{"title":"Robust pseudo-random fiducial marker for indoor localization","authors":"Alexandros Stathakis, E. Petriu","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058524","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a reliable fiducial marker system that is based on Pseudo-Random Arrays. The marker system describes a planar surface that specifies multi-bit information, which can be efficiently detected in a color image. It provides excellent robustness to occlusion through the use of two digital encoding techniques, Cyclic Redundancy Check and Reed Solomon Error Correction. In environments where color coding is feasible, an estimate of the camera pose relative to the marker can be obtained in a single image. The System relies on a low resolution camera and thus provides real-time results suitable for indoor localization applications.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121587382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of flatness control for a multi-axis robot manipulator: An experimental approach","authors":"M. Allouache, M. Lowenberg, D. Wagg","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058539","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the results of research conducted on designing, modelling and controlling an electro-mechanical robot manipulator that serves as a sensing and motion system for hybrid testing. The conceptual design was inspired by the Stewart Platform mechanism for a two-degree-of-freedom (2DoF) moving platform. This design resulted in non-linear kinematics, coupled dynamics and an inertial moving platform that attracted model-based control strategies. A novel control technique based on differential geometric flatness was successfully implemented on this manipulator to simultaneously achieve linearisation, decoupling and asymptotic tracking. Simulation results demonstrated the validity of the proposed approach that established a robust control formulation resulting in perfect trajectory tracking at different excitation conditions. For the experimental implementation, the actuator time-delays was compensated for using forward prediction algorithms based on a fourth-order polynomial extrapolation. This compensation demonstrated a well synchronised control signal at varying frequencies.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115850521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humanoid hearing: A novel three-dimensional approach","authors":"F. Keyrouz","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058527","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key features of the human auditory system, is its nearly constant omni-directional sensitivity, e.g., the system reacts to alerting signals coming from a direction away from the sight of focused visual attention. In many surveillance situations where visual attention completely fails since the robot cameras have no direct line of sight with the sound sources, the ability to estimate the direction of the sources of danger relying on sound becomes extremely important. We present in this paper a novel method for sound localization of a static sound source in azimuth and elevation using a humanoid head equipped with two small microphones inserted into its artificial ear canals. We also tackle the moving sound source tracking problem. This new localization system demonstrated high precision in 3D and enabled a low-complexity implementation on the humanoid DSP platform.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126005074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observers for linear distributed-parameter systems: A survey","authors":"Z. Hidayat, Robert Babuška, B. Schutter, A. Núñez","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058523","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews different observer design methods for linear dynamic distributed-parameter systems. In such systems, the states, inputs, and outputs depend on some spatial variable. This dependence, along with additional aspects such as the boundary conditions, increase the complexity of the state estimation problem and of the design methods. The paper in particular surveys observers for first-order and second-order linear distributed-parameter systems based on their infinite-dimensional and finite-dimensional descriptions.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127527028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incremental, orthorectified and loop-independent mosaicking of aerial images taken by micro UAVs","authors":"S. Yahyanejad, M. Quaritsch, B. Rinner","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058531","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we survey thoroughly the problem of orthorectified and incremental image mosaicking of a sequence of aerial images taken from low-altitude micro aerial vehicles. Most of existing approaches have been exploiting the global optimization (in presence of a loop in the image sequences) to distribute and/or metadata to mitigate the accumulating stitching error. However, the resulting mosaic can be improved if the errors are diminished by studying their sources. Mostly the UAV aerial image mosaicking is affected by the following three important sources of error: i) a weak homography as a result of using unleveled ground control points (GCPs) for image registration, ii) a poor camera calibration and image rectification, and iii) deficiency of a well-defined projection model (cylindrical, planar, etc) and consequently an inappropriate transformation model. We investigate the influences of using a depth map to find the features from the same plane, geometric distortion correction and combining the appropriate choice of projection and transformation model for the mosaicking. We further quantify the improvement of orthorectification in mosaics by mitigating those errors and demonstrate the improvement on real-world mosaics.