Water Conservation and Management最新文献

{"title":"OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CALCINATED CHICKEN EGG SHELL DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE PHOTOCATALYST BASED NANOPARTICLES FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT","authors":"Yigezu Mekonnen Bayisa, Tafere Aga Bullo, Mohammed Seid Bultum","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.79.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.79.83","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, research concerning and knowledge about the external benefits of renewable raw materials have intensified the efforts for investigating the major sources, causes, and effects of wastewater from solid waste and industries or households. In this study bio-matter and low-cost photocatalyst was prepared for photodegradation on the removal of methylene blue from wastewater treatment, and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-spectrometer, and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The effects of initial concentration of methylene blue, amount of dopant, and degradation time were investigated on the percentage degradation of methylene blue using the calcinated eggshell doped titanium dioxide nanoparticle catalysts. At sufficient contact time and low initial concentration, the increment in dopant dose from 0.5 to 2.5 g/l results in an increment of methylene blue degradation efficiency, from 52.5 % to 95.8%. It was shown that a calcinating eggshell doped titanium dioxide photocatalyst method for wastewater treatment is a promising option for the degradation of methylene blue from industrial wastewater under the stated condition.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90258732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUGMENTATION OF SOLAR WATER DISTILLER PERFORMANCE WITH PV/T","authors":"Nguyen Viet Linh Le, Tri Hieu Le, Thi Minh Hao Dong, Van Vang Le, D. Tung","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.46.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.46.52","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, due to global warming and urbanization, there are many major cities that may face the challenge of day zero next decades. Obviously, water is an indispensable component for maintaining life on the earth. Although portable water is required of the hour, the quantity of available freshwater is impacted significantly by sea-level rise and pollution from industrialization. As a consequence of the global water crisis, different methods for clean water production from brackish water have been studied and developed in practice, however, the solar distillation of water is the most economical and desirable approach due to this method utilize solar energy that is the environmentally friendly and economical resource. Over the last 15 years, the impressive price drop of the photovoltaic solar collector (PV/T) makes them popular and easy to access. As a result, the employment of PV/T in solar stills is emerging as a potential device for water distillation. Therefore, in this paper, an active solar distiller combined with a photovoltaic panel has been reviewed for improvement of the distillate yield and effectiveness of solar photovoltaic. This review work presents a variety of studies on various types of solar still (for example conventional solar still (CSS), double slope solar still (DSSS), stepped solar distiller, and cascade solar still) couples with different solar water collectors (such as flat plate collector (FPC) and evacuated tubes collector (ETC)) and solar photovoltaic modules. It is obtained that the hybrid PV/T active solar still improves the distillate yield, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency as compared to passive mode. The cooling method enhances the performance of the photovoltaic solar collector as well as the productivity of solar still. Moreover, the environmental economic estimation reveals that the solar still coupled with the PV/T mitigated considerably the amount of CO2. It can be stated that it is suitable to commercialize the hybrid PV/T active solar still for supplying not only electricity but drinking water also. Finally, this review paper also suggests the scope for the research in the future.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90713090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUGARCANE BAGASSE ADSORPTION EVALUATION AND APPLICATION ON BOD AND COD REMOVAL FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER TREATMENT","authors":"Desalegn Abdissa, Ketema Beyecha","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.30.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.30.34","url":null,"abstract":"Without properly treated Wastewater released from textile industry contains organic and inorganic pollutants and causes environmental problems. Textile wastewater contains: BOD, COD, toxic heavy metals, organic and inorganic particle matter, colour and etc. The multi-component pollutions needs latest technology treatment. Butch adsorption process is one of the best selective unit operations for such treatment using organic waste material. Sugarcane bagasse was used for this experimental study in butch adsorption process. The variable affects the adsorption process are adsorbent dose changes 0.5 g to 2 g in 200mL sample, pH ranges 3 to 11 and retention time 3 to 7 days. The maximum BOD removed was 85% at 0.5 g, 3days and 8.32 dose, retention time and pH values respectively, and the maximum COD removed was 86% at 1 g, 3 days and 8.24 adsorbent dose, retention time and pH value respectively. Adsorbent dose, pH and retention time are significant factors on the competitive pollutant removal.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87097869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INADEQUATE SUPPLY OF WATER IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR OF PAKISTAN DUE TO DEPLETING WATER RESERVOIRS AND REDUNDANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM","authors":"S. Nasreen, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.13.