Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya最新文献_第6页

Структура и размещение сети горнолыжных комплексов Большого Урала 大乌拉尔山脉综合体的结构和部署

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.31857/s2587556620020181

Александр Иванович Зырянов, Дина Ивановна Шилова

{"title":"Структура и размещение сети горнолыжных комплексов Большого Урала","authors":"Александр Иванович Зырянов, Дина Ивановна Шилова","doi":"10.31857/s2587556620020181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587556620020181","url":null,"abstract":"Ski specialization of the Urals is becoming more and more noticeable. This tourist-recreational sphere develops in the wooded areas of the Mid Ural, Southern Ural and surroundings. Traditions established during the Soviet period, a significant proportion of urban and highly educated population, suitable natural resources, location of the large industrial cities in the Ural Mountains are factors contributing to the development of this service sector. Since the activities of ski resorts are highly dependent on a variety of conditions and components (geomorphological, climatic, landscape-ecological, positional, transportation, infrastructure, service, etc.), the methodology of their research must consider the numerous characteristics. Among the one hundred of ski resorts currently operating in 11 regions of the Urals, three-quarters are located fairly dispersed in four regions: Perm krai, Sverdlovsk oblast, Chelyabinsk oblast and in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Perm krai is the leader in the Urals by the number of ski resorts. Almost half of all ski centers in the Perm krai are located near Perm, but the largest complexes are located further 150 km from the regional center in the Middle Urals. Small enterprises are in the southern part of the region within the boundaries of non-central cities and in rural areas. Within the main cities of the Greater Urals, there are 9 ski resorts providing daily services, 25 are in the 10-60-kilometer zone from the capitals. The largest number of ski resorts (46) refers to those located at a distance from the administrative centers of the regions, but geographically tied to cities of considerable size. In rural areas of the Urals, 14 resorts operate. The geographical features of the ski resorts’ network compel us to consider this activity as one of the main future sectors of tourism in the Urals.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85834677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Изменения речного стока Волги в низовьях под воздействием природно-антропогенных факторов (ХХ–ХХI вв.)

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.31857/s2587556620020156

Анна Алексеевна Токарева, Г. В. Кутлусурина, Пётр Иванович Бухарицин

引用次数: 0

Transport сonnection and development of the eastern regions of Russia 俄罗斯东部地区的交通连接与发展

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-12-17 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019635-52

A. Neretin, M. Zotova, A. Lomakina, S. Tarkhov

{"title":"Transport сonnection and development of the eastern regions of Russia","authors":"A. Neretin, M. Zotova, A. Lomakina, S. Tarkhov","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019635-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019635-52","url":null,"abstract":"Paper analyzes the internal and external connection of passenger transport systems in the Eastern regions of Russia. Key regions with medium and low levels of development are Krasnoyarsk krai, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), and Magadan oblast. These regions differ from each other by the situation in the State Transport System and are characterized by significant intra-regional differences in the level and nature of transport connection. Analysis of transport connection and isolation is based on the authors methodology. The proposed approach includes not only analysis of statistics, frequency, time costs and tariffs for all types of passenger transport in the regions, but also qualitative sociological methods in-depth interviews with passengers and employees of transport terminals. The differences in accessibility of the main settlements of the regions are determined. Low regularity of communication, absence of alternatives along many routes, episodic and insufficient reliability of transport due to seasonality, and important role of shadow forms of transport services were revealed in public transport systems of studied regions.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78370859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

“New” rural settlements – former urban-type settlements “新”农村聚落——原城镇聚落

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-12-17 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019618-34

A. S. Chuchkalov, A. I. Alekseev

{"title":"“New” rural settlements – former urban-type settlements","authors":"A. S. Chuchkalov, A. I. Alekseev","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019618-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019618-34","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1920s, when the notion of urban-type settlement (UTS) was introduced in Russia, and until the 1980s the number of UTSs was constantly increasing. But since the 1990s, their rapid decline began, and by 2019 more than a third of them were transformed into rural settlements. In this article, the authors try to find out what the new villages the former UTSs are; where they are located; what their functions (largely lost) are, and what the specific features of their population are. From 1989 to 2010, the processes of transformation of UTSs into rural settlements administratively increased rural population of Russia by 2.4 mln people and held back the growth of the urban population share, which increased only slightly from 73.4 to 73.7%. When comparing the census data of 1989 and 2010 in many regions, the administrative ruralization radically changed the dynamics of the population: instead of a real decrease in the number of rural residents, Census-2010 showed the increase of rural population. Former UTSs are losing population more rapidly than the rural areas of their municipal districts, and the most intensive outflow is in logging settlements, centers of construction and colonies-settlements. The average population size of the former UTSs is minimal in the North of European Russia and the Far North, and maximum in the European South and in the Ural-Volga area, where the former UTSs-district centers are mostly concentrated, in which change of their status was purely formal.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76834017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

