{"title":"Differences in the Quality of Bottom Ash and Fly Ash for the Cement Industry as an Alternative Fuel (AF)","authors":"Nurul Faizah, Ariyanti Sarwono, W. K. Suryawan","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4154","url":null,"abstract":"Cement is a prominent Indonesian industry. Industrial fuel needs are growing. In Indonesia, biomass is an essential natural resource with a variety of primary products such as fiber, wood, oil, food, and others that are utilized domestically and exported to generate foreign cash. This study compares fly ash and bottom ash as alternative fuel feedstock materials from the cement industry. This study uses cement industry data from East Java. As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, TI, Sb, Co, Ni, Cu, V, Zn, Se, and Sn for bottom ash and fly ash quality data are employed. The investigation followed a paired t-test to compare ash types based on metal characteristics, then an ANOVA post-test to establish the significance of bottom ash and fly ash values. The paired t-test on two types of ash showed a 0.103 difference. ANOVA shows that ash kinds differ significantly. Bottom ash and fly ash have different qualities. Hence their management requires various approaches. This treatment utilizes bottom ash. For fly ash, the quality-related parameters must be lowered.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131731199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Faris Akbar, Abimanyu Mahardhika, A. Sari
{"title":"Calculation of reserve estimation in the new pit design using mining software at PT. Tanjung Alam Jaya pit x, Banjar, South Borneo.","authors":"Muhammad Faris Akbar, Abimanyu Mahardhika, A. Sari","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4053","url":null,"abstract":"The mining planning and design were carried out in PT. Tanjung Alam Jaya, a coal mining company in South Kalimantan. The company intends to re-mine the Pit X area and requires a comprehensive mine planning approach to achieve its mining objectives. The study focuses on long-term planning, specifically optimizing the pit design while considering the company's specified stripping ratio limit and calculating the potential reserve volumes. The research aims to develop an optimized pit design and estimate the quantity of mineable reserves based on the optimization results. The findings include a mining layout design drawing and the calculated coal reserves that can be extracted from the optimized pit design. The excavation area spans 38.1 hectares, with excavation limits reaching a depth of -56 meters above sea level. The shape of the excavation extends from northeast to southwest, with a length of 1,065 meters and a variable width of 310 to 460 meters. The excavation features a slope height of 10 meters and a single slope angle of 65 degrees. Moreover, the haul road measures 21 meters in width with a 10% grade. The pit design indicates a total mineable coal reserve of 1,400,263.48 tons across all seams. Additionally, it reveals that 21,565,312.42 bcm of overburden / interburden must be stripped, resulting in a stripping ratio of 15.40 for the specific pit design. The haul road measures 21 meters in width with a 10% grade. In conclusion, this research demonstrates PT Tanjung Alam Jaya's efforts to optimize their pit design for re-mining in the Pit X area. The study provides valuable insights through a comprehensive mine planning approach, aiding the company in achieving their mining objectives while adhering to specified limits.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128765504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surabaya land cover prediction based on Landsat Satellite using the Multi-layer Perceptron Method","authors":"Shanas Septy Prayuda, MarithaNilam Kusuma","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4321","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure development has occurred very rapidly in Surabaya in the last few decades. There is pressure on the need for land use in line with the increase in population. This study aims to analyze changes in land cover with inter-decade analysis and predict land cover in 2021-2030 in Surabaya using the Multi-Layer Perceptron method. The data used in this research is Landsat satellite which is considered good in representing the actual land cover. A decrease in the amount of vegetation occurs every decade in Surabaya, while the number of buildings is increasing and the bodies of water are relatively the same. The Multi-Layer Perceptron method has a good level of accuracy in predicting land cover in the city of Surabaya. In 2021-2030 it is predicted that Surabaya will still experience an increase in the number of buildings and a decrease in the amount of vegetation.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130181680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Irmawati Pradani, Heru Dwiriawan Sutoyo, A. Suhardono