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.13.19","url":null,"abstract":"Present study aim is to reveal current situation of water availability for agricultural productivity through factors responsible for water depletion and improper use of irrigation water. The paper discuses major problems identify future scenario and suggests making policies implementation to increase agricultural productivity in Pakistan. In Pakistan, agricultural productivity decreases due to the facts that the available natural water resources get depleted due to pollution, silting in reservoirs, leaching, salinity etc leads to water scarcity. It’s a world known fact that Pakistan is an agricultural country; however, the irrigation traditional methods used here are a major reason to decrease the yield per drop. Moreover, certain considerations like barriers to technical adaptation, farming system practices for enhancing water productivity, integrated land and water management, water logging and reclaiming irrigated lands needs to be implemented to fulfill the sufficient water supply for agricultural lands. Protection of water sources, wastewater reuse, low-cost water supply and treatment systems, impacts of farming practices, climate change effects and efficiency of water transport and distribution systems are the key points needs to execute to overcome the water scarcity problem for agriculture sector. Water governance, technology transfer and knowledge sharing are mandatory for the sustainable agricultural development.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79345866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTEGRATED APPROACH OF PHYCOREMEDIATION IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT: AN INSIGHT","authors":"Nandini Moondra, Namrata D Jariwala, Robin A Christian","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.08.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.08.12","url":null,"abstract":"Even after secondary treatment, wastewater has a high convergence of nutrients, which frequently causes eutrophication and different destructive impacts on biological systems. Wastewater treatment is a critical activity that must be considered necessary for the improvement of society. The secondary contamination of sludge formation and disposal also makes the treatment difficult. The vitality and financial amount required for tertiary treatment of wastewater remain an issue for local bodies, limiting its use for treatment. Hence, to address most of the challenges of sewage treatment, an algal-based system can be more affordable and biologically secure with the additional advantages of asset recuperation and reusing. Phycoremediation system even eliminates the need for tertiary treatment. The paper illustrates the benefits and challenges of phycoremediation, with some recent studies on microalgae as a wastewater treatment alternative along with the factors affecting the wastewater treatment through microalgae. The in-depth knowledge of the microalgal treatment in every aspect could result in an advancement to the conventional treatment process if applied in the field.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75986517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREPARATION OF NOVEL HYBRID (ALMOND SHELL AND PLEUROTUS SAJOR CAJU) BIOSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS (NICKEL AND LEAD) FROM WASTEWATER","authors":"Aneeza Abdul Sattar","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2021.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2021.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Level of contaminants (Nickel and Lead) in aquatic ecosystems has increased due to discharge of industrial effluents in water. Hence, there is a need to remove heavy metals (Nickel and Lead) from the water. For removing heavy metals from water, hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) was prepared. To prepare a novel hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) for the removal of nickel and lead from waste water the study was conducted in the department of chemistry, university of agriculture Faisalabad. The biomass was collected from local market of Chiniot. Hybrid matrix (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju) and heavy metals (Nickel and Lead) were prepared. Waste water was interacted with the developed hybrid metals (Nickel and Lead) and hybrid bio sorbent (almond shell and P.sajor caju).The maximum adsorption capacity q(mg/g) of nickel and lead obtained at l0mgL-l concentration is in the following order; hybrid biosorbent(87)>P.sajor caju(65)> almond shell(54) and hybrid biosorbent(85)>P.sajor caju(57)>almond shell(45). The maximum uptake for nickel obtained by almond shell, P.sajor caju, hybrid biosorbent (56%), (66%), (90%) for lead and (47%), (61%), (89%) for nickel. The adsorption of nickel and lead follows the 2nd order kinetic model. FTIR spectra show that there are various functional groups, active sites present in hybrid biosorbent (Almond shell and Pleurotus sajor caju). Maximum absorption of lead occurs at pH 5 and nickel at pH 3. The sorptions of heavy metals (Lead and Nickel) follow the pseudo 2nd order kinetic model. From the whole analysis it is concluded that Hybrid biosorbent calm of microbial and plant waste biomass was extremely functional in exclusion of lead and Nickel from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74046215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRUSHED CONCRETE AS ADSORPTIVE MATERIAL FOR REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATE IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS","authors":"Arega Genetie Abetu, Adisu Befekadu Kebede","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2021.58.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2021.58.64","url":null,"abstract":"The contamination of surface and groundwater with phosphate originating from industrial, agricultural and household wastewater remains a serious environmental issue in low-income countries. Currently, demolished concrete is mainly recycled as aggregate for reconstruction and conventional wastewater treatment systems for removing phosphate are expensive and complex. In this study, we were aiming at testing crushed concrete as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions, obtained from the demolition of construction site. It can reduce pollution and landfill disposal by converting construction waste into valuable products and an alternative solution for phosphate removal. