Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences最新文献

{"title":"How Do Culture and Institutions Jointly Impact Income?","authors":"Judit Kapás","doi":"10.3311/ppso.21855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppso.21855","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to look at the joint impact of culture and institutions on economic development by operationalizing the cultural and institutional multipliers conceptualized in the literature. The study uses regression analyses to estimate the two multipliers which are key in an understanding of the interaction of culture and institutions. As for culture, two layers are distinguished, deep culture (values) and a slow-moving cultural layer (beliefs). The cross-country empirical analyses, including IV estimations, provide evidence that the two cultural layers \"behave\" differently. Deep culture is not a substitute for (better) institutions, however, high-quality institutions can substitute improvement in deep culture, while in the majority of countries, in which institutions are not of high quality, institutions complement improvement in deep culture. Contrary to that, the slow-moving layer does not appear to be a significant determinant of development once institutions are controlled for. But what is more, no sign of interaction with institutions has been detectable. These findings shed light on the unique role of deep culture in economic development.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41725417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"English Needs Assessment Survey for International Students of Technology at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics in Hungary","authors":"Ildikó Furka","doi":"10.3311/ppso.20863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppso.20863","url":null,"abstract":"Regular language instruction informed by needs assessment has been a widespread phenomenon in Teaching English as a Foreign language (EFL). In higher education (HE) institutions teaching English for Academic Purposes (EAP) based on research has also been a widely accepted trend. Nowadays the increasing number of international students in the Hungarian HE scenario has prompted faculties to support the development of students' language skills systematically. As one such institution, the Centre for Modern Languages (CML) at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) designed a questionnaire survey systematically to research the language needs of its international students of technology after having come across some anecdotal mismatches across faculties in the perception of the students' level of knowledge. International students of technology, their EFL teachers and their subject matter instructors were surveyed on how important they think certain language skills are for the students to succeed in the academic scenario. The results show that skills such as identifying main points in texts, summarising information in speech and in writing, or asking for clarification - all of pertain to the recognition or formation of structural elements in written and spoken texts - are seen as most important by the stakeholders. The results now inform the refreshment of course design and materials development at CML. Limitations are discussed together with future research recommendations, such as the need to thoroughly investigate non-linguistic issues influencing learning achievements, which may include cultural differences in learning strategies or learner-teacher expectations.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48375061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation Framework for Social Impact on the E-Co-Housing Project in Budapest","authors":"Annamária Babos, A. Csizmady, Annamária Orbán, J. Szabó","doi":"10.3311/ppso.17956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppso.17956","url":null,"abstract":"In Europe, today's affordable housing and co-housing projects represent complex products, complementing the physical intervention with economic and social techniques. This means that purely environmental and economical evaluation is not sufficient for these projects. While environmental and economical evaluation methodologies are widespread and advanced in the construction sector, methodologies to evaluate the social impacts of housing projects are rarely used and therefore underdeveloped.This study elaborates a framework to evaluate and monitor the social impacts of a complex social housing and co-housing project. The method adopted implements the Social Life Cycle Assessment, integrating a Post Occupancy Evaluation as the main tool for collecting and analysing data. The presented assessment framework is elaborated for the E-Co-Housing Model, a new experimental model so far as the development of affordable housing in Budapest is concerned. However, it delivers a starting point for more complex sustainability analysis of residential buildings in general.The guideline for the Evaluation Framework is the methodology of the Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products, clarifying and improving some of its usual elements. The study of the E-Co-Housing Model shows that housing products, especially affordable and co-housing projects significantly differ from other products. The differences are their main stakeholder groups, their life cycle stages and in their impact ways too. Therefore, housing products need a special S-LCA methodology to assess in a balanced way the complex aspects of its environmental, economic, and social sustainability.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47392864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ontogenesis of human capital in an enterprise","authors":"","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-54-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-54-70","url":null,"abstract":"The management of the company traditionally faces the task of increasing the effectiveness of human capital (HC), its timely transformation, and the early accumulation of the necessary human resources. