Noble Goal of Courage in Aristotle's Ethics","authors":"A. Zavaliy","doi":"10.5507/aither.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Aristotle’s analysis of the virtue of courage presents a number of interpretative difficulties. The initial thesis that courage consists in overcoming the fear of death in the context of war for a worthy or noble cause will be analysed against several other, seemingly inconsistent, definitions of this virtue in the Nicomachean Ethics . The normative aspect of the present study aims at making sense of what could qualify as a noble goal of a fearless action for the Aristotelian model, given that one’s personal eudaimonia cannot be the goal of a warrior willing to sacrifice his life in battle. Reference to the intended proper end of courageous behaviour is one of the constitutive features of the Aristotelian holistic account of this virtue and this normative provision remains unexplained in the text. Two options are considered: (1) the noble goal of courage is an altruistic concern for the good of the polis ; (2) the goal of courage is personal honour (including postmortem glorification). It is argued that the second option is a better fit with the Aristotelian model of virtue ethics, which should be seen as a form of enlightened egoism.","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48593454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.008
M. Knoll
{"title":"Teleology in Aristotle's Practical Philosophy","authors":"M. Knoll","doi":"10.5507/aither.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to the debate on the relation between Aristotle’s practical and theoretical philosophy. It argues that his practical philosophy depends to a considerable extent on his teleological conception of nature. This thesis is primarily directed against scholars who maintain that Aristotle does not derive political and human relations from natural or cosmic conditions. The paper defends David Sedley’s anthropocentric interpretation of Aristotle’s natural teleology and shows how Aristotle applies teleological explanations to power relations among human beings – among men and women and among freemen and natural slaves – and their purposes and goals. The article focuses on Aristotle’s human ‘function’ ( ergon ) argument, which is a teleological argument at the centre of his practical philosophy. It argues that this argument, which Aristotle presents to define ‘human flourishing’ or ‘happiness’ ( eudaimonia ), depends on his definition of man as the only ‘living being that has language and reason’ ( zôon logon echon ). It further claims that the dispute about whether Aristotle identifies eudaimonia only with a life of contemplation or whether eudaimonia includes a political life can be clarified by referring to the natural purpose of logos .","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49195322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.006
Radim Kočandrle
{"title":"Thalétova Země plovoucí na vodě","authors":"Radim Kočandrle","doi":"10.5507/aither.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43350537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.5507/aither.2023.002
Tomáš Vítek
{"title":"Tvář a její význam v nejstarších řeckých pramenech","authors":"Tomáš Vítek","doi":"10.5507/aither.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores what was meant by the face in various genres in antiquity from the earliest times to the beginning of Hellenism. The face originally represented a place where strong feelings were expressed, especially grief, shame and disgrace. If the face was somehow damaged or questioned, it diminished a person‘s value in life and after death and brought with it shame for the person and those close to him. Descriptions of the face were for a long time only very brief and general, but they still served to make aesthetic and moral judgments or to suggest how one‘s face should look in a particular situation. This prescriptive aspect was intensified in physiognomy, which, however, concentrated only on some partial features of the face (especially the eyes), while the face itself or as a whole was given little consideration. Physiognomists did not strive to depict the individual as faithfully as possible, but rather tried to identify him or her with one of a limited number of character types and to determine his or her proximity or distance to ideal values and models. Similar efforts and practices can also be observed in Greek portraiture and theatre, probably not only due to the influence of physiognomy. Although the Greeks gradually began to create more realistic and individualised portraits, they were generally more interested in typological features of the face and character.","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44546984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.007
Tomáš Nejeschleba
{"title":"Recenze: Peter Brown, Augustin z Hipponu","authors":"Tomáš Nejeschleba","doi":"10.5507/aither.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47802067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AitherPub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.5507/aither.2022.005
Diana Míčková
{"title":"Číst či nečíst? Řecký pohled na egyptské hieroglyfy a principy antického umění paměti","authors":"Diana Míčková","doi":"10.5507/aither.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/aither.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on Greek and Latin interpretation of Egyptian hieroglyphs and its similarity and possible relation to the classical art of memory and the (almost lost) methods of Greek mnemonics. The first part points to the differences between the Egyptian and Greek view on script and written sources, based mostly on mythological stories about the origin(s) of writing. The next part briefly explains the ancient interpretation of Egyptian hieroglyphs, focusing on Horapollo’s Hieroglyphica and other sources. The third and last part of the study considers a possible relation of that interpretation to the art of memory. The mechanisms of creating images in ars memoriae , of Egyptian hieroglyphs and the Greek interpretation of them are compared and possible a (re)-use of hieroglyphic signs in some form of Greek mnemonics is suggested.","PeriodicalId":36348,"journal":{"name":"Aither","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45448595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}