Environment and Ecology Research最新文献

{"title":"Amelioration of Abiotic Stress and Climate Change Resilience in Chickpea","authors":"Patra L. R., Masih S. A., Maxton A.","doi":"10.60151/envec/umkm6878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/umkm6878","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea, an important legume crop high in protein mostly grown under rainfed circumstances in arid and semi-arid climates, where it is extremely subject to abiotic stresses like drought, terminal stress, temperature, water logging at different growth stages throughout the season linked to severe yield losses, particularly when the crop is subjected to unfavorable conditions during the reproductive period, leading to instability in chickpea production around the world. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the strategies employed for ameliorating abiotic stress and enhancing climate change resilience in chickpea. It examines the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of chickpea plants to abiotic stress and explores the underlying mechanisms involved in stress tolerance. The review highlights the importance of understanding the genetic basis of stress tolerance traits and emphasizes the potential for genetic improvement through breeding and genetic engineering approaches. It examines the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of chickpea plants to abiotic stress and explores the underlying mechanisms involved in stress tolerance. It discusses the identification of stress-responsive genes, proteins, and metabolites, which can serve as potential targets for crop improvement and the development of stress-tolerant chickpea varieties. In conclusion, this comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the amelioration of abiotic stress and climate change resilience in chickpea. It synthesizes current knowledge, identifies research gaps, and offers practical recommendations for sustainable chickpea production under challenging environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect Pest Complex on Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis L.) and their Correlation with Weather Parameters in Medziphema, Nagaland","authors":"Rongsentula Longchar, Pankaj Neog, Waluniba ., Imtinaro L.","doi":"10.60151/envec/xpdg5117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/xpdg5117","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted to study the insect pest complex and their incidence on cauliflower during rabi season of 2021-2022 in the Entomological farm, SASRD, Medziphema, Nagaland. Fourteen insect pests were found to attack the crop at different stages of crop growth. Out of these, Green peach aphid, Myzus persicae and Cabbage butterfly, Pieris spp. were considered as major insect pests of cauliflower. The peak population of Green peach aphid (8.74 aphids/leaf) and Cabbage butterfly (4.10 larva /plant) was observed on 17th December and 12th February, respectively. The population of Myzus persicae showed a non-significant negative relation with maximum (r = -0.320) and minimum (r = -0.311) temperature, while positive relation with maximum (r = 0.028) and minimum (r = 0.249) relative humidity as well as rainfall (r = 0.021). The population of Pieris spp. showed a non-significant negative correlation with maximum (r = -0.484) temperature, whereas a significant negative correlation was observed with minimum (r = -0.550) temperature. Correlation of relative humidity with the incidence of Pieris spp. exhibited a non-significant negative correlation with maximum (r = -0.078) and minimum (r = -0.162) relative humidity, while rainfall exhibited a non-significant positive correlation (r = 0.235).","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Resources using Sen’s Multi Objective Programming (MOP) Model for Potato Growers of Nalanda District, Bihar","authors":"Suman Kumari, Mukesh Maurya","doi":"10.60151/envec/swcp7346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/swcp7346","url":null,"abstract":"An appropriate resource use planning is required for the development of farming sector. Increasing income, employment with lesser use of irrigation, fertilizer may be the major objectives to be achieved. There are several mathematical models for achieving multiple objectives. Sen’s Multi Objective Programming (MOP) model is most popular for achieving several objectives simultaneously. In the present study, an optimal cropping plan was proposed for potato growers of Nalanda district of Bihar for increasing income, employment with lesser use of fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Zinc and Molybdenum for Sustainable Pulse Production in India","authors":"Okram Ricky Devi, Anjan Sarma, Karishma Borah, R. S. Prathibha, Gariyashi Tamuly, Kobagapu Maniratnam, Bibek Laishram","doi":"10.60151/envec/lcch4556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/lcch4556","url":null,"abstract":"Pulses are of paramount importance in Indian agriculture next to cereals and oilseeds in terms of acreage, production and economic value. Pulses are important sources of protein in a vegetarian diet, especially in India, where a large part of population is vegetarian and protein malnutrition is rampant and has not yet received adequate attention for micronutrient fertilization. To reduce the demand and supply gap, government of India launched various programs in pulses. Still, prime attention is required to meet the food security challenges, especially in case of pulse sector. In order to increase the pulse productivity while sustaining at high levels, greater attention on nutrient managements including micronutrients are among the promising technologies in pulse production. Among those micronutrients, zinc (zn) and molybdenum (Mo) are of major concerns. Mo acts as a cofactor for the enzymes namely nitrogenase and nitrate reductase, which