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126527566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust speed control of a spherical robot using ARX uncertain modeling","authors":"M. Kamaldar, M. Mahjoob, H. Alizadeh","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058538","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation of spherical robots with constant speed along a straight or curved path is investigated in this paper. A spherical robot driven by motors with constant speed will not necessarily move with constant linear speed. To overcome this problem, one must find a specific velocity function as the motors input which yields a constant linear speed for the robot. The nonlinearity which hides in the dynamics of the robot makes it behave differently at different motor (input) velocities. Therefore, a robust controller is needed to grant desirable performance at different speeds. Here, using ARX (Auto-Regressive Exogenous) modeling the uncertainties are modeled in order to design a robust controller. The models have been verified by experiments. Simulations performed on the controlled system support the proposed design.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121805334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immersive virtual environment for mobile platform remote operation and exploration","authors":"J. Fournier, M. Mokhtari, B. Ricard","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058534","url":null,"abstract":"These days, robotic platforms are commonly used in operational conditions where manned operations are not practical, not cost-effective or too dangerous. Those robotic devices rely heavily on remote operations using imagery acquired by on-board sensors that provide quite limited situational awareness to the user. In difficult scenarios, this lack of good situational awareness could lead to the failure of the mission. This paper presents a new concept currently in development that will improve situational awareness of the remote platform operator through an immersive virtual environment. The system uses an immersive chamber (CAVE) in which the operator is able to visualize and interact with an avatar of a robot evolving in a 3D model of its area of operation. The 3D model is incrementally built from the remote platform sensor feeds and provides “persistent data” to the user. This paper presents the first phase of the work which involves the development of a concept demonstration prototype. The implementation uses a robot simulator instead of a real world robot in order to rapidly be able to evaluate the concept and perform experiments. The tools developed in simulation will serve as the base for further developments and support the transition to a real robotic platform.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131639380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zug, Christoph Steup, André Dietrich, Kyrylo Brezhnyev
{"title":"Design and implementation of a small size robot localization system","authors":"S. Zug, Christoph Steup, André Dietrich, Kyrylo Brezhnyev","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058536","url":null,"abstract":"The position of a mobile robot can be determined very precise today. A large number of high level sensor systems in combination with processing algorithms running on powerful hardware can provide (nearly) every requirement. But in case of limited financial and computational resources new approaches beside laser scanners and stereo cameras are necessary. In this paper we propose a localization system motivated by RoboCup Junior competitions but also suitable for similar applications. The paper describes the theoretical investigation of a multi sensor system, based on this the implementation with real hardware and its validation.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133251680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An improved Artificial Potential Field approach to real-time mobile robot path planning in an unknown environment","authors":"J. Sfeir, M. Saad, H. Saliah-Hassane","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058518","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the navigation of a mobile robot in an unknown environment. The approach developed is based on the Artificial Potential Field (APF) method in which the target creates a virtual potential that attracts the robot while obstacles create a virtual potential that repels the robot. A new form of repelling potential is proposed in order to reduce oscillations and to avoid conflicts when the target is close to obstacles. A rotational force is integrated as well, allowing for a smoother trajectory around the obstacles. Experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117308312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving alignment of faces for recognition","authors":"Md. Kamrul Hasan, C. Pal","doi":"10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROSE.2011.6058545","url":null,"abstract":"Face recognition systems for uncontrolled environments often work through an alignment, feature extraction, and recognition pipeline. Effective alignment of faces is thus crucial as can be an entry point in the process and poor alignments can greatly affect recognition performance. The task of alignment is particularly difficult when a face comes from highly unconstrained environments or so called faces in the wild. A lot of recent research activity has focused on faces in the wild and even simple similarity or affine transformations have proven both effective and essential to achieving state of the art performance. In this paper we explore a straightforward, fast and effective approach to aligning faces based on detecting facial landmarks using Haar-like image features and a cascade of boosted classifiers. Our approach is reminiscent of widely used face detection approaches, but focused on much more detailed features of a face such eye centres, the nose tip and corners of the mouth. This process generates multiple candidates for each landmark and we present a fast and effective filtering strategy allowing us to find sets of landmarks that are consistent. Our experiments show that this approach can outperform contemporary methods and easily fits into popular processing pipelines for faces in the wild.","PeriodicalId":361472,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE)","volume":"580 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123072866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}