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using phosphate solutions to examine the adsorption kinetic as well as equilibrium conditions. Results show that the phosphate adsorption of all absorbents follows the adsorption isotherms with a varying phosphate concentration from 3 mg/L to 18 mg/L, and the adsorption isotherms data are fitted well by Langmuir equation as compared with the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum phosphate adsorption (97.67 %) was obtained at a contact time of 120 min, an initial phosphate concentration of 10 mg/L, and a solution pH of 4. The pseudo second-order equation describes the experimental data has good agreement, with a correlation value of R2 = 0.99. The results obtained indicate that the environmentally available crushed concrete have a good adsorptive capacity for phosphate and shall be considered in future studies as test materials for phosphate removal from water in technical-scale experiment.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86593607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USING THE GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) AND REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES FOR MAPPING THE GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONES IN KG TIMBANG DAYANG, KOTA BELUD, SABAH","authors":"Z. Isnain, Siti Nadia Abd Ghaffar","doi":"10.26480/wcm.01.2020.57.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.01.2020.57.60","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for groundwater is due to several reasons such as the increment of population, agriculture, pollution, industrialization and urbanization. This study aims to map the groundwater potential zones by using the Geographical Information System (GIS) with remote sensing techniques in the study area. The study area is located at Kg Timbang Dayang and its surrounding at Kota Belud, Sabah. Eight parameters were studied that affect the occurrence of groundwater in the study area. Those parameters are obtained from existing maps, remote sensing imagery and associated databases. The parameters are; lithology, rainfall distribution, drainage density, lineament density, soil types, elevation, slope steepness and landuse. All these parameters will be used to create the thematic maps based on the given weightage values. Finally, all the thematic maps will be integrated to produce the final groundwater potential map of the study area. The groundwater potential map is classified into three categories which are low, moderate and high.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR METHYLENE BLUE REMOVAL BY ADSORPTION ONTO WATER HYACINTH","authors":"Rajnikant Prasad, K. Yadav","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2020.83.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2020.83.89","url":null,"abstract":"The release of coloured effluents from various dying industries are of great concern due to the challenge involved in the treatment process. In present work, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to predict the color removal using adsorption process. Water hyacinth (WH) was used as an economical adsorbent for color removal from aqueous solution in a batch system. The individual effect of influential parameter viz. initial pH, MB (dye) concentration, and the adsorbent dose were studied using the central composite design of RSM. The RSM result was used as an input data along with final pH (non-controllable parameter) after adsorption to train the ANN model. Color removal of 96.649% was obtained experimentally at the optimized condition. A comparison between the experimental data and model results shows a high correlation coefficient (R2RSM = 0.99 and R2ANN = 0.98) and showed that the two models predicted MB removal indicating WH can be used as an adsorbent for color removal from dye wastewater.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48060860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SCREENING RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST DROUGHT","authors":"M. Salleh, Ris Amirah Malek, R. Shahari, M. Nordin","doi":"10.26480/wcm.02.2020.78.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/wcm.02.2020.78.82","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is regarded as one of the limiting factors in rice production nationally and globally. The present study was conducted to study morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of rice genotypes to drought stress, to identify potential traits for use as a selection criterion in breeding drought-tolerant rice at seedling stage and finally to identify rice genotype resistant to drought stress for use as parents in future breeding. The experimental design used was a split-plot design with three replications, with drought stress as the main plot and rice genotypes as the sub-plot. The main plots consisted of control (normal irrigation) and drought stress. The sub-plots consisted of twelve rice genotypes namely Apami (V1), Boewani (V2), Basmati 370 (V3), Cica- 4 (V4), Dular (V5), Jarom mas (V6), Kalarata (V7), Biris (V8), Haiboq (V9), Moroberekan (V10), MR 297 (V11) and Aerob 1 (V12). Results showed that drought stress led to a decrease in plant height, leaves size, root length, total dry weight, and number of leaves but an increment in proline content. The genotype Apami and Kalarata were found to accumulate higher proline content indicating potential resistant ability towards drought stress. Dular and Aerob1, along with tolerant control genotype, Moroberekan, on the other hand, recorded a lower SES score. Leave size, root length, and plant height could also be used as a selection criterion in breeding drought-tolerant rice due to high values of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance by percentage of mean (GAM). Nevertheless, further study on the genetics and physiological basis of tolerant ability at reproductive growth stages are necessary in order to assess grain yield potential of the potentially tolerant genotype reported in this study.","PeriodicalId":36321,"journal":{"name":"Water Conservation and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43612639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}