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Shifting Tides: The Evolution of Racial Inequality in Higher Education from the 1980s through the 2010s. 潮起潮落：从 20 世纪 80 年代到 2010 年代高等教育中种族不平等的演变》（The Evolution of Racial Inequality in Higher Education from the 1980s through the 2010s）。
IF 4.5
Socius Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231225578
Byeongdon Oh, Ned Tilbrook, Dara Shifrer
{"title":"Shifting Tides: The Evolution of Racial Inequality in Higher Education from the 1980s through the 2010s.","authors":"Byeongdon Oh, Ned Tilbrook, Dara Shifrer","doi":"10.1177/23780231231225578","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231225578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amid the proliferation of state-level bans on race-based affirmative action in higher education, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision on June 29, 2023, dismantled race-conscious college admission policies, intensifying concerns about the persistence and potential increase of racial inequality in higher education. The authors analyze four restricted-use national survey datasets to investigate racial disparities in college attendance outcomes from the 1980s through the 2010s. Although college entrance rates increased for all racial groups, Black and Hispanic youth became increasingly less likely than their White peers to attend four-year selective colleges. In the 2010s cohort, Black and Hispanic youth were 8 and 7 percentage points, respectively, less likely than their White counterparts to secure admission to four-year selective colleges, even after controlling for parents' income, education, and other family background variables. The findings underscore the urgent need for proactive policy interventions to address the widening racial inequality in attending selective postsecondary institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10919541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attitudes and Behavior Feedback Loops for Young Women's Premarital Sex. 年轻女性婚前性行为的态度和行为反馈回路。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241277690
Michelle A Eilers
{"title":"Attitudes and Behavior Feedback Loops for Young Women's Premarital Sex.","authors":"Michelle A Eilers","doi":"10.1177/23780231241277690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231241277690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sociologists have long been puzzled by whether attitudes inform behaviors or vice versa. Accurately assessing both possibilities requires panel data collected at relatively short intervals. In this study, I leverage intensive panel data from the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life Study to assess the case of young women's premarital sexual attitudes and behavior. Through a series of descriptive analyses and cross-lagged panel models, I show that opposition to premarital sex in young adulthood is only sometimes associated with subsequent sexual behavior and that premarital sex is negatively associated with later opposition to premarital sex. Young women are especially likely to reduce their opposition following first sex relative to sex reported at any time. Thus, initial behavioral experiences may result in outsized shocks to attitudes, following an active updating model. That subsequent sex is associated with less attitudinal change suggests that young women initially update their attitudes before settling into them. This study nuances long-standing debates on the malleability of attitudes within a person over time and with respect to behavior and has implications for how people approach behavior according to their attitudes across a wide spectrum of social phenomena.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course: The Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender. 整个生命过程中面临的职业压力不平等：种族/族裔与性别的交叉。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241258022
Mara Getz Sheftel, Noreen Goldman, Anne R Pebley, Boriana Pratt, Sung S Park
{"title":"Unequal Exposure to Occupational Stress across the Life Course: The Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender.","authors":"Mara Getz Sheftel, Noreen Goldman, Anne R Pebley, Boriana Pratt, Sung S Park","doi":"10.1177/23780231241258022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231241258022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Work, a segregated social context in the United States, may be an important source of differential exposure to stress by race/ethnicity, but existing research does not systematically describe variation in exposure to occupational stress by race/ethnicity. Using work history data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study and occupational-level measures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Occupational Information Network, the authors document the extent to which the race/ethnicity and gender composition of occupational categories varies by level of occupational strain and how life-course exposure to occupational strain differs by race/ethnicity and gender. Black and Latino workers are overrepresented in high-strain jobs at many ages, compared with other groups. Exposure to job strain across working ages shows more variation in exposure by gender and race/ethnicity groups than static measures. These findings point to potential bias in research using a single, cross-sectional measure of job stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social Infrastructure Availability and Suicide Rates among Working-Age Adults in the United States. 美国工龄成年人的社会基础设施可用性与自杀率。
IF 4.5
Socius Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241241034
Xue Zhang, Danielle C Rhubart, Shannon M Monnat
