Developmental Child Welfare最新文献

{"title":"Stressors, mental health and coping amongst forcibly displaced youth since the advent of COVID-19: A systematic review.","authors":"Maureen Seguin, Robin Cavagnoud, Camila Gianella, Taras Khomych, Natalia Vibla","doi":"10.1177/25161032251388295","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25161032251388295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mental health is a key issue for forcibly displaced youth. The evidence base on the mental health of youth forcibly displaced since the start of the pandemic is undefined, as well as sources of stressors and coping approaches. This systematic review aims to identify literature on the mental health of forcibly displaced youth in low- and middle-income settings, with focus on displacement since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives are to examine (1) sources of stress, (2) prevalence and covariates of common mental disorders (CMDs) and (3) coping approaches. Six databases were searched in February 2023. Search terms focused on CMDs, stress and forcibly displaced populations. Articles based on data collected after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic focused on forcibly displaced persons aged 10-29 were included. Quantitative observation and intervention studies reporting CMD prevalences and related concepts were included, as were qualitative studies about stressors and/or coping approaches. Prevalences of CMDs and covariates were tabulated. Inductive thematic coding was conducted on qualitative data on stressors and coping. Interpretation of coping data was guided by a taxonomy including problem solving, support seeking, distraction/avoidance and positive cognitive restructuring. Twenty-one articles were included. Economic issues were the most prominent source of stress and led to subsequent stressors. Depression and anxiety symptom prevalence ranged from 6.2% to 77.4% and 17.2%-32.8% respectively. Problem-solving and support seeking were the most common coping approaches. Supporting the mental health and coping approaches of this marginalised group is critical to recovery in the post-COVID era.</p>","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"7 4","pages":"251-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13043033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of academic performance in sexually abused children and potential correlates.","authors":"Arianne Jean-Thorn, Martine Hébert","doi":"10.1177/25161032241288463","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25161032241288463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with detrimental consequences in children, including lower academic performance. However, studies have rarely explored the diversity of longitudinal academic profiles among CSA victims. <b>Objectives:</b> The objectives of this study were (1) to identify trajectories of academic performance in CSA victims and (2) to explore potential correlates of these trajectories. <b>Participants and settings:</b> The study involved 738 Canadian children between the ages of 5 and 14 who had experienced CSA and their non-offending parent and their teacher. <b>Methods:</b> At three different assessment times, spaced 6 months apart, the child's teacher was invited to complete a questionnaire regarding the child's academic performance. Measures of potential correlates of the trajectories were assessed by teacher (child's behavior problems), parents (children's experience of peer victimization) and children (coping strategies). <b>Results:</b> The three-trajectory model was selected as the final model. The <i>High functioning</i> trajectory (42%) included children who exhibited high academic performance at the first assessment but decreased slightly over time. The <i>Low and Increasing</i> trajectory (16%) identified children whose academic results were initially low but improved over time. Finally, the <i>Moderate and Stable</i> trajectory (42%) comprised children with an average academic performance over time. Compared to the other two groups, children in the <i>High functioning</i> trajectory were less likely to report peer victimization and show externalizing and internalizing behavior problems as assessed by caregiver and teacher. They were also younger and living in more socially and economically advantaged backgrounds. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results emphasize the crucial role of available resources in a child's environment and their protective effect on their academic adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"6 3-4","pages":"164-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13029556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the COVID-19 measures on the lives of unaccompanied refugee minors","authors":"Roman Trenson, J. Vanderfaeillie, Camille Verheyden, Lenny Trogh, F. Van Holen","doi":"10.1177/25161032241244796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032241244796","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Recent research found that the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures to contain it had a largely negative impact on well-being. In addition, a vast number of studies have shown significantly increased levels of traumatization and behavioural problems amongst URM, pointing out the vulnerability of this population. This study aimed at evaluating both the adaptive functioning and life satisfaction of URM, as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life satisfaction. Methods:101 URM completed the questionnaires. Results: URM had higher levels of trauma symptoms (t(100) = 8.69; p < .001) and more behavioural problems (t(100) = 6.83; p < .001) as compared to Belgian peers. Nevertheless, we did find higher levels of resilience (t(100) = 2.33; p < .05) amongst our sample. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted both experiences and satisfaction across all life domains. Conclusions: These findings all point out that the development of URM is at risk even after arrival in the host country and that the likelihood of mental health problems is high also in the host country. Offering professional mental healthcare and facilitating social bonds and integration is important. In addition, given the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on wellbeing, extra attention and support should go out to more vulnerable populations, such as URM, during times of (inter)national crisis.