Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies最新文献

{"title":"From Indenture to Double Diaspora: Music, Film, and Visual Art of the Indian Caribbean","authors":"Christopher Ballengee, Darrell Gerohn Baksh","doi":"10.23870/marlas.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/marlas.345","url":null,"abstract":"This dossier seeks to make the Indian Caribbean more visible and more pertinent to critical debates within Caribbean discourses. Few studies have undertaken serious analyses of Indian Caribbean creative expression, and most ignore the newness and complex fusions that characterize music, dance, and visual cultures in the postindenture diaspora. We endeavor to nuance conversations around marginalized Caribbean cultural production and multilocal identity, understanding the arts as useful historical archives. An overview of Indian indentureship precedes the presentation of the articles, which provide deep analyses that critically address these issues: how Indian identity is expressed and debated in performative and artistic practices, including LGBTQ challenges to categories of race and gender; what comparative analyses reveal about continuity, change, and exchange across the Indian Caribbean diaspora; how racial and cultural alterities are resolved within an African “creole” and/or multicultural framework; and how orientations to India, citizenship, and transnational belonging are expressed and processed. Resumen Este dossier busca hacer el Caribe indio mas visible y mas pertinente en los debates criticos en los discursos caribenos. Pocos estudios han realizado analisis serios de la expresion creativa del Caribe indio y la mayoria ignora la novedad y las complejas fusiones que caracterizan la musica, la danza y las culturas visuales en la diaspora posterior al periodo de la mano de obra importada no abonada. Nos esforzamos por matizar las conversaciones en torno a la produccion cultural caribena marginada y la identidad multilocal, entendiendo las artes como archivos historicos utiles. Una vision general de la contratacion de trabajadores de la India precede a la presentacion de los articulos, los cuales proporcionan analisis profundos que abordan criticamente estos temas: como se expresa y se debate la identidad india en las practicas performativas y artisticas, incluyendo los desafios LGBTQ a las categorias de raza y genero; que revelan los analisis comparativos sobre la continuidad, el cambio y el intercambio en toda la diaspora india caribena; como se resuelven las alteridades raciales y culturales dentro de un \"creole\" africano y/o un marco multicultural; y como se expresan y procesan las orientaciones a la India, la ciudadania y la pertenencia transnacional.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41828196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Table of Contents MARLAS Dossier: From Indenture to Double Diaspora: Music, Film, and Visual Art of the Indian Caribbean","authors":"Christopher Ballengee, Darrell Gerohn Baksh","doi":"10.23870/marlas.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/marlas.352","url":null,"abstract":"Table of Contents MARLAS DOSSIER: From Indenture to Double Diaspora: Music, Film, and Visual Art of the Indian Caribbean","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afro-Venezuelan Cultural Survival: Invoking Ancestral Memory","authors":"M. Walton","doi":"10.23870/marlas.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/marlas.346","url":null,"abstract":"Enslaved Africans were taken to Venezuela as part of the transatlantic slave trade, and their descendants constitute a minority population that has been marginalized, discriminated against, and excluded from access to resources and the national identity. This study explores ways in which Afro-Venezuelans resisted oppression and survived by employing their knowledge, skills, and cultural memory. As a case in point, we examine the maintenance of Afro-Venezuelan cultural traditions in Barlovento, an area to which enslaved Africans were imported to work on large cacao estates and whose descendants now constitute the majority ethnic population in the region, with cultural traditions that uniquely identify it. Through the application of spiritual and cultural memory, Barloventenos show resolve within the construct of institutionalized racism by utilizing a form of double consciousness. The Barlovento region represents a strong continuity of Central West African traditions within Venezuelan culture in the variety of music, instrumentation, dance styles, and lingual retentions, which serve as the chief basis for this analysis. This research assesses these various forms of Afro-Venezuelan culture and how they have been used as a form of resistance to invisibilization and institutional racism. Findings are based on historical research and field work conducted between 2010 and 2019. Resumen Africanos esclavizados fueron llevados a Venezuela como parte de la trata transatlantica de esclavos, y sus descendientes constituyen una poblacion minoritaria que ha sido marginada, discriminada y excluida del acceso a los recursos y de la identidad nacional. Este estudio explora las medidas usadas por los afrovenezolanos para resistir la opresion y sobrevivir al implementar sus conocimientos, habilidades y memoria cultural. Como ejemplo, examinamos el mantenimiento de las tradiciones culturales afrovenezolanas en Barlovento, una zona a la que los africanos