Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training最新文献

{"title":"Polymorphism of genes in patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19","authors":"B. Kantemirova, V. Vasilkova","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-3-130-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-3-130-137","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) varies significantly between countries and continents. Until now, there has been no clear explanation for this observation. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a large difference in infection and mortality rates between men and women. This may be due to the gender difference in the polymorphism of genes linked to the X chromosome, which play an important role in the immune response. In addition, there is a different degree of severity of the disease: from an asymptomatic course and mild symptoms to a life-threatening condition requiring hospitalization in the intensive care unit and artificial lung ventilation. Several factors are associated with the severity of COVID-19, such as elderly age, multiple comorbid diseases, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, etc. However, we observe that severe disease is also observed in patients who do not have the above risk factors. In recent months, severe forms of COVID-19 have been reported in children, including early infancy. In this connection, it is relevant, in our opinion, to focus the problem on genetic factors, such as the carriage of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which can affect susceptibility to infection and variability in the severity of the disease. © 2022 Sorbtsionnye i Khromatograficheskie Protsessy. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humoral and cellular immune responses in children 3–6 years old with infectious mononucleosis caused by primary and reactivation of Epstein–Barr viral infection","authors":"E. Kashuba, M. Antonova, T. Drozdova, O. Rychkova, O. Lyubimtseva, L. V. Khanipova, N. Ogoshkova, Y. Chekhova, A. Beltikova","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-57-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-57-63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of meningococcal pneumonia complicated by bilateral pleurisy, pericarditis","authors":"I. Davydova, T. Smirnova, O. Litvinova, I.Ch. Partilchaeva","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-4-127-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-4-127-133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of COVID-19 coronavirus infection with aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium (Galavit®) in medical staff of the “red zone”: results of the multicenter observational study","authors":"S. Kolesov, M. Mozheyko, G. Trufanov, D. Gorbatyuk","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-1-93-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-1-93-101","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-hospital healthcare workers belong to a high-risk SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium (Galavit®) belongs to the group of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drugs. It has been shown that aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium is effective in the prevention of acute respiratory infections, respiratory tract diseases and ENT-organs of bacterial and viral etiology. The purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of immunoprophylaxis of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) with aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium in healthcare workers providing medical care in the “red zone”. Material and methods. A multicenter prospective-retrospective observational comparative non-randomized study in healthcare workers providing medical care in the “red zone” was conducted. 428 participants were included in the study: the observation group - healthcare workers who administered aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium (Galavit®) for prophylactic purposes (n=214), and control group (n=214). The observation period of the participants or the period of collecting retrospective data in the study was 30 days. The results of PCR tests and tests for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed, clinical status (COVID-19 in any form) was assessed. Descriptive statistic methods and Pearson χ2 test were used. The risk ratios, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated with them. The influence of potential confounding factors (age, gender, work place in clinical site, the presence or absence of concomitant disease) on the clinical status were analyzed using logistic regression. The analysis of propensity score matching was carried out. The Stata/IC 14.2 for Windows software used for statistical analysis. Results and discussion. Observational study results describe the risk ratios and odds ratios of infection with a new coronavirus (COVID-19) in healthcare workers providing medical care in the “red zone” considering prophylactic administration of aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium (Galavit®). 205 (95.8%) participants in the group of healthcare workers who took aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium (Galavit®) for prophylactic purposes and 194 (90.7%) participants in control group had a negative PCR test during the observation period, χ2=4.48, p=0.034. The risk of a positive status according to the PCR test for 30 days in the preventive group was 0,04, and in the control group 0.09. The risk difference was -0.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.099;-0.004]. The adjusted odds ratio using multiple logistic regression was - 0.41 (95% CI 0.18-0.93). No adverse events were observed during the prophylactic administration of aminodihydrophthalazinedione sodium over 30 days. Conclusion. Galavit® preventive administration in a tablet form at a dose of 50-100 mg per day by employees of medical institutions providing medical care to patients with CIVID-19 significantly reduces the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and more than 2 times incr","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19: the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant, glucocorticosteroid therapy and metabolic","authors":"D. Salivonchyk, I. Stoma, E. Dotsenko, N.N. Kudenchuk, E. Salivonchyk, I. A. Khudyakov, M. N. Menshakova, E.I. Malashchenko, S. Salivonchyk, K.O. Bondareva, E. Stepanets, O. Konovalova, E.V. Kuhoreva","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-1-47-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-1-47-56","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: assessment of the efficacy and safety of the use of anticoagulant, glucocorticosteroid, metabolic therapy in patients with COVID-19 at the inpatient stage of treatment. Material and methods. In February 2021, a prospective, randomized, single-center, continuous comparative study was organized on the basis of the Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 3, which included 827 patients with moderate and severe clinical course of COVID-19. Results. Stratification of the risks of an unfavorable outcome in patients with moderate and severe clinical course