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to establish a rational set of transformations that HC goes through from its inception to the end of its existence. The human capital of an enterprise in the work is understood as a combination of the corporate human capital of the organization and the individual human capital of its employees. The methodological basis of the study was the four-component system economic theory, the evolutionary theory of the firm, in particular, the features of the life cycles of organizations (LCO) and, finally, the theory of human capital. The involvement of these scientific approaches made it possible to demonstrate that the evolution of human capital in the correct version (during the transition from one stage of the life cycle to another) occurs synchronously with the change in the management tasks of the enterprise that arise at each stage of the life cycle of the organization. They determine the priority requests to the elements of the human capital, leading to the rotation of the latter and the selection of the most demanded among them for the corresponding stage of the life cycle. From a scientific point of view, the main result of the work was the identification of unified key stages that make up a consistent cycle of development of the human capital of an enterprise (determining its evolution), as well as the establishment of the positions of corporate and individual human capital, the most focused on solving the problems of the corresponding stage. Verification of the results obtained was carried out on the example of the evolution of the basic elements of the enterprise’s human capital — corporate culture and management style. The conclusions drawn are intended to help the management of companies to determine the components of human capital, which are mainly in demand at the corresponding stages of the life of the organization, and to choose in a timely manner the ways to increase the potential and efficiency of personnel.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80513459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of management thought in the works of domestic authors: Essential characteristics of the subject of study in the history of management thought","authors":"I. V. Dvoluchansky","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-95-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-95-105","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to identify the essential characteristics of the subject of the history of management thought (HMT) in the works of domestic authors, published in the period from 1985 to 2022. To achieve this task, the following problems were solved: the works of leading scientists on this topic, who formulated their own position on the subject of HMT research, were analyzed; three essential characteristics of the subject of HMT research were identified; a critical analysis of the essential characteristics of the subject of HMT research was carried out. During the study, such approaches as analysis, synthesis, and comparison were used. The current formulation of the research subject of HMT as a science was critically analyzed, and the identified essential characteristics of the HMT. The subject can be the basis for further development of HMT research in specific areas. This approach to the understanding of the subject of HMT research may serve the further development of historical-management research and consolidation of HMT as a separate scientific discipline.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90896254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System paradigm as a theoretical basis for strategic economic management in modern conditions","authors":"G. Kleiner","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-6-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-6-19","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the turbulence of the global and national economy and the growing complexity of the interaction of the Russian economy with the Western world, it is necessary to expand the scope and improve the efficiency of organizations’ strategic management at all levels of the economy. Theoretical substantiation of strategic management, its connection with the theory of organization, the theory of the firm, the theory of industrial development and other theories also taking into account the specifics of the Russian economy are not sufficiently developed. In this regard, the formation of a theoretical and methodological basis for the development and implementation of strategic management of the domestic economy is of particular relevance. The article substantiates the expediency of using the system paradigm as a theoretical and ideological basis for developing goals, methods and means of strategic management of organizations. The essence of the system paradigm is revealed as a set of systemic methods of perception, cognition and transformation of the economy, including economic theory, economic practice, economic policy and economic management. The role of strategic management as a foundation and source of co-evolutionary development of the economic planning system, including strategic, calendar and operational management, is shown. The necessity and development of new types of strategic management based on the subject area’s non-quantitative (qualitative) target characteristics and focused on managing the organization’s value, spiritual and intellectual spheres are substantiated. As a new component of the theoretical basis of strategic management, the theory of systems’ spiral evolution is put forward, synthesizing the concept of linear sequential development of the system. According to this approach, the system is viewed as a change in the dominant value orientations and the concept of cyclic development of the system as the alternation of four phases of the dominance of the object, environment, process and project system’s complexes. The theoretical significance of the presented developments is associated with the evolution and deepening of a systems approach in economic research. The practical value lies in substantiating the feasibility of expanding the scope of strategic management using systemic tools to improve the efficiency and coordination of management at all levels of the economy.