{"title":"Social Infrastructure Availability and Suicide Rates among Working-Age Adults in the United States.","authors":"Xue Zhang, Danielle C Rhubart, Shannon M Monnat","doi":"10.1177/23780231241241034","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231241241034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social infrastructure (SI) may buffer against suicide risk by improving social cohesion, social support, and information and resource sharing. This study uses an ecological approach to examine the relationship between county-level SI availability and suicide rates among working-age adults (ages 25-64) in the United States, a population for whom suicide rates are high, rising, and geographically unequal. Mortality data are from the National Vital Statistics System for 2016-2019. SI data are from the National Neighborhood Data Archive for 2013-2015 and capture the availability of typically free SI (e.g. libraries, community centers) and commercial SI (e.g. coffee shops, diners, entertainment venues). Results from negative binomial models show that suicide rates are significantly lower in counties with more SI availability, net of county demographic, socioeconomic, and health care factors. This relationship held for both typically free and commercial SI. Policymakers should consider strengthening existing and developing new social infrastructure, particularly in counties with less educated populations, as part of a broader strategy to reduce suicide rates in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conspiratorial Ideation Is Associated with Lower Perceptions of Policy Effectiveness: Views from Local Governments during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 阴谋论思想与较低的政策有效性认知相关：在 COVID-19 大流行期间地方政府的观点。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2023-07-27 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231177154
Adam Mayer, Stacia Ryder
{"title":"Conspiratorial Ideation Is Associated with Lower Perceptions of Policy Effectiveness: Views from Local Governments during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Adam Mayer, Stacia Ryder","doi":"10.1177/23780231231177154","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231177154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Governments around the world struggled to formulate an effective response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which was hampered by the widespread diffusion of various conspiracy theories about the virus. Local governments are often responsible for the implementing mitigation measures such as mask mandates and curfews but have received very limited attention in the scholarly literature. In this article, the authors use data from local policy actors in Colorado to evaluate the relationship between conspiratorial beliefs and perceptions of mitigation policy effectiveness. The authors find that many local policy actors hold conspiratorial beliefs, which combine with partisanship to contribute to lower perceptions of policy effectiveness. The authors conclude by discussing future research directions, noting that the broad adoption of conspiracy theories likely changes enforcement at the local scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/02/10.1177_23780231231177154.PMC10375229.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10302466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scars from a Previous Epidemic: Social Proximity to Zika and Fertility Intentions during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 上一次流行病留下的伤疤：COVID-19 大流行期间与寨卡病毒的社会亲近程度和生育意愿。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2023-07-26 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231184767
Leticia J Marteleto, Molly Dondero, Andrew Koepp
{"title":"Scars from a Previous Epidemic: Social Proximity to Zika and Fertility Intentions during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Leticia J Marteleto, Molly Dondero, Andrew Koepp","doi":"10.1177/23780231231184767","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231184767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examine whether women's social proximity to Zika during the Zika epidemic predicts intentions to avoid a pregnancy because of the COVID-19 pandemic either directly or indirectly via subjective assessments of the pandemic. We apply path models on unique microdata from Brazil, the country most affected by Zika and an epicenter of COVID-19, to understand whether a novel infectious disease outbreak left lasting imprints shaping fertility intentions during a subsequent novel infectious disease outbreak. Findings show that Zika social proximity is associated with fertility intentions through an indirect path related to subjective assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings emerged regardless of whether a woman herself had or suspected she had Zika and speak to the transformative consequences of novel infectious disease outbreaks that go beyond mortality and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/00/b0/10.1177_23780231231184767.PMC10372507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trends in Neighborhood Social Cohesion among Families with Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19 大流行期间有子女家庭的邻里社会凝聚力趋势。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2023-06-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231180386
Makayla Davis, Colin Campbell, Dmitry Tumin
{"title":"Trends in Neighborhood Social Cohesion among Families with Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Makayla Davis, Colin Campbell, Dmitry Tumin","doi":"10.1177/23780231231180386","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231180386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had far-reaching economic and social consequences, affecting economic well-being, health, mobility, relationships, and daily routines. What effect did the COVID-19 pandemic have on neighborhood social cohesion? Drawing on data from the National Survey of Children's Health, the authors examine trends in neighborhood social cohesion as reported by caregivers of U.S. children from 2016 to 2021. Despite the substantial changes spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors find that the pandemic did not lead to a significant change in perceived neighborhood social cohesion. These findings reveal the durability of perceived neighborhood social cohesion, showing that it appears to be unaffected even by sizable changes in social and economic contexts. Moreover, the findings provide additional evidence of disparities in perceived neighborhood social cohesion across social groups and contribute to ongoing debates related to potential declines in neighborhood relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ff/09/10.1177_23780231231180386.PMC10273094.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9672455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mating in Captivity: The Influence of Social Location on Sexual Satisfaction through Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic. 圈养交配：在 COVID-19 大流行的各个阶段，社会位置对性满意度的影响。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2023-06-06 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231173899
