Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''最新文献_第8页

[SOCIAL AND MEDICAL DETERMINANTS OF AGING (OVERVIEW)]. [老龄化的社会和医学决定因素（概述）]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1075-1080

A A Kukshina, N N Kamynina, V M Kuraeva, O S Oynotkinova

{"title":"[SOCIAL AND MEDICAL DETERMINANTS OF AGING (OVERVIEW)].","authors":"A A Kukshina, N N Kamynina, V M Kuraeva, O S Oynotkinova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1075-1080","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1075-1080","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of this study stems from the global challenge of population aging. This review, conducted according to PRISMA methodology based on the analysis of 45 scientific articles (2019-2025), systematizes key social and medical determinants of aging. Evidence indicates that socioeconomic status (SES) is a fundamental factor: low SES increases the risk of dementia, multimorbidity, and accelerated biological aging by limiting access to healthcare and healthy lifestyle choices. Conversely, education serves as a powerful protective factor, increasing vitality indicators by 15-30% through programs like «Universities of the Third Age». Social isolation shows a significant correlation with cognitive impairment and depression, as evidenced, for example, by a 23% decrease in the Active Longevity Index (ALI) observed in rural regions of the Russian Federation. Lifestyle factors, including nutrition and physical activity, are equally critical, as is the detrimental impact of environmental pollution in accelerating aging. Among medical determinants, chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes) and frailty/sarcopenia, affecting 52% of individuals over 80, play a leading role. Access to geriatric care remains limited (lt; 10% in low-income countries); however, telemedicine and the integration of geriatricians into primary care settings demonstrate efficacy. Genetic and environmental factors also exert a significant, unconditional influence on aging processes. Thus, the principal determinants influencing the quality of life of older adults inform the direction of efforts aimed at developing a comprehensive policy framework to combat premature aging.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"1075-1080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[NETWORKING BETWEEN MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES: POTENTIAL, MECHANISMS AND CHALLENGES]. [医科大学与商业企业的联网：潜力、机制和挑战]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1109-1114

V V Tonkonog, P I Ananchenkova

引用次数: 0

[Uncertainty of Results in Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Examination]. 临床诊断实验室检查结果的不确定性。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-977-981

V V Maslennikov

{"title":"[Uncertainty of Results in Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Examination].","authors":"V V Maslennikov","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-977-981","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-977-981","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the critical role of measurement uncertainty assessment in ensuring the reliability of the results of clinical diagnostic laboratories. A two-component measurement uncertainty model is analyzed which includes a component related to the traceability of results to the highest standards provided by the manufacturer of in vitro diagnostic systems and a component characterizing the reproducibility of measurements in a specific laboratory evaluated on the basis of in-laboratory quality control. The methodology for calculating the total measurement uncertainty is presented and its mandatory indication along with the analysis result in the format «Value ± measurement uncertainty (%)» which determines the range of possible values of the true value. The clinical importance of taking measurement uncertainty into account when interpreting laboratory data is emphasized. Using the example of the threshold value of anti-Muller hormone for deciding on the possibility of in vitro fertilization it is demonstrated how ignoring the uncertainty interval can lead to an erroneous refusal of treatment. The key challenges of the widespread introduction of measurement uncertainty into practice are noted: the need to maintain clinical diagnostic laboratories in a state of statistical manageability ensuring the reliability and completeness of data from in vitro diagnostic manufacturers modifying laboratory forms and most importantly training clinicians in the principles of interpreting results taking into account uncertainty. It is concluded that the integration of measurement uncertainty into routine laboratory reporting and clinical decision-making is a necessary condition for improving diagnostic quality minimizing errors and ensuring patient safety.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"977-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[ASPECTS OF FORMING A CAREER TRAJECTORY FOR A MEDICAL SPECIALIST]. [形成医学专家职业轨迹的几个方面]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-946-950