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79552094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the methodology for assessing the digital maturity index of Russian regions, taking into account aspects of the second and third stages of digital transformation of PMA based on foreign experience","authors":"V. Abramov, V. Andreev","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-32-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-32-46","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to identify and determine the directions and accounting factors included in the algorithm for assessing the digital maturity index of Russian regions to improve this methodology, taking into account aspects of the second and third stages of digital transformation of public and municipal administration (PMA). In the course of the work, methods of analysis, generalization and systematization were applied. The authors noted the problem of inconsistency of the target directions of the PMA digital transformation with the actual activities, indicated the expediency of taking into account the indicators in the proposed directions when assessing the digital maturity index in the regions of Russia. The paper defines digital ecosystems, reflects the relationship between their features and the methodology for assessing the digital transformation of public and municipal administration, the stages of which are characterized and specified by the example of foreign experience. The relevance of the research lies in the strategic need to find growth points to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of PMA in the context of digital realities.The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of using the proposed directions and accounting factors in the methodology for assessing digital maturity in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by public authorities while they are being modernized.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88091383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the balanced scorecard and the cost-benefit model for evaluate of social projects","authors":"I. Solntsev","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-83-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-83-94","url":null,"abstract":"Social initiatives are not always considered in the context of efficiency the solution of certain tasks often prevails, without taking into account the necessary investments or generated results. In the current crisis, when access to financial resources is extremely limited, the issue of efficiency is of particular relevance both for the state and for private investors implementing social projects. One of the most common methods for their evaluation is the balanced scorecard and the cost-benefit model. The purpose of this work is to study the features of the practical application of these tools for evaluating the effectiveness of social projects, the rationale for specific metrics, approaches to their integration into a single system, as well as consideration of some features of the calculations, for example, the justification of the social discount rate. The work used such scientific methods as analysis, comparison, generalization and modeling. The author adapts the balanced scorecard for the evaluation of social projects, explains its structure and offers a typical model that can be used regardless the field of application (health, education, sports, etc.). Today the presence of a fair evaluation system will become an important competitive advantage that makes this study interesting for government agencies at the federal and regional levels, government corporations and businesses, as well as charitable foundations.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85654560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal justification for the prevention of corruption risks associated with the participation of state civil servants in the management of commercial organizations","authors":"S. Eremin","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-47-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-47-53","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to investigate the problem of preventing corruption risks associated with the participation of state civil servants on a gratuitous basis in the management of organizations and enterprises of various forms of ownership.The objectives of the article are to study the cases of participation of persons holding public positions in the management of a commercial or non-profit organization allowed by the legislator. To consider the external and internal corruption risks associated with the participation of state civil servants on a gratuitous basis in the management of organizations and enterprises of various forms of ownership, to clarify the causes of their occurrence.The practical result of the study is that, based on the provisions of Russian and international legal acts, in particular ISO 26000, ISO 37000, ISO 37001 and ISO 37002 standards, a list of measures and conditions for preventing corruption risks associated with the participation of state civil servants on a gratuitous basis in the management of organizations and enterprises of various forms of ownership has been developed.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86248457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Russian еconomy: Challenges and ways for leveling and mitigation of their negative impact","authors":"","doi":"10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-20-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2023-13-1-20-31","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problems of the development of the domestic economy in non-standard conditions for the formation of market relations, when the implementation of market mechanisms is limited by the total non-market behavior of hostile countries, that is why the tasks of further scientific developments aimed at developing new anti-crisis approaches to the development of the Russian economy are updated and focused on ensuring national economic security in response to new challenges and threats in accordance with highly prioritized strategic national interests. The purpose of the study is to analyze the measures taken by the Government of the Russian Federation to ensure sustainable economic development and to substantiate new anti-crisis mobilizational approaches to regulating the Russian economy in the context of blocking total sanctions of the collective West. The research process was based on a set of general scientific methods, including analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and analogy, methods of comparison, matching, historical and logical method, interpretation, and others. It is concluded that it is possible and necessary to strengthen anti-crisis state regulation of the economy with its reorientation to a mobilization economic model and the formation of a balanced mechanism for the interaction of production and consumption in key sectors of the real sector of the Russian economy, taking into account Russia’s strategic priorities in modern business conditions. The practical significance of the results of the study lies in the possibility of their use in the field of state anti-crisis management and the development of strategies for the development of the national economy.","PeriodicalId":35958,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica, Social and Management Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75973172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}