U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Paleozoic Shale-Oil and Shale-Gas Resources in the Tarim Basin of China, 2018","authors":"C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman","doi":"10.3133/fs20193011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193011","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources within two Paleozoic organic-rich shales in the Tarim Basin of China (figs. 1 and 2): Lower Cambrian Yuertusi Formation and shales in the Middle Ordovician Series. These strata are the principal source rocks for conventional oil and gas fields in the interior of the Tarim Basin (Li and others 2018; Zhu, Chen, and others, 2018). The Tarim Basin, the largest petroleum basin in China, encompasses 563,000 square kilometers (km), and its Phanerozoic strata are as much as 16 km thick (Qiu and others, 2012). Although numerous oil and gas fields have been developed along its northern margin and in several uplifts in the basin’s interior, large parts of this remote basin remain unexplored. The USGS previously assessed the Tarim Basin’s conventional oil and gas resources (Charpentier and others, 2012). Paleozoic marine formations are currently preserved at depth and locally exposed around the basin’s periphery. They were deposited on the passive margin of the Tarim craton, a continental fragment proximal to the Gondwana margin. Since the late Paleozoic assembly of Central Asia, the Tarim Basin has been a vast nonmarine basin bounded on the south by the Tibetan Plateau and on the north by the Tien Shan. From the Carboniferous to the present, the basin’s margins have been strongly influenced by contractional deformation, including the ongoing Himalayan orogeny. This tectonic history has resulted in a relatively cool geothermal setting throughout the basin’s history; the current geothermal gradient is in the range of 20–23 degrees Celsius per km (Zhang, Huang, and others, 2015). Geologic Background","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Reggane Basin Province, Algeria, 2018","authors":"C. J. Schenk, M. Brownfield, T. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, P. Le, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, K. Marra, S. Gaswirth, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/FS20193016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193016","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous (unconventional) and conventional oil and gas resources in the Reggane Basin Province of Algeria (fig. 1). The Reggane Basin is one of a series of North African basins that achieved much of their current structural configuration through late Carboniferous−Permian (Hercynian orogen) compressional deformation (Boote and others, 1998; Coward and Ries, 2003; Badalini and others, 2009). The basin is asymmetric with a steeply dipping, structurally complex northeastern margin associated with a sedimentary section that gradually thins and shallows to the southwest. Silurian and Devonian organic-rich shales are the major petroleum source rocks in the basin (Boote and others, 1998). Organic matter in both source rocks may have reached the thermal generation window for oil during Carboniferous burial; both source rock intervals reached the gas-generation window during the Late Triassic–Jurassic (Boote and others, 1998; Logan and Duddy, 1998; Makhous and Galushkin, 2003; Zuehlke and others, 2010; Jaeger and others, 2017). Only the southwestern margin of the basin remains in the oil-generation window (Arab and Djezzar, 2011). This assessment includes an evaluation of undiscovered continuous (shale oil, shale gas, tight gas) resources and conventional oil and gas resources.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water resources of Lincoln Parish, Louisiana","authors":"V. White","doi":"10.3133/fs20193019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI): Mapping the Nation’s critical mineral resources","authors":"W. Day","doi":"10.3133/FS20193007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193007","url":null,"abstract":"The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI; formerly known as 3DEEP) is planned as a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Association of American State Geologists (AASG), and other Federal, State, and private-sector organizations. The goal of the effort is to improve our knowledge of the geologic framework in the United States and to identify areas that have the potential to contain undiscovered critical mineral resources. Enhancement of our domestic mineral supply will decrease our reliance on foreign sources of minerals that are fundamental to the Nation’s security and economy. The intent of Earth MRI is to leverage the USGS’s existing relationships with States and the private sector to conduct state-of-the-art geologic mapping and airborne geophysical and topographic (lidar) surveys. Analyses of these datasets could point to potential buried critical mineral deposits.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Missouri groundwater-level observation network","authors":"David C. Smith","doi":"10.3133/FS20193009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of continuous gas resources in the Permian Phosphoria Formation of the Southwestern Wyoming Province, Wyoming, 2019","authors":"C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, T. Finn, K. Marra, P. Le, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, M. Brownfield, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/fs20193047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193047","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3047 October 2019 Introduction The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources in organic-rich shales of the Permian Phosphoria Formation within the Southwestern Wyoming Province (fig. 1). The Phosphoria Formation represents a complex stratigraphic unit that was deposited in an oceanic embayment along the west-facing Permian continental margin (Sheldon, 1963). During Guadalupian time, cold, nutrient-rich currents from the north swept the embayment, resulting in deposition of phosphatic mudstone, organic-rich shale, and chert in what was otherwise a sediment-starved basin (Piper and Medrano, 1994; Carroll and others, 1998). The deepwater lithologies of the basin transition eastward to shallow-water shelf carbonates of the Permian Park City Formation and finally to continental red mudstone and evaporites of the Permian Goose Egg Formation. Much of the area with the deepwater facies of the Phosphoria Formation is within the Wyoming Thrust Belt Province, but there are deepwater deposits in which the Phosphoria Formation is as much as 10,000 meters (m) deep in the western part of the Southwest Wyoming Province. The purpose of this assessment is to estimate technically recoverable shale-gas resources within Phosphoria Formation shales.