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140763044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparedness for adulthood among young adults with histories of out-of-home care","authors":"Michelle R. Munson, Jennifer Murayama, Heather Taussig","doi":"10.1177/25161032241242134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032241242134","url":null,"abstract":"Young adults with histories of out-of-home care (OOHC) have poor early adult outcomes. Transitioning to adulthood takes preparation, coupled with support and resources. Few studies have examined these young adults’ perceptions of what helped them prepare for adulthood and how prepared they perceived they were to make the developmental transition to adulthood. This convergent mixed methods study builds knowledge surrounding preparedness among a sample of young adults with histories in OOHC ( N = 204). The study progressed in three phases. First, quantitative measures of preparedness were examined related to five critical areas of young adulthood: (1) employment, (2) education/training, (3) health care, (4) housing and (5) managing money. Results indicated that youth felt more prepared to manage their money and pursue employment than they felt prepared in the other areas. The second phase focused on qualitative interview data. Participants were asked, “What has been the most helpful thing in preparing you to live as an adult?” Open-ended responses were audiotaped, listened to by analysts, transcribed, and de-identified. Qualitative analysis followed a series of steps, centering constant comparison. Six themes (with sub-themes) emerged from the analysis of the data, namely (1) Forced independence; (2) The instructive role of mistakes; (3) Programs and services; (4) Family support; (5) Structure; and (6) Role models. Finally, analysts compared results of the quantitative and qualitative data and noted the data were convergent in suggesting that young adults feel somewhat more prepared around employment, managing money, and finances, in comparison to other areas. Implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"108 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of attachment and trauma training for children’s social care teams","authors":"Siana Fflur, Rebecca Pepper, Katherine Donnelly, Samantha Halstead, Kirsty Campbell, Lynn McDonnell","doi":"10.1177/25161032241230977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032241230977","url":null,"abstract":"Embedding attachment- and trauma-informed knowledge and skills throughout the services that support children and families who have experienced developmental trauma is vital to meeting the needs of this population. The current pilot study provides provisional data regarding the impact of training delivered by the Gwent Attachment Service to increase awareness and use of attachment- and trauma-informed working across social care teams within Gwent. The training package comprised two-days’ training plus six skill development sessions (SDS) delivered to 274 staff within 21 social care teams within Gwent. Staff self-rated their knowledge of, confidence in, and worries about working in an attachment- and trauma-informed way at three time points; pre-training, post-training and post-skill sessions. Statistical analyses revealed significant increases in staff knowledge and confidence pre-post training, plus a significant decrease in worries pre-post training. Whilst a significant decrease in knowledge and confidence, and significant increase in worries was seen between post-training to post-SDS, the final post-SDS ratings remained significantly improved compared to pre-training. Whilst preliminary given the current study limitations, such findings suggest that the current training and SDS programme successfully improved and maintained knowledge, confidence and level of worry regarding attachment- and trauma-informed working. They also demonstrate the feasibility of National Health Service-based teams delivering such training to improve the service offered to children and families affected by developmental trauma, in keeping with the values of prudent healthcare and taking a whole-systems approach to addressing the needs of this population.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"43 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139845301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of attachment and trauma training for children’s social care teams","authors":"Siana Fflur, Rebecca Pepper, Katherine Donnelly, Samantha Halstead, Kirsty Campbell, Lynn McDonnell","doi":"10.1177/25161032241230977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032241230977","url":null,"abstract":"Embedding attachment- and trauma-informed knowledge and skills throughout the services that support children and families who have experienced developmental trauma is vital to meeting the needs of this population. The current pilot study provides provisional data regarding the impact of training delivered by the Gwent Attachment Service to increase awareness and use of attachment- and trauma-informed working across social care teams within Gwent. The training package comprised two-days’ training plus six skill development sessions (SDS) delivered to 274 staff within 21 social care teams within Gwent. Staff self-rated their knowledge of, confidence in, and worries about working in an attachment- and trauma-informed way at three time points; pre-training, post-training and post-skill sessions. Statistical analyses revealed significant increases in staff knowledge and confidence pre-post training, plus a significant decrease in worries pre-post training. Whilst a significant decrease in knowledge and confidence, and significant increase in worries was seen between post-training to post-SDS, the final post-SDS ratings remained significantly improved compared to pre-training. Whilst preliminary given the current study limitations, such findings suggest that the current training and SDS programme successfully improved and maintained knowledge, confidence and level of worry regarding attachment- and trauma-informed working. They also demonstrate the feasibility of National Health Service-based teams delivering such training to improve the service offered to children and families affected by developmental trauma, in keeping with the values of prudent healthcare and taking a whole-systems approach to addressing the needs of this population.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"110 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139785426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative risk exposure is associated with increased risk for PTSD but not depression or anxiety. Results from a UK clinical sample of children and adolescents","authors":"David Turgoose, Simon Wilkinson, M. Shevlin, T. Karatzias","doi":"10.1177/25161032241230980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032241230980","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood adversity can include traumatic experiences and exposure to other risk factors; consistently predicting poorer psychosocial outcomes in adulthood. Relatively little research has investigated the impact of cumulative risk exposure in childhood. Using data collected in a specialist clinical setting, we investigated the associations between risk exposure, psychopathology and psychosocial functioning. Participants were children attending the Attachment and Trauma service at Great Ormond Street Hospital in London ( N = 132, M = 10.25, SD = 3.35). Data was collected via routine clinical practice during multi-disciplinary assessments. Data was collected on developmental and trauma history, psychopathology, and functioning (CGAS), using standardised measures, clinical interviews, and observations. All children had experienced at least one risk factor, with 78% reporting multiple exposures, including witnessing interpersonal violence (52%), neglect (48%), and physical abuse (42%). Other risk exposures included exposure to alcohol (17%) and substances (24%) in-utero, as well as social risk factors such as multiple foster placements in some cases. In this sample, 65% of children met criteria for at least one psychiatric diagnosis (Anxiety = 31%, PTSD = 28%, Depression = 8%). High levels of functional impairment were found, with 52% of children falling into the highest categories of ‘obvious’ or ‘severe’ problems. Multiple risk exposure significantly predicted PTSD (OR 9.64 (1.1, 83.7)), but did not predict anxiety, depression, or functional impairment. This study highlights the rates of cumulative risk exposure in this clinical sample. The findings demonstrate the importance of detailed and accurate clinical assessments in ascertaining trauma histories in children with known histories of adversity and maltreatment. There are implications for assessment and treatment, such as the importance of clear guidelines on treating PTSD in children with complex trauma histories.