{"title":"3D human face recognition using point signature","authors":"C. Chua, F. Han, Yeong-Khing Ho","doi":"10.1109/AFGR.2000.840640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2000.840640","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel face recognition algorithm based on the point signature-a representation for free-form surfaces. We treat the face recognition problem as a non-rigid object recognition problem. The rigid parts of the face of one person are extracted after registering the range data sets of faces having different facial expressions. These rigid parts are used to create a model library for efficient indexing. For a test face, models are indexed from the library and the most appropriate models are ranked according to their similarity with the test face. Verification of each model face can be quickly and efficiently identified. Experimental results with range data involving six human subjects, each with four different facial expressions, have demonstrated the validity and effectiveness of our algorithm.","PeriodicalId":360065,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (Cat. No. PR00580)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131169696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis and synthesis of pose variations of human faces by a linear PCMAP model and its application for pose-invariant face recognition system","authors":"K. Okada, S. Akamatsu, C. Malsburg","doi":"10.1109/AFGR.2000.840625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2000.840625","url":null,"abstract":"A method of manifold representation for human faces with pose variations is proposed. Our model consists of mappings between 3D head angles and facial images separately represented in shape and texture, via sub-space models spanned by principal components (PC). Explicit mappings to and from 3D head angles are used as processes of pose estimation and transformation, respectively. Generalization capability to unknown head poses enables our model to continuously cover pose parameter space, providing high approximation accuracy. The feasibility of this model is evaluated in a number of experiments. We also propose a novel pose-invariant face recognition system using our model as the entry format for a gallery of known persons. Experimental results with 3D facial models recorded by a Cyberware scanner show that our model provides a superior recognition performance against pose variations, and that the texture synthesis process is carried out correctly.","PeriodicalId":360065,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (Cat. No. PR00580)","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126789445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic face modeling from monocular image sequences using modified non parametric regression and an affine camera model","authors":"K. Sengupta, Wang Shiqin, C. Ko, P. Burman","doi":"10.1109/AFGR.2000.840684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2000.840684","url":null,"abstract":"We present the theory of modified nonparametric regression for estimating the 3D face structure of a human from a monocular image sequence. In the preprocessing stage, the face region is segmented from the background using both color and motion information, by using a hierarchical block motion estimation method. By using the affine camera projection geometry, and a given choice of an image frame pair in the sequence, we adopt the KvD model to express the depth at each point on the face region as a function of the unknown out-of-plane rotation, and some measurable quantities computed directly from the optical flow. This is repeated for multiple image pairs (keeping one fixed image frame which we formally call the \"base\" image, and choosing another frame from the sequence). The true depth map is next estimated from these equations using a modified nonparametric regression technique, and this forms the core contribution of this paper. We conducted experiments on various image sequences to verify the effectiveness of the technique, and propose to extend it for photorealistic modeling of arbitrary (non-face) objects from image sequences.","PeriodicalId":360065,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (Cat. No. PR00580)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126158381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The global dimensionality of face space","authors":"Penio S. Penev, L. Sirovich","doi":"10.1109/AFGR.2000.840645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2000.840645","url":null,"abstract":"A low-dimensional representation of sensory signals is the key to solving many of the computational problems encountered in high-level vision. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been used in the past to derive such compact representations for the object class of human faces. Here, with an interpretation of PCA as a probabilistic model, we employ two objective criteria to study its generalization properties in the context of large frontal-pose face databases. We find that the eigenfaces, the eigenspectrum, and the generalization depend strongly on the ensemble composition and size, with statistics for populations as large as 5500, still not stationary. Further, the assumption of mirror symmetry of the ensemble improves the quality of the results substantially in the low-statistics regime, and is also essential in the high-statistics regime. We employ a perceptual criterion and argue that, even with large statistics, the dimensionality of the PCA subspace necessary for adequate representation of the identity information in relatively tightly cropped faces is in the 400-700 range, and we show that a dimensionality of 200 is inadequate. Finally, we discuss some of the shortcomings of PCA and suggest possible solutions.","PeriodicalId":360065,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (Cat. No. PR00580)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121760568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}