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of water temperature, turbidity, and rainbow trout on humpback chub population dynamics","authors":"C. Yackulic, J. B. Hull","doi":"10.3133/fs20193049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193049","url":null,"abstract":"H chub (Gila cypha Miller 1946), found only in the Colorado River Basin, was one of the first species to be given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Habitat alterations, such as changes in flow and water temperature caused by dams, and the introduction of nonnative fish have contributed to population declines in humpback chub and other native fish. These habitat alterations provide ideal conditions for the nonnative sport fish, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum 1792). Managers have long sought to balance recovery of humpback chub with a viable rainbow trout fishery. However, finding this balance requires understanding how environmental conditions and rainbow trout have affected humpback chub populations. Recent findings indicate that the Colorado River can be managed for rainbow trout while maintaining a healthy humpback chub population in Grand Canyon National Park.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2019 Disaster Relief Act: USGS recovery activities","authors":"J. Hinck, Joseph Stachyra","doi":"10.3133/fs20193066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"48 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69285150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the pulse of our Nation's rivers and streams—The U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network","authors":"S. Eberts, M. Woodside, M. Landers, C. Wagner","doi":"10.3133/FS20183081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20183081","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 1800s, John Wesley Powell, second Director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), proposed gaging the flow of rivers and streams in the Western United States to evaluate the potential for irrigation. Around the same time, several cities in the Eastern United States established primitive streamgages to help design water-supply systems. Streamgaging technology has greatly advanced since the 1800s, and USGS hydrographers have made at least one streamflow measurement at more than 37,000 sites throughout the years. Today, the USGS Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program supports the collection and (or) delivery of both streamflow and water-level information for more than 8,500 sites (continuous or partial record) and water-level information alone for more than 1,700 additional sites. The data are served online—most in near realtime—to meet many diverse needs; more than 640 million requests for streamflow information were fulfilled during the 2017 water year (October 1, 2016‒ September 30, 2017).","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of tight-oil and tight-gas resources in the Junggar and Santanghu Basins of Northwestern China, 2018","authors":"C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman","doi":"10.3133/FS20193012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193012","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources in two previously unassessed formations in northwestern China. These include an assessment of tight-oil resources in the lower Permian Lucaogou Formation (Yang and others, 2010) of the Santanghu Basin (Altay-Sayan Folded Region Province) and tight gas in the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation (Guo and others, 2014; Yang and others, 2015) in the southern part of the Junggar Basin (Junggar Basin Province) (fig. 1). Lacustrine mudstones of the Lucaogou Formation are present in several basins and intervening uplifts in northwestern China (Carroll and Wartes, 2003). Tight oil is produced from this formation in the Junggar Basin, and in 2016, the USGS completed an assessment of tight-oil and tight-gas resources in the Lucaogou of the Junggar Basin (Potter and others, 2017). Over the past 15 years in the Santanghu Basin, oil has been discovered and produced from several types of tight reservoirs in the Lucaogou Formation; this oil has apparently undergone short-distance vertical migration from interbedded organic-rich mudstone (Hackley and others, 2016). The thick Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation in the southern Junggar Basin represents a fluvial and shallow lacustrine system containing low-permeability channel sandstones interbedded with coal and carbonaceous shale. Guo and others (2014) indicate that the tight sandstone layers and lenses contain a significant gas resource sourced mainly from the coals—a geologic framework that is very similar to that of major tight-gas fields in the western United States. In the southern Junggar Basin, natural gas has been discovered in coal and shale within the Badaowan (Petromin Resources, 2009); possible resource exploration concepts include tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed gas (Guo and others, 2014). This 2018 USGS assessment focused on tight-gas resources in sandstone that are analogous to tight-gas sandstones in the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group in the Piceance Basin, Colorado (Johnson and Roberts, 2003; Cumella, 2009).","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}