Y V Burdastova, E I Aksenova

{"title":"[ASPECTS OF FORMING A CAREER TRAJECTORY FOR A MEDICAL SPECIALIST].","authors":"Y V Burdastova, E I Aksenova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-946-950","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-946-950","url":null,"abstract":"Elimination of personnel shortage in healthcare has been one of the key tasks for several years. The reasons for the shortage of specialists have long been studied, but the situation is not changing as fast as we would like. The solution to the problem of shortage of medical workers, first of all, is the creation of suitable working conditions and opportunities for self-realization of healthcare personnel, while it is important to start the formation of a personnel reserve by attracting schoolchildren to the profession, then maintaining interest in the profession during training, and also promoting the adaptation and professional development of young specialists when they are employed. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of mentoring at each stage of the career trajectory of a young specialist. The information basis of the study is the data of sociological studies devoted to identifying modern challenges in the development of human resources in the healthcare system and organizational aspects of mentoring, in 2023-2024 in medical organizations subordinate to the Department of Health of the City of Moscow. The present study proposes to use a model of a \"seamless\" career trajectory for a health worker through a mentoring system.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"946-950"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Demanded areas and forms of professional development of management personnel in the capital's healthcare system]. [首都卫生系统管理人员专业发展的需求领域和形式]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1063-1068

O A Aleksandrova, O A Komolova

{"title":"[Demanded areas and forms of professional development of management personnel in the capital's healthcare system].","authors":"O A Aleksandrova, O A Komolova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1063-1068","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1063-1068","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study that included a survey of management personnel of Moscow medical organizations; interviews with heads of departments of polyclinics and with experts from the APE system; an analysis of the preliminary and subsequent questionnaires of students of the «Medical Organization Management» program. The attitudes of healthcare management personnel towards professional development, the range of areas of interest to them, and their attitude to various forms of education, including informal education, are shown. Since preparation for certification for a qualification category and special Moscow statuses can become an important step in professional development, the attitude of management personnel to these certification procedures was studied. An analysis of the results of the «entrance» and final questionnaires of students made it possible to assess the compliance of the advanced training program with the needs of managers, and the opinion of experts made it possible to clarify the most appropriate areas and formats of training.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"1063-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Development of a methodology for calculating the need for medical staffing taking into account the regulatory framework and infrastructure indicators]. [制定一种计算医疗人员需求的方法，同时考虑到监管框架和基础设施指标]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1038-1043

Y Y Shvets

{"title":"[Development of a methodology for calculating the need for medical staffing taking into account the regulatory framework and infrastructure indicators].","authors":"Y Y Shvets","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1038-1043","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1038-1043","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of calculating the personnel needs in healthcare remains key for the sustainable functioning of the medical care system and ensuring the availability of medical services. This paper provides a critical analysis of regulatory documents and methods used in the Russian Federation to assess the need for medical and paramedical personnel. Particular attention is paid to orders No. 230 and No. 974 of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation their applicability to various types of institutions the role of part-time job coefficients reception time standards as well as the impact of regional amendments. Approaches to calculating the need are considered from the point of view of adaptability to the actual workload and infrastructure development scenarios. The main limitations of existing approaches are presented: outdated standards lack of an updating mechanism in the context of demographic shifts and data heterogeneity. Based on a summary of sources official statistics and expert assessments a step-by-step methodology for calculating the personnel needs has been developed including elements of scenario modeling digitalization and automation of the calculation process. Explanatory charts and tables illustrate typical approaches to working with data as well as potential distortions when using incorrect coefficients. The proposed scheme is aimed at integrating personnel planning into the management practice of regional bodies and medical organizations in order to improve the validity of decisions made.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"1038-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[HEALTH WORKERS' COMMITMENT TO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE]. [卫生工作者对健康生活方式的承诺]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-958-963