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"527 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placement stability and family support after government-mandated rapid return: A two-year follow-up","authors":"N. Wilke, Delia Pop, A. H. Howard","doi":"10.1177/25161032231219268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231219268","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple governments around the world implemented directives that mandated residential care providers to rapidly reunite thousands of children and youth with their families. Organizations were faced with expedited timelines for the reunification process, limited ability to prepare children and families, and restricted capacity to support and monitor families in-person due to lockdown measures. As such, there was significant concern regarding stability of placements, and well-being of the children and families affected by the abrupt and unprepared reunification process. This study examined data from 16 non-government organizations (NGOs) impacted by rapid return mandates in six nations (Kenya, Uganda, India, Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Mexico). NGOs were serving 15,978 children in residential care at the time of the mandates. NGOs had an average of 21.87 days ( SD = 9.87) to return children to families. Most NGOs felt children and families were inadequately prepared for reunification. After two years, NGOs were in contact with 90% of the children who had been rapidly returned. Of those children, 56% remained in their family placement. Families who received more types of family strengthening services were more likely to remain intact. Concerningly, 2 years following the rapid return mandates, the NGOs in this study were collectively serving a higher number of children in residential care than prior to rapid return mandates. This suggests that rapid return mandates did not seem to decrease the number of children in residential care long-term. Data-informed recommendations for practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoptive parents’ satisfaction with child and adolescent mental services and their mental health concerns over time: A question of fit?","authors":"Matt Woolgar, Carmen Pinto, Rafael A. González","doi":"10.1177/25161032231221727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231221727","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about adoptive parents’ experiences of and satisfaction with statutory child and adolescent mental services (CAMHS) in the UK, nor of parental concerns about their adopted children’s mental health and well-being. Ninety-eight adoptive parents completed an online survey about their satisfaction with services as well as their mental health concerns for their child currently and retrospectively at the point of adoption. Parental concerns were diverse, and many overlapped with issues that CAMHS could normally help with. Attachment was the primary concern initially, but this decreased over time in placement; while challenging behaviour was the highest rated current concern, along with aspects of general functioning such as peer relations, social skills and education. Unexpectedly, trauma was a relatively low concern at both timepoints. There were very high levels of dissatisfaction with CAMHS, evident across questions of access, engagement and quality of services, all at levels much higher than typically reported by general samples. Adoptive parents’ substantial dissatisfaction with CAMHS occurred despite an apparent fit between many parental concerns and the kinds of services typically offered in CAMHS. There remains a significant challenge to develop a shared understanding between parents and services of adopted children’s needs, especially given the absence of data about adopted children’s mental health and wellbeing problems.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"44 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting for foster children","authors":"Delphine West, Lara Stas, F. Van Holen, Laura Gypen, J. Vanderfaeillie","doi":"10.1177/25161032231220922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032231220922","url":null,"abstract":"Foster children are at risk for developing disorganized attachment relationships (Van den Dries et al., 2009; Vasileva & Petermann, 2018) and behavioural problems (Goemans et al., 2015; Vanschoonlandt et al., 2012). Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline – Foster Care/Adoption (VIPP-FC/A) is an intervention aimed at improving sensitive parenting in order to promote secure attachment relations and reduce behavioural problems. In this study, a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was used in order to examine the effectiveness of VIPP-FC/A in a Flemish foster care sample ( n = 100), using questionnaires at three measurement moments. The hypothesis was that VIPP-FC/A would increase foster mothers’ sensitive parenting and decrease the externalizing behavioural problems and insecure attachment behaviour of the foster children and parenting stress of the foster mothers. The intervention effects on these four outcome variables were analysed by constructing four multilevel models. After controlling for the baseline measurement, there was no significant main effect of condition for sensitive parenting, externalizing problems, insecure attachment behaviour and parenting stress. There was however a significant effect of condition and age on insecure attachment behaviour: within the group of youngest foster children (under 30 months), children in the intervention group scored lower insecure attachment scores than children in the control group. Additionally, there was a significant effect of condition and type of foster care on externalizing behaviour problems. In the group of children placed in kinship foster care, children in the intervention group had lower external behavior scores than children in the control group.","PeriodicalId":36239,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Child Welfare","volume":"10 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138584585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}