take lead roles in bio-logical fixation and subsequent assimilation of nitrogen in legumes. Thus, Mo plays an important role in metabolism and biosynthesis of nitrogen into protein. Besides this, it facilitates the various physiological and biochemical process in pulses. Application of Mo enhances the bioavailability of other essential nutrients to crops. Plants subjected to zinc deficiency display alterations in the activity of many enzymes and decreased protein synthesis. Foliar spray of nutrient fertilizers at the critical stages of rainfed condition, application of micronutrients and secondary nutrients has been great focus in boosting up pulses productivity in India. Thus, this article represents critical review on constraints of low pulse productivity, role of Zn and Mo fertilization to gear up the present pulses productivity to larger extent while sustaining the productivity of pulses in India.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of various doses of Gamma Irradiation on the Nutrient composition of Mahua (Madhuca indica) Flower Stored at Ambient Temperature","authors":"Aparna Kuna, Lakshmiprasanna Kata, Sreedhar Mulinti, Poshadri Achinna","doi":"10.60151/envec/tqoj6134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/tqoj6134","url":null,"abstract":"Mahua flower is an important non-timber forest produce and has a great importance in tribal communities. It is frequently under appreciated due to poor quality brought on by poor storage procedures. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of various doses of gamma irradiation (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 kGy) on nutrient composition of dried mahua flowers stored at ambient temperature. Exposure of mahua flowers to irradiation improved the storability and preserved its nutritional value even after a year of storage. Nutrient composition of the flowers remained almost similar after 1 year storage with 0.25 kGy and 0.50 kGy doses of irradiation, while an increase in moisture and protein, decrease in ash and crude fiber content was observed in dried mahua flowers treated with gamma radiation doses of 0.75 and 1.0kGy. Among the bioactive compounds the phenol content was maintained at the same level with 0.25 kGy dose and the total flavonoid content was observed to be enhanced with all the four doses of irradiation. However, the antioxidant and carotenoid content of the flowers were found to be negatively affected by irradiation. The initial antioxidant content (1076.11 µg/100g) was reduced to 54.30 µg/100g after one year of storage. It can be inferred that modest doses of gamma irradiation (0.25 kGy and 0.50 kGy) might enhance the storability and retain quality attributes of dried mahua flowers and can be employed as an effective postharvest management approach for preserving and prolonging the shelf life of mahua flowers.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on organic foliar application – A nutritional boost to pulse productivity","authors":"Sridhara M. R., R. A. Nandagavi, L. Shravika, Kavyashree C.","doi":"10.60151/envec/xclw3479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/xclw3479","url":null,"abstract":"India is the world’s top producer and consumer of pulses. The area under pulse crop is increasing continuously but productivity is decreasing over years. Reduced production is caused by a lack of care, an uneven fertilizer application and the emergence of physiological problems, particularly inefficient assimilate partitioning, poor pod development, excessive flower abscission due to the nutrient stress. Foliar nutrition is an efficient way of supplementing the available plant nutrients when they lack in the soil. Organic fertilizers are mainly used to stimulate growth by providing proper nutrients at the right dose and proper stage of the crop growth. Liquid organic manures are the source of macronutrients, necessary micronutrients, required amino acids, growth promoting factors and certain beneficial microorganisms. There is an opportunity for increasing pulse yield and quality by raising soil fertility and productivity by increased ability of conservation of soil organic carbon and soil moisture.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135641131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheat Yield and Important Traits Influenced by Interaction of Potassium and Irrigation Levels Evaluated at Number of Locations in the Country by AMMI Analysis and Non-Parametric Measures","authors":"R.P. Meena, Ajay Verma, S. C. Tripathi","doi":"10.60151/envec/pwpy1898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/pwpy1898","url":null,"abstract":"AMMI analysis of treatments consisted of levels of potassium with irrigations observed highly significant effects of locations, treatments, and T×L interactions for wheat yield. About 53.4% of the total variations in yield values was due to locations followed by 26.3% and 10.8% by treatments and interactions effects. Further analysis found 59.7% contributed by AMMI1 while 17.2% and 9.4% by AMMI2 and AMMI3 components for thousands grain weight as total of first two components cumulative to 76.9% of the total variation. The sums of squares for G×E signal and noise were 56.7% and 43.3% of interaction effects for grains per spike as the sum of squares of T×L signal was 2.58 times of treatments effects and IPC1 alone was 3.54 times the treatments effects. Measures ASV and ASV1 recommended T6, T5, T4 for wheat yield while measures utilized 81.6% of interaction sum of squares whereas MASV and MASV1 measures based on 98.4% identified T3, T5, T8, T4 treatments. Maximum average for thousands grains weight; GAI selected T8, T9, T6 whereas as per HM values treatments T5, T2, T8 would be more desirable. Grains per spike found the measures RPGV and HMRPGV settled for T8, T9, T5 treatments. Non parametric measures for