{"title":"Analyzing the roughness of the discontinuous surface in Mt. Semeru Eruption rock","authors":"Diana Irmawati Pradani, Heru Dwiriawan Sutoyo, A. Suhardono","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4131","url":null,"abstract":"From the moment they were formed to the deposition process, the characteristics and properties of rocks that form on the earth's surface vary. The effects of Mount Semeru's eruption will be transported and deposited, eventually solidifying into rock masses. As a result of weak places like joints, fractures, and fissures, where the density, filling, and orientation are not continuous, rock masses in nature have discontinuous or discontinuous qualities. Rock shear strength will be decreased if there are discontinuous planes in the rock bulk. Using Barton's empirical equation and the Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC) parameter, roughness conditions in discontinuous planes can be measured. Determining the features of the rock mass that are influenced by the shear strength of discontinuous planes in the Mount Semeru eruption rock based on variations in shear roughness in accordance with Barton and Choubey's criterion is therefore crucial. The observation of discontinuous plane roughness conditions in rocks as a result of Mount Semeru's eruption is necessary to get many rock shear strength parameters, which are then used to determine the friction angles, undulation values, and cohesion values in the surface of the discontinuous plane.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115459529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Present-day Crustal Deformation in West Sumatra After Series of Sumatran Great Earthquake from 2004-2010","authors":"S. M. Alif, Jenny Melynda Siagian, Ongky Anggara","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.3733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.3733","url":null,"abstract":"Present-day crustal deformation was an attempt to estimate earthquake potential, yet the presence of postseismic deformation should be carefully identified. Studying crustal deformation in West Sumatra has been important for this purpose since the series of Sumatran Great Earthquake from 2004-2010. This study utilized present-day GNSS data (2017-2021) and pre-2004 GNSS velocities to understand the present-day crustal deformation. Bernese 5.2 was used to process the GNSS data and linear regression was used to calculate present-day velocities. These velocities were transformed into an ITRF2000-based Sundaland plate reference frame and then the velocities were compared to pre-2004 velocities in the same reference frame. The present-day velocities were ranging from 28.4 mm/yr to 58.3 mm/yr in ITRF2014 and from 8.8 to 44.8 mm/yr in the Sundaland plate reference frame. This suggests West Sumatra was located on the Sumatra block of the Sundaland plate. The low velocity difference ( 11.7 mm/yr) with the random vector direction between present-day velocities and pre-2004 velocities shows that there is no postseismic deformation affecting West Sumatra. This proposes the utilization of present-day velocities for earthquake potential estimation in West Sumatra.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"519 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116255516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Coal in Dahor Formation, Borneo Island, Indonesia: A Comparative Study Utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA)","authors":"R. K. Putri","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4504","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the multivariate statistical analysis of coal samples from the Dahor Formation in Borneo Island, Indonesia, utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The objective is to discern the differences in coal samples based on their geological history and chemical properties. The Indonesian coal industry heavily relies on domestic consumption, with plans to increase coal usage for domestic purposes. Coal classification systems play a vital role in evaluating coal quality and determining its economic value. The geological background of the study area in Borneo Island is discussed, emphasizing relevant formations and sedimentation processes. The application of PCA in multivariate statistical analysis is explained, along with the generation of a correlation matrix to explore relationships between variables. The results reveal the presence of four distinct quadrants in the processed coal data, indicating the influence of volatile matter, total moisture, ash content, and fixed carbon. Further analysis demonstrates relatively insignificant differences in the proximate analysis parameters, except for ash content, which indicates the presence of impurity minerals. The concentration of volatile matter, ash, and moisture impacts the fixed carbon content, while volatile matter influences the combustion process. These findings provide valuable insights into coal quality and utilization. The utilization of PCA and multivariate analysis enhances understanding of coal characteristics and facilitates decision-making in coal-related industries. The study concludes with a call for further investigations and analyses to enhance our understanding of coal deposits, improve resource estimation, and develop more sustainable and efficient coal-based processes. Continued research in this field will contribute to advancements in coal science and the development of strategies for responsible coal utilization.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125365871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the link between Atmospheric conditions and Acid rain prevalence: a 12-year study at Juanda International Airport, Sidoarjo, Indonesia.","authors":"Agatha Mayasari, Yulfiah Yulfiah","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4557","url":null,"abstract":"Acid rain is a pressing environmental concern, posing severe threats to the well-being of various forms of life. Our research sought to evaluate the acidity level of rainwater at Juanda International Airport, attempting to correlate it with weather parameters. We analyzed a span of twelve years, inspecting the relationship of rainwater pH with upper atmospheric conditions, specifically focusing on air temperature and humidity. Utilizing a statistical approach enabled us to draw meaningful conclusions from the extensive data at hand. Our analysis revealed that a significant 40% of the rain data fell under the acid rain category, demonstrating the alarming prevalence of the phenomenon in the region. A fascinating insight uncovered through our study was the existence of a correlation between the pH level of the rainwater and the air temperature and humidity values, particularly in zones where rain clouds tend to develop. This finding amplifies our understanding of the intricate relationships between acid rain formation and atmospheric conditions. We posit that weather parameters like temperature and humidity may have an integral role in acid rain production, thereby influencing the ecosystem's balance. Continued research in this realm can potentially help in creating better predictive models and in devising effective strategies for combating the devastating effects of acid rain.