People and money: incomes, consumption and financial behavior of the population of the Russian regions in 2000–2017 人与钱:2000-2017年俄罗斯地区人口的收入、消费和金融行为

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-5566201953-17

Н.В. Зубаревич, С.Г. Сафронов

{"title":"People and money: incomes, consumption and financial behavior of the population of the Russian regions in 2000–2017","authors":"Н.В. Зубаревич, С.Г. Сафронов","doi":"10.31857/s2587-5566201953-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-5566201953-17","url":null,"abstract":"Macroeconomic dynamics affects incomes of regions population and level of poverty: positive shifts in the distribution of regions in relation to these indicators slowed down in the 2010s and were replaced by a negative shift (more apparent in poverty rate) during the crisis of 20142017. Income dynamics had a stronger effect on consumption structure and less on population financial behavior. The share of food expenditures is declined in all regions until the 2014 crisis; the most developed regions have the lowest percentage. Structural shift in expenditures in favor of durable goods, including housing, is far from complete in most regions. The increase in the share of expenditures for services is largely due to the growth of tariffs for public utility services. Regional differences are small, with the exception of the Far North regions. The share of spending on human capital reproduction is low and varies slightly between regions. The population of rich regions prefers to spend money on recreation and entertainment, but these expenses are shrunken during the last crisis. Individuals' savings behavior is mostly developed in the largest federal cities. Overdue loans are higher in underdeveloped republics and in resource-producing regions, whose population seeks to maintain the level of consumption using loans. The main factor in change structure of consumption and financial behavior is the population incomes, but demographic, settlement and institutional factors must be considered to explain regional differences.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84087339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Renewal of small cities in European Russia (case study of Borovichi, Vyksa, Rostov) 俄罗斯欧洲小城市的更新(以波罗维奇、维克萨、罗斯托夫为例)

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019518-31

M. Gunko, М С Гунько, G. Pivovar, Г А Пивовар, K. Averkieva, К В Аверкиева

{"title":"Renewal of small cities in European Russia (case study of Borovichi, Vyksa, Rostov)","authors":"M. Gunko, М С Гунько, G. Pivovar, Г А Пивовар, K. Averkieva, К В Аверкиева","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019518-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019518-31","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is aimed at the analysis of local development with a focus on the renewal processes in small cities of European Russia. Renewal refers to the introduction of positive changes trough re-opening and re-imagining existing urban areas. Due to the lack of adequate statistical data, we access renewal using a qualitative approach, through the analysis of the material form the cityscape, which is not only an indicator of the socio-economic situation in the city but also helps to understand the distribution of power relations within it. Empirical data were obtained in three small single-industry towns located remote from major centres Borovichi (Novgorod oblast), Vyksa (Nizhny Novgorod oblast), Rostov (Yaroslavl oblast). The results of the study suggest that the zone of transformation, successful emergence of the new and change of the old in small cities, is each time unique. Transformation occurs since cities are in search of their own way out of the structural crisis, struggling not only to provide the economic minimum but also to change the cityscape and everyday life. The main actors of this process are private from large to small business, as well as the local communities. While the role of the local administration due to the lack of resources is, most often, restricted to creating a functioning communication platform to address the interests of the main actors.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76182395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Estimation of noise pollution of Irkutsk by automobile transport 伊尔库茨克市汽车交通噪声污染评价

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-556620195111-120

S. Novikova

引用次数: 1

Influence of climate on radial growth of scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) In different habitats of Meshchera lowland 气候对苏格兰松径向生长的影响在Meshchera低地的不同栖息地

