Mara Getz Sheftel, Noreen Goldman, Anne R Pebley, Boriana Pratt, Sung S Park
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Work, a segregated social context in the United States, may be an important source of differential exposure to stress by race/ethnicity, but existing research does not systematically describe variation in exposure to occupational stress by race/ethnicity. Using work history data from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study and occupational-level measures from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Occupational Information Network, the authors document the extent to which the race/ethnicity and gender composition of occupational categories varies by level of occupational strain and how life-course exposure to occupational strain differs by race/ethnicity and gender. Black and Latino workers are overrepresented in high-strain jobs at many ages, compared with other groups. Exposure to job strain across working ages shows more variation in exposure by gender and race/ethnicity groups than static measures. These findings point to potential bias in research using a single, cross-sectional measure of job stress.
在美国,工作是一种隔离的社会环境,可能是不同种族/族裔面临不同压力的一个重要来源,但现有研究并未系统地描述不同种族/族裔面临职业压力的差异。作者利用美国健康与退休研究(U.S. Health and Retirement Study)的工作历史数据以及劳工统计局和职业信息网络(Occupational Information Network)的职业水平测量数据,记录了职业类别的种族/族裔和性别构成因职业压力水平而异的程度,以及不同种族/族裔和性别的人在一生中面临的职业压力有何不同。与其他群体相比,黑人和拉丁裔工人在许多年龄段从事高负荷工作的比例过高。与静态测量结果相比,不同性别和种族/人种群体在不同工作年龄段的职业压力暴露差异更大。这些发现表明,使用单一的、横截面的工作压力测量方法进行研究可能存在偏差。