{"title":"BRAVE: bit-rate adaptation in vehicular environments","authors":"P. Deshpande, Samir R Das","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307897","url":null,"abstract":"Rate selection in a wireless network is the problem of estimating the current channel conditions and determining the best physical layer bit rate for the outgoing frames in order to maximize the current throughput. All rate adaptation algorithms in literature arrive at an estimate of the current channel conditions by considering the recent history often in the order of seconds. In vehicular WiFi access networks, the constantly changing wireless channel conditions make the channel history quickly irrelevant. We develop BRAVE - an SNR-based rate adaptation algorithm, which only considers short history (500 ms) to make rate selection decisions. We show that a coarse-grained training approach is sufficient to estimate the SNR thresholds for rate selection as opposed to previous approaches that train on a per environment or a per AP basis. We study three frame-based rate adaptation algorithms and a popular SNR-based rate adaptation algorithm along with BRAVE and highlight their shortcomings in the rapidly changing vehicular WiFi access environment. In order to compare the algorithms under repeatable channel conditions, we also develop and use a novel emulation methodology where a software radio-based programmable noise generator is used to emulate varying link quality under vehicular mobility. We show that BRAVE performs significantly better than several prominent frame-based and the SNR-based rate adaptation algorithms.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121279871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A methodology for the development of novel VANET safety applications","authors":"P. Szczurek, Bo Xu, O. Wolfson, Jie Lin","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307911","url":null,"abstract":"We present a methodology for the development of passive ITS safety applications that aim to disseminate reports about dangerous events on the road. Examples of such applications include the emergency electronic brake light or the highway merge warning. A major issue with such applications is the decision of when a warning should be shown. Since the recipient vehicle may be far away from where the dangerous event occurred, a large number of false warnings may be shown to the drivers. This leads to driver desensitization which may reduce the safety benefits. While previous research has provided a way of handling false warnings by estimating the relevance of the reports, these methods do not take into all the important factors and are not easily adaptable for novel applications. In this paper, we propose a simulation platform for developing and evaluating relevance estimators for passive ITS safety applications that can be utilized for developing novel applications. The paper provides examples of the effectiveness of this platform on three previously proposed applications.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124210633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing dissemination redundancy to achieve data consistency in VANETs","authors":"S. Dietzel, J. Petit, F. Kargl, G. Heijenk","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307914","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally agreed that VANET security needs to rely on entity-centric trust, as well as data-centric methods. Entity-centric trust typically involves signatures and certificates, while data-centric methods leverage on consistency checks. One way to implement data consistency checking is to exploit redundant information dissemination to detect inconsistencies. In this paper, we propose a metric to investigate the degree of redundancy that different types of information dissemination protocols exhibit. We evaluate our metric using simulations of Geocast and aggregation protocols. Results show that geocast largely eliminates redundancy, whereas aggregation keeps more redundant communication paths.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128279762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A mobile systems perspective on vehicular networks","authors":"M. Gruteser","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307890","url":null,"abstract":"To date the vehicular networks community has primarily focused on designing vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems that can communicate reliably in environments with high mobility and rapidly varying vehicle density. As standards for vehicular communications are maturing, it is becoming increasingly important to understand how these communication systems can and should interact with other technologies in vehicular systems. Vehicles have become rich computing systems with access to a plethora of sensors and actuators. In addition, the dazzling innovation in smartphones, mobile apps, and other mobile devices is not only providing an alternate computing and communication platform inside vehicles - it also creates demand for innovations in vehicle computing systems, such as app stores for cars. This talk will first review our work on using smartphones for traffic monitoring, using vehicle mounted sensors for identifying parking spaces, and in-car localization to reduce driver distraction. Based on lessons learned from these early projects, this talk will then identify challenges and opportunities for mobile systems research in this evolving vehicular context.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129299978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dan Shan, P. Richardson, Weidong Xiang, A. Vasilakos