Elizabeth E McElroy, Samuel L Perry, Joshua B Grubbs
{"title":"Mating in Captivity: The Influence of Social Location on Sexual Satisfaction through Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Elizabeth E McElroy, Samuel L Perry, Joshua B Grubbs","doi":"10.1177/23780231231173899","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231173899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent global pandemic provides a natural experiment \"intervention\" to examine how differing baseline social dynamics such as gender, education, and politics shaped diverging patterns of well-being during rapidly shifting societal conditions. Using married adults from a nationally representative panel study in the United States from August 2019 to August 2021, discontinuous growth curves reveal a large drop in average married sexual satisfaction in both quality and frequency directly following the pandemic onset. Moreover, sexual satisfaction remained largely suppressed for the subsequent 18 months, apart from a brief \"optimism blip\" in the fall of 2020. Race, age, income, employment, parenthood, education, and political affiliation all appear as meaningful predictors, but these differ across various phases of the pandemic and by gender. These results reveal evidence of lingering changes in subjective sexual well-being as well as patterns of catastrophe risk and resilience moderated by social location factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/34/21/10.1177_23780231231173899.PMC10247694.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Social Ties, and Psychosocial Well-Being of Middle-Aged Women in Rural Africa. 2019冠状病毒病大流行、社会关系和非洲农村中年妇女的社会心理健康。
IF 4.5
Socius Pub Date : 2023-05-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231171868
Victor Agadjanian
{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic, Social Ties, and Psychosocial Well-Being of Middle-Aged Women in Rural Africa.","authors":"Victor Agadjanian","doi":"10.1177/23780231231171868","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231171868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study contributes to the understanding of the societal impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the Global South by examining longer term implications of pandemic-induced disruptions and deprivations for social ties and psychosocial well-being. Using data from a survey of middle-aged women in rural Mozambique, the author finds a negative association between the pandemic-triggered household economic decline and perceived changes in the quality of relations with marital partners, non-coresident children, and relatives, but not with generally more distant actors, such as coreligionists and neighbors. In turn, multivariable analyses detect a positive association of changes in the quality of family and kin ties with participants' life satisfaction, regardless of other factors. Yet women's expectations for changes in their household living conditions in the near future show a significant association only with changes in the quality of relations with marital partners. The author situates these findings within the context of women's enduring vulnerabilities in low-income patriarchal settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10201067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9579753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Love in the Time of COVID-19: The Social Dimensions of Intimate Life under Lockdown. COVID-19时期的爱情：封锁下亲密生活的社会维度。
IF 3
Socius Pub Date : 2023-04-08 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231161046
Alexander Borsa, Maximillian Calleo, Joshua Faires, Golda Kaplan, Shadiya Sharif, Dingyu Zhang, Tey Meadow
{"title":"Love in the Time of COVID-19: The Social Dimensions of Intimate Life under Lockdown.","authors":"Alexander Borsa, Maximillian Calleo, Joshua Faires, Golda Kaplan, Shadiya Sharif, Dingyu Zhang, Tey Meadow","doi":"10.1177/23780231231161046","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23780231231161046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although popular media across the United States reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 COVID pandemic incited dramatic transformations in personal relationships, identities, and practices, little sociological research examines these developments. What exists elaborates the \"how\" and \"how much\" of sex, the frequency of sexual conduct, and changes in the patterning of sexual behavior. In this study of the intimate trajectories of 46 young adults, conducted during the height of U.S. quarantine restrictions in 2020 and early 2021, the authors explore the \"whys\" of sex. They find that the exogenous force of the pandemic profoundly altered individual relationship trajectories, prompted sexual introspection projects, shifted understandings of sexual risk, and promoted new modes of intimacy. These findings suggest that pandemic life reached deep into subjective self-understandings and ways of relating to others. They also reveal the benefits of foregrounding cultural meanings over behaviors, changes in thoughts over actions, and social processes over individual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":36345,"journal":{"name":"Socius","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/d8/10.1177_23780231231161046.PMC10083692.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9317099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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