esclavizados fueron importados para trabajar en grandes fincas de cacao y cuyos descendientes ahora constituyen la poblacion etnica mayoritaria de la region, con tradiciones culturales que la identifican de manera unica. A traves de la aplicacion de la memoria espiritual y cultural, los barloventenos mostraron su firmeza ante el racismo institucionalizado mediante la  utilizacion de una forma de doble conciencia. La region de Barlovento representa una fuerte continuidad de las tradiciones de Africa Occidental Central dentro de la cultura venezolana en la variedad de musica, instrumentacion, estilos de baile y retenciones linguisticas, los cuales sirven como la base principal para este analisis. Esta investigacion evalua estas diversas formas de cultura afrovenezolana y su uso como formas de resistencia a la invisibilizacion y al racismo institucional. Los hallazgos se basan en la investigacion historica y el trabajo de campo realizado entre 2010 y 2019.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47976508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“A Creative Process”: Indo-Caribbean American Identity as Diasporic Consciousness","authors":"T. Sankar","doi":"10.23870/marlas.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/marlas.289","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines contemporary cultural production by New York-based, self-identified Indo-Caribbean artists in order to understand how Indo-Caribbean identity is formulated in the double diaspora, removed from the contexts of both India and the Caribbean. Specifically, I analyze Miranda Deebrah’s oral performance piece Sounds from Home and Lissa Deonarain’s short documentary film Double Diaspora: A Portrait of Indo-Caribbeans in New York using Aisha Khan’s framework of “diasporic consciousness.” I argue that in these pieces, Indo-Caribbean identity is constructed not around ethnicity, culture, or Indian traditions, but as a process that recognizes the interlinking of multiple traumatic displacements and migrations in the history of descendants of South Asian indentured laborers. Deebrah and Deonarain narrate journeys toward understanding and embracing identity that follow a trajectory from alienation and psychic disavowal caused by the dislocation of migration to the United States, where Indo-Caribbeanness is largely invisible in racial discourses, to self-imposed exile and distancing from the community. This prompts a return to histories of indentured migration and ultimately a reconfiguration of Indo-Caribbean identity around notions of intergenerational trauma and multiple displacements. I argue that this conceptualization of Indo-Caribbean identity as a diasporic consciousness allows a generation of Indo-Caribbean artists and activists to flexibly navigate racial discourses in the US, because it refuses to reproduce reified categories of race and ethnicity often demanded by a nationalist politics of recognition. Resumen Este articulo examina la produccion cultural contemporanea de artistas indocaribenos basados en Nueva York con el fin de entender como la identidad indocaribena se formula en la doble diaspora, alejada de los contextos tanto de la India como del Caribe. Especificamente, analizo la pieza de performance oral de Miranda Deebrah, “Sounds from Home,” y el cortometraje documental de Lissa Deonarain, Double Diaspora: A Portrait of Indo-Caribbeans in New York, usando el marco de Aisha Khan de “conciencia diasporica”. Sostengo que en estas piezas, la identidad indocaribena no se construye en torno a la etnia, la cultura o las tradiciones indias, sino como un proceso que reconoce la interrelacion de multiples desplazamientos traumaticos y migraciones en la historia de los descendientes de los trabajadores no abonados del sur asiatico. Deebrah y Deonarain narran viajes hacia la comprension y la aceptacion de la identidad que siguen una trayectoria desde la alienacion y la negacion psiquica causada por la dislocacion de la migracion a los Estados Unidos, donde el indocaribenismo es en gran medida invisible en los discursos raciales, al exilio autoimpuesto y al distanciamiento de la comunidad, lo que provoca un regreso a las historias de la migracion de mano de obra no abonada y, en ultima instancia, una reconfiguracion de la identida","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46626032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coconut/Cane & Cutlass: Queer Visuality in the Indo-Caribbean Lesbian Archive","authors":"Suzanne C. Persard","doi":"10.23870/marlas.290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/marlas.290","url":null,"abstract":"Michelle Mohabeer’s groundbreaking Indo-Caribbean queer film, Coconut/Cane & Cutlass (1994) remains one of the earliest works of queer Indo-Caribbean visual art. Mohabeer scripts the lesbian body cinematically through an iconography of indenture: coconut, cane, cutlass. This article returns to Coconut/Cane & Cutlass nearly three decades after its release to examine the radical ways in which Mohabeer’s visual aesthetics posits the canescape as a site of Indo-Caribbean lesbian subjectivity, reconfigures the cutlass from its status of violence to one of desire, and examines the poetics of fragmentation as a queer feminist genealogical approach. In our reading of Coconut/Cane & Cutlass as a visual text of rewriting diasporic subjectivity, Mohabeer produces a radical visual genealogy that narrates diasporic Indo-Caribbean