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019567-77

O. S. Zheleznova, О С Железнова, S. A. Tobratov, С.А. Тобратов

{"title":"Influence of climate on radial growth of scots pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) In different habitats of Meshchera lowland","authors":"O. S. Zheleznova, О С Железнова, S. A. Tobratov, С.А. Тобратов","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019567-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019567-77","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the patterns of radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in various topoecological conditions of the Meshchera lowland (Ryazan region, the East European plain). The generalized tree-ring chronologies are constructed for 16 habitats differing in features of a relief of a day surface and a bedrock surface. Despite the relatively low-contrast relief of Meshchera, the average radial pine increment within the study area differs by 2.5 times (1.53.9 mm per year). The correlation and cluster analyses revealed that the key factor influencing the width of annual tree rings of pine is the amount of the available soil moisture. Its surplus (in wetlands) and deficiency (in conditions of sandy outliers) negatively affects the radial pine increment. It is established that in the waterlogged habitats positive correlation of the radial pine increment with temperature and negative with precipitation of autumn of the previous year is observed. The positive correlation of the radial increment with precipitation of autumn, May and with winter temperature is typical for a pine from arid habitats. The negative relationship between the pines growth and amount of precipitation and river discharge may occur with a lag of 14 years in conditions of wetlands. The positive relationship of the radial pine increment with the integral parameters of the current years moisture is more significant in conditions of relatively high hydrodynamics (for example, in conditions of sandy outliers).","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91224858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The image of Kazakhstan in Russia in the media 哈萨克斯坦在俄罗斯媒体中的形象

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019532-42

Z. Y. Tokbulatova, Ж Е Токбулатова

{"title":"The image of Kazakhstan in Russia in the media","authors":"Z. Y. Tokbulatova, Ж Е Токбулатова","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019532-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019532-42","url":null,"abstract":"The article is concerned with the revealing and comparing of particular images of Kazakhstan formed by five Russian print media (Kommersant, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Sovetskaya Rossiya, Novaya Gazeta and Zavtra), supposedly covering the most of existing ideological and political preferences. The research is based on the database of articles collected using deep content analysis of the newspapers over two focus years (2001 and 2016). The differences in newspapers target audience determine the lack of common motives within proper images (in 2001 they shared only the differently interpreted motive of power concentration and in 2016 all highlighted the problems associated with the state development). At the same time, all newspapers showed the overall decline in interest to Kazakhstan and concurrent impoverishment of its image as well as the tendency to softening its negative aspects. While in 2001 Kazakhstans discourse in chosen newspapers was diverse, if not conflicting, at 2016 we witnessed either erosion of image (Sovetskaya Rossiya and Navaya Gazeta) or its reduction to an integral part of Russian responsibilitys space or Russias important partner within the EAEU (Kommersant, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Zavtra). Among the chosen newspapers only Kommersant contributes to the formation of considered multifaceted perceptions of the state, which add up to relatively solid image, whereas in general Kazakhstan appears to be a mental unexplored country.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79332457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monitoring of CO2 fluxes on Svalbard: land use alters the gas exchange in the arctic tundra 监测斯瓦尔巴群岛的二氧化碳通量:土地利用改变了北极冻土带的气体交换

Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya Pub Date : 2019-11-02 DOI: 10.31857/s2587-55662019556-66

D. Karelin, E. Zazovskaya, V. Shishkov, A. Dolgikh, A. Sirin, G. Suvorov, A. Azovsky, N. Osokin

{"title":"Monitoring of CO2 fluxes on Svalbard: land use alters the gas exchange in the arctic tundra","authors":"D. Karelin, E. Zazovskaya, V. Shishkov, A. Dolgikh, A. Sirin, G. Suvorov, A. Azovsky, N. Osokin","doi":"10.31857/s2587-55662019556-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019556-66","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarized the results of long-term observations (20142018) of soil emissions and net CO2 fluxes (20172018) in natural and anthropogenically modified (AI) ecosystems of Arctic tundra on the territory of the archipelago of Svalbard (Barentsburg, 7804N, 1413E). Anthropogenic controls associated with local land use, during the period of their active impact may redouble the emissions of carbon dioxide from soil (0.111 0.021 0.064 0.011 gС m2h1). During the same period, the net C-balance at the sites with active land use is estimated as a source to the atmosphere. Self-recovering after human influence plots (II) demonstrate intermediate values of soil emissions of СО2 between unaffected tundra (I) and plots with active land use (III). With that they demonstrate the greatest net C-sink within the observed range of Photosynthetically Active Radiation as compared to (I) and (III). At the height of the vegetation period unaffected tundra ecosystems demonstrate a neutral net C-balance. The greatest contribution to soil emissions variance make spatial controls (they explain 5666% of variance), whereas temporal factors are responsible for 3.85.5% only. Amongst spatial controls, the thickness of organogenic layer makes the greatest contribution. Inter-annual fluctuations of key factors, among which the most important are the soil moisture and temperature of the upper soil layer, both affect AI and natural ecosystems hence the spatial differences between them remain constant from year to year. According to preliminary estimates, unlike the carbon dioxide, the contribution of methane and nitrous oxide net fluxes in local ecosystems is insignificant and does not depend on human land use.","PeriodicalId":36197,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Geograficheskaya","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82370898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2