yield observed Si1 selected T3, T2, T5 as opposed to T6, T4, T1 by Si2 values. T6, T4, T1 genotypes considered by Si3 Si4 measure considered T6, T4, T1 next Si5 for T6, T3, T4 and Si6 pointed towards T6, T4, T8 genotypes while Si7 favored T6, T1, T4 genotypes. Composite measures for thousands grains weight found NPi(1) for T3,T4,T7 while as per NPi(2) for T4,T3,T7, NPi(3) T4,T3,T2, NPi (4) found T4, T5, T7 as suitable treatment combinations. Multivariate hierarchical clustering as per Ward’s method for wheat yield observed first irrigation level with three potassium levels formed a cluster and other irrigation levels with potassium application remained in other one. At the first node of demarcation for thousands grains weight IPC5 exhibited MASV with MASV1, ASV1, IPC4, ASV, Si1 Si2 Si3 Si4 Si5 Si6 Si7 NPi(1), CV in one side and mean, GAI, PRVG, IPC1, HM, IPC1, NPi(2) NPi(3) NPi (4) on other side. The performance of treatments based on AMMI and non-parametric measures would be more meaningful for identification of suitable irrigation and potassium levels for wheat sustainable production.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Investigation of Yield and Related Components in Some Landraces of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"J. Susmitha, R. Eswaran, N. Senthil Kumar","doi":"10.60151/envec/eicz3018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/eicz3018","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at Shivapuri, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India for estimation of genetic variability parameters. The genetic investigation studies in 46 brinjal genotypes estimated genetic variability parameters namely Phenotypic (PCV) and Genotypic (GCV) coefficient of variation, range, mean, genetic advance and heritability. The ANOVA due to genotypes is found to be significant indicating the genotypes under study are diverse. The PCV for all characters were slightly higher than GCV, indicating the presence of little environmental influence. The high values of heritability and GAM for yield per plant and yield related traits like fruit weight, fruit length, number of fruits per plant and number of fruits per cluster suggest the inclusivity of these genotypes for yield improvement in brinjal. Further, the genotypes could be studied for genetic and specific combining ability, in-order to include valuable landraces in location specific and objective specific breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on Biochemical Changes in Immature Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) cv Konsam Heinou of Manipur using Different Skin Coatings During Storage","authors":"Ram Preet Singh, Ng. Piloo, Shweta Yadav, Konthoujam James Singh","doi":"10.60151/envec/ofzc6774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/ofzc6774","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation on “Studies on Biochemical Changes in Immature Mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) cv Konsam Heinou of Manipur Using Different Skin Coatings during storage” was carried out during month of May-June of the year 2021 at Post Graduate Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Manipur. Freshly collected uniform sized mango fruits were picked, washed, cleaned and treated in the laboratory with various coatings, including castor oil (T1), palm oil (T2), coconut oil (T3), mustard oil (T4), aloevera gel (T5), paraffin wax (T6), cling film (T7), and no coating (T8). The experiment was framed in CRD (Completely Randomized Design) and repeated 3 times with 7 treatments and an uncoated treatment. The results obtained from the current investigation on biochemical changes in quality parameters the fruits treatments with cling film (T7) had minimum TSS, TSS : Acid ratio, reducing sugar and total sugar content with maximum acidity content while fruits coating with paraffin wax (T6) and cling film(T7) had maintaining of chlorophyll content up to 15th days of storage under ambient condition.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of impregnated valorised biogenic apatite with microbial culture filtrates on seed germination and seedling growth of mustard (Brassica juncea L.)","authors":"Lakshman Prasad, Someshree Mane, Aditi Singh, Sushma Sagar","doi":"10.60151/envec/bphd8840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.60151/envec/bphd8840","url":null,"abstract":"Oliseed crops (Brassica napus and B. juncea) are the most important rabi oilseeds in India, following groundnut in the oilseed economy. The present study aimed to examine differential response of culture filtrates of phosphate solubilising microbes enriched with bonemeal to improve seed germination and seedling vigour of mustard. The culture filtrates of each organism was prepared by using PVK broth medium and using bonemeal as a P-source which again supplemented with chlorides and sulphates, respectively. The seeds of mustard were treated in each culture filtrate and kept overnight and then next day arranged in germination paper containing 200 seeds each. Seeds were soaked in sterilized water only serve as control. In experimental results maximum P-solubilization efficiency was shown by A. niger followed by B. subtillis, B. amyloliquifaciens, V. laecani and T. harzianum in broth. As the P-solubilization efficiency of microbes also increases gradually increases doses of bone meal. It is also found that the seed treated with culture filtrate obtained from Cl- and SO42- media containing 5g and 15g of bone meal which were inoculated with organisms shown very reliable progress which was recorded on germination percentage, seedling vigour, seedling length and root length.","PeriodicalId":36141,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Ecology Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135640513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}