International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry最新文献

{"title":"EVALUATION OF U-Net AND ResNet ARCHITECTURES FOR BIOMEDICAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION","authors":"M. Çalişan, Veysel Gündüzalp, Nevzat Olgun","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1366431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1366431","url":null,"abstract":"Medical professionals need methods that provide reliable information in diagnosing and monitoring neurological diseases. Among such methods, studies based on medical image analysis are essential among the active research topics in this field. Tumor segmentation is a popular area, especially with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Early diagnosis of tumours plays an essential role in the treatment process. This situation also increases the survival rate of the patients. Manually segmenting a tumour from MR images is a difficult and time-consuming task within the anatomical knowledge of medical professionals. This has necessitated the need for automatic segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNN), one of the deep learning methods that provide the most advanced results in the field of tumour segmentation, play an important role. This study, tumor segmentation was performed from brain and heart MR images using CNN-based U-Net and ResNet50 deep network architectures. In the segmentation process, their performance was tested using Dice, Sensitivity, PPV and Jaccard metrics. High performance levels were sequentially achieved using the U-Net network architecture on brain images, with success rates of approximately 98.47%, 98.1%, 98.85%, and 96.07%","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"162 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY TO DESIGN GYROID HEAT EXCHANGERS FOR METAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING","authors":"Ahmet Dayanç, Melih Canlidi̇nç, F. Karakoç","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1365189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1365189","url":null,"abstract":"This methodology demonstrates the innovative potential in the design and production of compact heat exchangers by combining metal additive manufacturing and advanced engineering software, nTopology. The study aims to offer a modern enhancement to traditional 'Shell and Tube' type heat exchangers. Thanks to implicit modeling and parametric design features, complex internal structures of the gyroid type can be designed for such heat exchangers. The most striking aspect of the methodology is the complete automation of the design process. This is achieved by consolidating specified geometric parameters into a single function block, thereby enabling a fast and flexible workflow. Gyroid structures with high thermal performance and fluid dynamics can be optimized for various volumes and geometries. These structures can improve the overall efficiency of heat exchangers and offer significant advantages, especially for specialized application areas such as aerospace and space industries. In the design of the complex internal structure, special geometric parts called 'baffles' are also included to prevent the mixing of fluids. These parts are seamlessly integrated into the automated design process, enhancing the overall automation performance. Geometric parts are dynamically linked with other design parameters like pipe diameter, plenum area, and gyroid interface. During the design process of the gyroid heat exchanger, attention must be paid to the tolerances of metal additive manufacturing and the design principles for additive manufacturing. The heat transfer coefficients of materials like aluminum and copper alloys can be decisive in the effectiveness of the design. Therefore, it is of critical importance to consider material selection and manufacturing tolerances during the design process. In conclusion, this study shows that additive manufacturing and advanced engineering software can create a synergistic effect in the design and production of heat exchangers. To reach the maximum level of this effect, factors such as manufacturing limitations and material selection need to be carefully considered.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139251263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF OVER OBSTACLE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AUXETIC AIRLESS TYRES","authors":"Ahmet Üzün, M. Y. Kayacan","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1336826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1336826","url":null,"abstract":"Advancing technologies are leading to the development of airless tire designs that can perform well on challenging road conditions. These designs include lattice structures, mesh structures, and periodic structures, among others. In this study, three different tire designs were analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate their strength and dynamic behavior. Dynamic analyses were conducted on two commercial designs and one original design with re-entrant lattice structures. The study found that these structures are versatile as they provide multiple load paths to resist deformation and failure, and they can be modified to produce different properties like stiffness and strength. The original design with re-entrant structures demonstrated mechanical properties that were twice as good as other commercial tires. Moreover, a spline-lined structure was developed, and it was discovered that a two-stage tire design could enhance strength. The analyses were conducted at specific and controlled speeds with a designated bump size. In total, nine analyses were performed, making a significant contribution to the development of airless tire design.