identity through a primary site of queerness, upending historical approaches to gender and sexuality within traditional configurations of the indentured diasporas. La innovadora pelicula indocaribena queer de Michelle Mohabeer, Coconut/Cane & Cutlass (1994), sigue siendo una de las primeras obras de arte visual indocaribeno queer. Mohabeer escribe el cuerpo lesbico cinematicamente a traves de una iconografia de la mano de obra importada no abonada: coco, cana, alfanje. Este articulo regresa a Coconut/Cane & Cutlass casi tres decadas despues de su estreno para examinar las formas radicales en que la estetica visual de Mohabeer plantea el lugar del canaveral como un sitio de subjetividad lesbiana indocaribena, reconfigura el alfanje desde su connotacion de violencia a otra de deseo y examina la poetica de la fragmentacion como un enfoque genealogico feminista queer. En nuestra lectura de Coconut/Cane & Cutlass como un texto visual de la reescritura de la subjetividad diasporica, Mohabeer produce una genealogia visual radical que narra la identidad indocaribena diasporica a traves de un sitio primario de lo queer, trastornando los enfoques historicos al genero y a la sexualidad dentro de las configuraciones tradicionales de las diasporas de la mano de obra importada no abonada.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48666041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Many Lives of Teresa Mendoza: Genre, Gender and Melodrama in La Reina del Sur","authors":"M. Ruiz","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.253","url":null,"abstract":"This study considers how reality, fiction, and melodrama intersect so that Teresa Mendoza, protagonist of Arturo Perez-Reverte’s novel, La Reina del Sur, escapes into everyday reality and is imagined into existence. The novel and first iteration of the telenovela based on it have become cultural touchstones that employ melodramatic elements that allow audiences to come to terms with an increasingly complex cultural terrain by situating social, political and familial ideas in easily identifiable and comprehendible dramas. The examples discussed here, which include the novel, telenovela, and news accounts about the relationship between Mexican actress Kate del Castillo, who plays Teresa in the telenovela, and drug kingpin Joaquin “El Chapo” Guzman, illustrate how melodramatic narratives create the circumstances to question the boundaries between reality and fiction, redefine traditional standards of melodrama, challenge normative femininity, and initiate spaces in which transnational communities can understand and interpret social disruption. //  Este estudio examina la manera en que la realidad, la ficcion y el melodrama se entrecruzan de modo que Teresa Mendoza, protagonista de la novela de Arturo Perez-Reverte, La Reina del Sur, logre escaparse hacia la realidad cotidiana y cobrar existencia mediante la imaginacion del publico. La novela y la primera serie de la telenovela basada en ella se han convertido en piedras de toque culturales que emplean elementos del genero del melodrama que permiten que el publico aprenda a navegar un terreno cultural cada vez mas complejo al situar sus ideas sociales, politicas y de familia dentro de dramas facilmente reconocibles y comprensibles. Se ofrecen ejemplos de la novela, la telenovela y reportajes sobre la relacion entre la actriz mexicana Kate del Castillo, Teresa Mendoza en la telenovela, y el capo narcotraficante Joaquin “El Chapo” Guzman, que ilustran las maneras en que las narrativas melodramaticas crean las circunstancias apropiadas para provocar el cuestionamiento de las fronteras entre la realidad y la ficcion, pedir redefiniciones de las normas tradicionales del melodrama, presentar retos a la feminidad normativa e iniciar espacios en los que las comunidades trasnacionales puedan comprender e interpretar las disrupciones sociales.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46490249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: Daniel Nemser. Infrastructures of Race: Concentration and Biopolitics in Colonial Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2017.","authors":"Lance C. Thurner","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.241","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Daniel Nemser. Infrastructures of Race: Concentration and Biopolitics in Colonial Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2017.","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48727931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jessica Stites Mor and Maria del Carmen Suescun Pozas, The Art of Solidarity: Visual and Performative Politics in Cold War Latin America (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018). vi, 310.","authors":"D. Sheinin","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44816674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Espacio Creacion/Creation Space: Abelardo Baldizon (Nicaragua)","authors":"Abelardo Baldizón","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46986042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Karly Gaitan Morales, A LA CONQUISTA DE UN SUENO","authors":"R. Perez","doi":"10.23870/MARLAS.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23870/MARLAS.243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36126,"journal":{"name":"Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42056457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}