I B Nazarova

{"title":"[HEALTH WORKERS' COMMITMENT TO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE].","authors":"I B Nazarova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-958-963","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-958-963","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one of the main conditions for health preservation. The paper examines subjective predictors of commitment to a healthy lifestyle as assessed by health workers. The article is based on a secondary analysis of data from the study «Study of the Human Resources Potential of Moscow Healthcare» conducted in 2023 by the State Budgetary Institution «Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of the Moscow Department of Healthcare» - NIIOZMM. 1,449 specialists - doctors and nurses of medical organizations of the capital were surveyed. Most of the study participants (67%) answered that their lifestyle is rather healthy, a quarter (26%) - unhealthy, 6% could not give an answer. Employees with secondary specialized education are less likely to note commitment to a healthy lifestyle (59%), and those who have completed residency - more often (74%). Commitment to a healthy lifestyle is more often demonstrated by employees working in medical organizations that carry out activities to form a healthy lifestyle among the population (78%). The main predictors of refusal to lead a healthy lifestyle based on logistic regression were identified as the perceptions of health workers about the conditions that hinder health behavior: lack of confidence in the benefits of a healthy lifestyle, lack of support from others, the presence of psychological problems, stress at work and at home. On the contrary, employees committed to a healthy lifestyle consider it important for the population to trust medical organizations and health workers. They are ready to bear responsibility for the healthy lifestyle of the population along with the state and the people themselves.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"958-963"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[HEALTH PROGNOSIS ISSUES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT AGE AND REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS]. [考虑到年龄和地区特点的健康预后问题]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1011-1015

V E Andrusov

引用次数: 0

[THE PLACE AND ROLE OF FAMILY PLANNING IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE: THIRTY YEARS OF RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE]. [计划生育在生殖保健中的地位和作用：俄罗斯三十年经验]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1032-1037

E S Vorobtsova

{"title":"[THE PLACE AND ROLE OF FAMILY PLANNING IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE: THIRTY YEARS OF RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE].","authors":"E S Vorobtsova","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1032-1037","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-1032-1037","url":null,"abstract":"The urgent problem of saving people in Russia requires an analysis of the causes and factors that hinder the expanded reproduction of the population. One of them should be considered the low level of reproductive health of the population. The family planning movement which was formed and developed in Russia in the 1990s plays an essential role in maintaining and strengthening the reproductive health of the population. An analysis of Russias thirty year experience in this field allows us to state positive results - a decrease in maternal and infant mortality rates the prevalence of artificial abortions the formation of rational contraceptive behavior of the population. A network of medical organizations has been established that provide medical and social assistance to the population on family planning issues. However to date a number of issues remain unresolved - the development of a national concept of sexual education and youth education the development of a multiprofessional approach and interdepartmental interaction in matters of preserving and strengthening the reproductive health of the population.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"1032-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[QUALIFICATION ISSUES OF OLDER MEDICAL SPECIALISTS]. [老年医学专家的资格问题]。

Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura'' Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-982-987

O A Kolennikova, M S Toksanbaeva

{"title":"[QUALIFICATION ISSUES OF OLDER MEDICAL SPECIALISTS].","authors":"O A Kolennikova, M S Toksanbaeva","doi":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-982-987","DOIUrl":"10.32687/0869-866X-2025-33-s2-982-987","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of employing older medical professionals is driven by the need to address the workforce shortage in the healthcare sector. The qualifications of these specialists are significantly influenced by their work experience in their specialty, which correlates with age-related characteristics. The study utilized statistics from the Moscow Department of Healthcare and data from surveys with specialists working within the Moscow healthcare system. The primary focus was on the qualifications of physicians. The study examined physicians proficiency in both hard and soft professional skills and found that, in most cases, older physicians outperform younger and mid-career professionals in acquiring hard skills. In terms of soft skills, older physicians lead in competencies such as patient communication and teamwork. Overall, it can be concluded that the qualifications of older physicians often surpass those of other age groups. However, they do face age-related limitations, such as reduced activity levels and weaker cognitive functions, which must be taken into account in continuing medical education programs and work schedules. With proper organization of labour and additional training, the performance of older physicians can be as successful as that of their middle-aged colleagues.","PeriodicalId":35946,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''","volume":"33 0","pages":"982-987"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145483145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0