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LASER POLISHING OF ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED TITANIUM ALLOY IN OPEN AIR ATMOSPHERE","authors":"Tolgahan Ermergen, F. Taylan","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1350367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1350367","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing, which has gained significant growth in recent years, enables the manufacturing of complex geometries. However, additively manufactured parts often need post-processing to improve the surface quality and mitigate residual stresses. Laser polishing of metals is a high-quality technology to reduce the surface roughness of the metals. In this work, the surface morphology and microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) Grade 5 are investigated before and after the laser polishing process. The distinctness of this study is that the specimen was polished in a completely open atmosphere without any protective gas. The results revealed that the surface roughness was able to improve up to 50% even in a complete open-air atmosphere. A recast layer with a high degree of oxidation was obtained during the polishing of titanium alloy due to Oxygen in the atmosphere. According to the amount of oxidation level, the polished surface of the material was hardened.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"298 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USAGE OF 3D PRINTER MATERIALS IN RADIOTHERAPY: DOSIMETRIC EVALUATION","authors":"S. Karacam, Duygu Tunçman, M. Dağdelen, Ö. Uzel","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1323486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1323486","url":null,"abstract":"Radyoterapide hasta uygulamalarında ‘bolus’ olarak isimlendirilen doku eşdeğeri malzemeler ya da hasta tedavileri öncesi cihaz kalibrasyonunda doku eşdeğeri fantomlar kullanılmaktadır. Ancak ticari olarak satılan bu malzemeler standart boyutlarda üretilerek satışı yapılmakta; farklı dizaynlara duyulan ihtiyacı karşılamamaktadır. Son yıllarda farklı dizaynlarda üretim ihtiyacını karşılamada 3 boyutlu (3B) yazıcılar önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada kullanımı giderek artan 3B yazıcılarda kullanım için üretilmiş Tough PLA (Poliaktik Asit) White, TPU (Termoplastik Poliüretan) 95A ve Nylon (Polyamide) malzemelerinin radyasyona verdikleri cevabın dozimetrik olarak değerlendirilmesi hedeflendi. BT simülatör cihazında Hounsfiel Unit (HU) değerleri belirlendi. Dozimetrik ölçümler Varian DHX lineer hızlandırıcısında elde edilen 6 MV nominal foton enerjisi kullanılarak yapıldı. Yüzde derin doz (%DD) ve doz profili ölçümleri su fantomunda, ışın geçirgenlik ölçümleri katı fantomda yapıldı. Malzemelerin ortalama HU yoğunlukları -8,61 ile -441,08 arasında değişmektedir. PLA malzemesi ort. -24,72 ile suyun HU değeri (0)’ ne en yakın sonuçları vermiştir. % derin doz ve penumbra değerleri %2 ve ±2 mm içerisinde bulundu. Tüm malzemelere ait geçirgenlik ölçümleri değerlendirildiğinde RW3 katı su fantomu plakası ile değişimin maksimum % 0,2 olduğu görüldü. 3B yazıcıda basılan malzemelerin dozimetrik parametrelerinin birbirlerine benzer sonuçlar verdiği ancak hastada kişisel malzeme olarak kullanılmadan önce basım özellikleri ve malzeme değişkenlikleri sebebiyle kullanılacak malzemenin dozimetrik olarak değerlendirilmesi uygun gözükmektedir.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MECHANICAL SHAFT OPTIMIZATION: A STUDY ON STATIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND TOPOLOGICAL OPTIMIZATION IN ANSYS","authors":"Muhammed Tayyip Koçak, Mehmet Said Bayraklilar","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1366605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1366605","url":null,"abstract":"Shafts are extensively used in engineering fields serving roles, in power transmission and rotational movement. Hence, they hold significance. This study focuses on analyzing the structure of a selected shaft model derived from research. Subsequently, topology optimization is applied based on the obtained findings. ANSYS software is utilized for performing analysis and optimization analysis. Following the completion of these analyses, the results are thoroughly examined. The optimization process resulted in a reduction, in the weight of the shaft model. Furthermore, upon examination, it was determined that stress and strain values decreased while deformation increased—an outcome. However, an increase in deformation has been observed, which is a negative result. Consequently, it becomes imperative to explore outcomes by modifying selected parameters to achieve optimal results and enhance the model further. Ultimately this study successfully demonstrates the potential of topology optimization wherein lighter and stronger models can be created while utilizing resources efficiently.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D BASKILI BETON KOMPOZİT DUVAR PANELLERİNİN STANDART YANGIN KOŞULUNDAKİ DUVAR İÇ YÜZEY SICAKLIK DEĞİŞİMİNİN BULANIKLAŞTIRILMASI","authors":"Ferhat Pakdamar, Şevval Kaplan, N. Coşgun","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1314119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1314119","url":null,"abstract":"Yapı sektöründe 3 Boyutlu baskı (3DP) teknolojisi, potansiyel avantajları nedeniyle hızlanan bir büyüme performansı sergilemiştir. Sektöre hızlı giren bu teknoloji birçok açıdan incelenmiş olup, yangına karşı olan yalıtım performansının da incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda 3D basılı beton (3DPC) duvarlar için, yangın performansına ilişkin ayrıntılı bir araştırma gerekli olduğu belirtilmektedir. Literatür taraması sonucunda Sonlu Eleman Modelleri (FEM'ler) kullanarak yapılan detaylı bir çalışma incelenmiş. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen verilerin bilinmeyen ara değerlerini insan düşünme sistemine yakın bir yöntem olan bulanık mantık ile tespit etmek için bulanık küme yöntemi ile model geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın üç farklı konfigürasyonunun yoğunluktaki girdi ve çıktı verileri kullanılmıştır. Her bir yoğunluk ve duvar konfigürasyonu için kurallar oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan modelden elde edilen verilerle tablo ve grafikler oluşturularak ara değerler belirlenmiştir. Analiz ve bulgular bağlamında çalışmaya konu duvar konfigürasyonlarının yangına karşı dayanım verimliliği değerlendirilmiştir.