{"title":"Time-varying channel estimation for OFDM with extended observation window","authors":"Dan Shan, P. Richardson, Weidong Xiang, A. Vasilakos","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307904","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems operating in high mobility environments experience time-varying channel, which leads to serious inter-carrier-interferences. Basis Expansion Model (BEM) is a widely used technique to estimate the time-varying channel, but can only capture the time-varying characteristics within each single OFDM block one by one in traditional algorithms. A method to extend the observation window of BEM based algorithms to the range of multiple OFDM blocks is established and adapted to pilot-assisted OFDM systems, where pilot signals in multiple OFDM blocks are converted into time-domain and connected together. As a result, the time-varying channel can be estimated more accurately, with comparable complexity as those of traditional algorithms.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127803669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytically modelling the performance of piggybacking on beacons in VANETs","authors":"W. K. Wolterink, G. Heijenk, H. V. D. Berg","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307898","url":null,"abstract":"Piggybacking on beacons is a forwarding technique in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) as a means to disseminate data. With this technique data is attached to and transmitted along with scheduled beacons. Nodes are assumed to beacon asynchronously. In this paper we present a first version of an analytical model that is able to accurately capture the performance of a piggybacking protocol inside a VANET in a number of closed-form expressions, assuming some simplifications. For a given forwarding distance, transmission range, node density, and beacon frequency, the model is able to give the stochastic distribution of the end-to-end delay. The model also provides the distribution of the per-hop delay, the hop length, and the position of the ith forwarder. We have verified our analytical model using a simulation study. The most relevant assumptions in our model are a fixed inter-node distance and a fixed deterministic transmission range. Having completed this stage of our work, our next goal is to extend our model so that we can drop these assumptions.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132183197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Giordano, Lara Codecà, Brian Geffon, Giulio Grassi, G. Pau, M. Gerla
{"title":"MoViT: the mobile network virtualized testbed","authors":"E. Giordano, Lara Codecà, Brian Geffon, Giulio Grassi, G. Pau, M. Gerla","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307892","url":null,"abstract":"MoViT is a distributed software suite for the emulation of mobile wireless networks. MoViT provides researchers and developers with a virtualized environment for developing and testing mobile applications and protocols for any hardware and software platform that can be virtualized. The distributed nature of MoViT allows for the emulation of mobile networks of arbitrary size. Additionally, the network connectivity is shaped transparently such that the connectivity observed by each virtual node resembles that of a physical mobile network. In this paper we present the MoViT architecture, the models used to emulate the wireless channel, the details of our initial implementation and, finally, the results of our evaluation regarding the scalability, realism, and versatility of MoViT.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127385434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Poster session","authors":"F. Kargl","doi":"10.1145/3253527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3253527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126817696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel use of EDCA to improve vehicle safety communication","authors":"Sarah Sharafkandi, G. Bansal, J. Kenney, D. Du","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307910","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the problem of using standard EDCA to minimize frame collisions among periodic vehicle safety messages. We make two principal contributions. First we demonstrate an Access Category (AC) isolation technique that dramatically reduces the collision probability of high priority packets in dense environments. Second we introduce a novel concept called virtual division by which significant reductions in collisions among lower priority packets can be achieved. AC isolation and virtual division are conformant with IEEE 802.11p and can be supported by existing integrated circuit implementations, but to the authors' knowledge neither has been published before. These techniques are motivated by the periodic safety message environment under development in the US, Europe and parts of Asia, but they may have applicability for other vehicular applications or more general WiFi networks. The results in this paper are verified via extensive NS-2 simulations.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116622986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of cooperative active safety applications based on V2V communications","authors":"M. Sepulcre, J. Gozálvez","doi":"10.1145/2307888.2307893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2307888.2307893","url":null,"abstract":"Cooperative vehicular systems are expected to improve traffic safety and efficiency through the real-time exchange of information between vehicles and infrastructure nodes. To this aim, cooperative active safety applications are being designed to extend, in space and time, the drivers' awareness of the surrounding environment in order to be able to detect potential road dangers with sufficient time for the driver to react. The strict requirements of cooperative vehicular applications and the challenging vehicular environment require that cooperative active safety applications are extensively tested under real-world conditions. In this context, this paper presents the experimental evaluation of different vehicle-to-vehicle cooperative active safety applications under real world and challenging conditions where cooperative systems need to prove their real effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":360427,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the ninth ACM international workshop on Vehicular inter-networking, systems, and applications","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116798572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}