of COVID-19 made it possible to optimize treatment, with the selection of optimal doses of anticoagulant and glucocorticosteroid therapy, which led to an increase in patient survival. A high level of blood lactate reflects the degree of damage to the lung tissue, the severity of the course of the disease and requires an increase in the dose of anticoagulant therapy. The use of thiotriazoline effectively reduces the level of lactate, which makes it possible to restore the energy balance of the cell. Conclusion. The use of therapeutic (intermediate) doses of anticoagulant and optimal glucorticosteroid therapy in patients at high risk of poor outcomes with moderate and severe clinical course of COVID-19, can increase the survival rate from 82.1 to 96.8%, p<0.0001. The appointment of anticoagulant therapy was complicated by “minor” bleeding in 2.13% in the main group, in 2.11% in the control group, p>0.05, and the use of glucocorticosteroids was complicated by newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (2.13% in the main group, 1.81% in the control group, p>0.05), which allows us to consider the therapy used is safe. The use of the metabolic, antioxidant agent thiotriazoline in patients with an LDH level of more than 800 U/L and with a high risk of an unfavorable outcome led to a decrease in LDH within five days of treatment by 447.9 U/L in the main group compared with the control group by 124.0 U/L (p=0.0001), which was accompanied by an improvement in the general condition, increased physical activity, and an earlier start of rehabilitation. © 2022 by the authors.","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69483939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology of formation of an individual professional development trajectory of health care managers","authors":"N. Naygovzina, E. V. Zimina, Yu.S. Titkova, N. Makarova, E.P. Vasilyeva, Z.L. Goncharevskaya, M. Patrushev, E.A. Tsvetkova, M. Navarkin, E. Korchuganova, V. Deriushkin","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-106-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-106-111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National calendar of preventive vaccinations: present and future","authors":"M. Kostinov, G. G. Kharseeva, A. V. Chepusova","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-112-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-112-119","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, vaccine prophylaxis within the framework of the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations (NCPV) is an absolute priority in the fight against infectious diseases. The lecture presents the structure and features of the NCPV, the main directions of its improvement, information on the priority infections for vaccination. The strategy of immunization throughout life, which guarantees the creation of maximum protection against infections and preservation of the optimal level of health of people without age restrictions, is considered. Information is provided on approaches to vaccination of various patient populations against new coronavirus, pertussis, pneumococcal, and rotavirus infections. The presented lecture materials can be useful both to medical students and doctors of various specialties (infectious disease specialists, pediatricians, epidemiologists, bacteriologists). © 2022 by the authors.","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating vaccination: a comparative study","authors":"K. Goyal, K. Dosajh","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-14-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-14-18","url":null,"abstract":"Обязательная вакцинация – важный элемент охраны общественного здоровья. Она позволила всем странам эффективно бороться с рядом заболеваний, таких как оспа и полиомиелит. Государства, как правило, проводят политику обязательной вакцинации, чтобы предотвратить распространение болезней на основании принципа коллективного иммунитета. Однако всякий раз при возникновении какого-либо нежелательного эффекта такая практика обязательной вакцинации поднимает вопросы, касающиеся рисков, связанных с введением вакцин. В США проблема обязательной вакцинации и ее правовых основ актуальна с начала XX в., за это время сформировалась устоявшаяся система решения этих вопросов. Изучение системы обязательной вакцинации в США чрезвычайно важно, поскольку Индия, активно участвующая в программе вакцинации, не имеет эффективного механизма правовой защиты в области вакцинопрофилактики, прообразом которой может стать система, существующая в США.","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and laboratory characteristics of new coronaviral infection (COVID-19) in children","authors":"R. Murzabaeva, D.A. Valishin, N.A. Abrashina, L.V. Murzagaleeva, A.D. Valishina","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-32-37","url":null,"abstract":"Another rise in the incidence of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), due to the penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 delta strain into Russia in the second half of April 2021, is characterized by rapid spread, severe course in adults and an increase in cases of the disease among children. The aim of the work is to assess the clinical and laboratory parameters of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in children. Material and methods. The results of clinical and laboratory examination and complex therapy of 95 children with moderate and severe forms of COVID-19, hospitalized in the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital in Ufa from May to September 2021, are presented. Results. The anamnesis of the disease and life, epidemiological, clinical and laboratory, instrumental data obtained during the examination of children with COVID-19 in the course of the disease were studied. Among the clinical manifestations in children, symptoms of acute respiratory infection (37.9±4.98%), pneumonia without respiratory failure (26.3±4.52%), pneumonia with acute respiratory failure (33.7±4.85%). In 2 patients of the first months of life (2.1±1.47%), against the background of a aggravated premorbid background, immunodeficiency, COVID-19 proceeded in an extremely severe form with a fatal outcome. Conclusion. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are similar in children and adults, but differ in the frequency of respiratory symptoms. A severe course with a fatal outcome was registered in children in the first months of life with a burdened premorbid background. © Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training 2022.","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL28B genetic polymorphism in chronic viral hepatitis","authors":"M. Abdukadirova, A. Khikmatullaeva, N. Ibadullaeva, E. Musabaev, V.Sh. Rakhimova, N. Yarmukhamedova, I. Egamova, L. Lokteva","doi":"10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-64-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33029/2305-3496-2022-11-2-64-68","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36113,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases: News, Opinions, Training","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69484296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}