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139289389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTEGRATING 3D PRINTING IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION: PERCEPTIONS FROM PRE-SCHOOL TEACHERS AND PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS","authors":"Ayşegül Aslan","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1331481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1331481","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid advancements in technology, various educational technologies have been employed to facilitate the teaching process in the education system. One of the popular technologies is 3D printing, which finds applications from early childhood education to higher levels of instruction. This study aims to determine the perspectives of pre-school teachers and prospective teachers regarding the use of 3D printing technology in early childhood education. The study group consisted of 15 pre-school teachers and 17 prospective teachers. The research method employed was the case study approach. An online survey form with appropriate open-ended questions was utilized as the data collection tool. Data obtained from the study were analyzed through content analysis. The results revealed that pre-school teachers and prospective teachers have a superficial knowledge of 3D printing technology. Although the materials required for teaching varied based on the needs of children and teachers, certain common skills were emphasized in the instructional process. Some difficulties were encountered in acquiring these materials, which could be overcome by utilizing 3D printing technology. Furthermore, teachers and prospective teachers showed preferences for different features in the design of materials. In future studies, it is recommended to identify materials that captivate children's interests based on the perspectives of teachers and candidates. Providing necessary academic support to participants for material production and conducting similar studies in various disciplines are also suggested.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"285 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATIK OLİVİN TOZU İKAMESİ İLE ÜRETİLEN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR ÇİMENTONUN EĞİLME DAYANIMININ OPTİMİZASYONU: YANIT YÜZEYİ METODOLOJİSİNİN BİR UYGULAMASI","authors":"Dr. Şükrü Özkan","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1332701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1332701","url":null,"abstract":"Çimentoda atık olivin tozu (AOT) ikamesi, kabul edilebilir mekanik özelliklere sahip çimento üretiminin yanı sıra maden atıklarının geri dönüşümü ve çevre sorunlarının azaltılması için de uygun bir alternatiftir. Bu araştırma, AOT ile üretilen çimento karışımlarının hem atık geri dönüşümü hem de yüksek eğilme dayanımı açısından optimum karışım oranını belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, çimento ve AOT içeriği ile hidratasyon süresi olmak üzere üç bağımsız değişkenin, çimentoların eğilme dayanımı tepki değişkeni üzerindeki etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Bağımsız ve yanıt değişkenleri ilişkisinin modellenmesi ve optimizasyon senaryosunun çok amaçlı optimizasyonu için yanıt yüzeyi metodolojisi (YYM) ve arzu edilirlik fonksiyonu yönteminin bir kombinasyonu uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, atık geri dönüşümü ve çimento üretimi açısından en iyi optimizasyon senaryosunun, AOT ve eğilme dayanımını en üst düzeye çıkarmak ve çimento miktarını en aza indirmek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu senaryo için çimento içeriği ve hidratasyon süresinin optimum değerleri sırasıyla 410 kg/m3 ve 90 gün ve bu durumda çimento eğilme dayanımı ise yaklaşık 11.23 MPa olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sürdürülebilirliğe doğru bir adım olarak bu çalışmanın sonuçları, araştırmacılara hem atık geri dönüşümü hem de çimento üretimi açısından en verimli koşulu bulma konusunda yeni bilgiler sunmaktadır.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139317826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3B YAZICIYLA BASKILANAN ÇİMENTO ESASLI HARÇLARDA KATMANLAR ARASI BAĞ DAYANIMININ İNCELENMESİ","authors":"Tayfun Uygunoğlu, Feyza Çeti̇ngül","doi":"10.46519/ij3dptdi.1316578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46519/ij3dptdi.1316578","url":null,"abstract":"Geleneksel yöntemlerle bina üretimi yıllardır kullanılmakta olan bir yöntemken, son yıllarda üç boyutlu yazıcılarla bina üretimi giderek daha popüler hale gelmektedir. Üç boyutlu yazıcılarla üretilen yapıların en önemli özelliklerinden biri, katmanlı üretim tekniğidir. Bu çalışmada, eklemeli imalat yöntemi ile 25 katmanlı olarak baskılanan bir yapının en alt katmandan en üst katmana kadar olan katmanlar arası bağ dayanımı incelenmiştir. Üst üste gelen katmanların ağırlıklarının katmanlar arası bağ bölgelerine etkisi ve yazdırılma aşamasında oluşacak herhangi bir kesintiden ötürü oluşabilecek soğuk derz riski farklı zamanlarda bekleme gerçekleştirilerek araştırılmıştır. Öncelikle taze harcın ekstrüde edilebilirlik ve akışkanlığa karşı gösterdiği direnç özellikleri arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiştir. Priz alma süresine bakıldığında yazdırılma işleminden 90 dk sonra priz başladığı ve 250 dk geçtikten sonra da priz işleminin sona erdiği görüldü. Katmanlar arası bağ dayanımlarına bakıldığında ilk yazdırılan yani alt katmanların arasındaki bağ dayanımının üst katmanlar arasındakine göre daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Farklı zaman aralıklarında soğuk derz oluşturulan katmanların bağ dayanımı incelendiğinde her geçen zamanın katmanlar arası bağ dayanımını düşürdüğü gözlemlenmiştir.","PeriodicalId":358444,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}