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130276462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early to Middle Miocene Dissectec Arc of Karangsambung Area: A Case Study of Waturanda and Penosogan Formations Provenance","authors":"Faradhea Safira, Eko Bayu Purwasatriya, Akhmad Khalil Gibran","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4535","url":null,"abstract":"This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the geological conditions within a specific region, with a dual objective. Firstly, it aims to detail the geophysical attributes, structural aspects, and formation processes of the region. Secondly, it strives to establish a connection between the provenance, or origin, of the sedimentary materials in the region and its geological characteristics. The primary subjects of the research are the Waturanda and Penosogan Formations. These formations were selected due to their unique geological properties that offer insights into the geological history of the region. The primary method employed in the study was petrographic analysis. This technique, involving a microscopic examination of rocks, facilitated a detailed investigation into the rock samples from both formations, highlighting their mineralogical constitution and overall textures. The study also involved a thorough examination of the original rock or parent material of the Waturanda and Penosogan Formations. This analysis provided important information about their inherent geological attributes and formation processes. One of the key findings was the identification of the tectonic environment in which these formations were developed. The study revealed that the tectonic setting was a magmatic arc, specifically a dissected arc. This significant insight into the geological conditions has profound implications for understanding the geological evolution and history of the region, thereby enriching our knowledge of Earth's dynamic geological processes.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114461030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. L. Sunan, Maula Nurlatifah, Fx Anjar Tri Laksono, A. Widagdo
{"title":"Analysis of Tectonic Influence on Morphological Formation: Case Study of Gapura Pemalang Area","authors":"H. L. Sunan, Maula Nurlatifah, Fx Anjar Tri Laksono, A. Widagdo","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4518","url":null,"abstract":"Tectonic activity is closely related to the formation of landforms (morphology) in a region. The study area exhibits morphology controlled by normal fault tectonics, with blocks consisting of highlands and lowlands. This study aims to determine the extent of tectonic influence (normal faulting) on the morphology in the location. The quantitative geomorphological analysis method is used to obtain data on the level of tectonic activity present in the research area. Based on this method, it causes the formation of morphology and geological structures that affect the current surface forms. The methods used to calculate the tectonic influence are the Ratio of Valley Floor Width to Valley Height (Vf) and Mountain Front Sinuosity (Smf). Based on the results of the case study, the average Vf is 0.19, indicating class one tectonic activity and a high uplift level with V-shaped valleys. Meanwhile, the average Smf is 1.45, indicating strong tectonic activity associated with wide plains, narrow valleys, and steep hills. Based on these results, the study location falls into the category of strong tectonic activity, supported by field geological data showing right-lateral strike-slip faults and left-lateral normal faults intersecting each other.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126770192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rachma, Yuliani, M. Mutiara, I. Wayan, Koko Suryawan
{"title":"Carbon Footprint Assessment of LPG Gas Usage in Small Industries: A Case Study of Sami Laris Swalayan Shopping Center","authors":"A. Rachma, Yuliani, M. Mutiara, I. Wayan, Koko Suryawan","doi":"10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2023.v3i2.4509","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to assess the carbon footprint associated with the consumption of LPG gas in Sami Laris Swalayan shopping center, focusing on small industries. The research investigates the environmental impact of LPG usage, emphasizing the importance of carbon emissions reduction in the context of sustainable practices. The study quantifies the annual CO2 emissions resulting from LPG gas consumption through data collection and analysis, highlighting the linear relationship between gas usage and carbon emissions. The findings provide valuable insights for the shopping center to develop mitigation strategies and promote sustainable practices for carbon footprint reduction. In addition, the research contributes to the knowledge on carbon emissions in small industries and emphasizes the need for energy-efficient measures and alternative energy sources to minimize environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":363304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125455594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}