International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials最新文献

{"title":"Complete Workflow of Internal Nozzle Flow and Engine Simulation Using Multi-Component Fuel at Flash Boiling Conditions","authors":"Bejoy Mandumpala Devassy, Yidan Zhang, Enyuan Zhang, Long Zhou","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100008","url":null,"abstract":"Article Complete Workflow of Internal Nozzle Flow and Engine Simulation Using Multi-Component Fuel at Flash Boiling Conditions Bejoy Mandumpala Devassy 1, Yidan Zhang 2, * , Enyuan Zhang 2, and Long Zhou 2 1 AVL LIST GmbH, Hans-List-Platz 1, Graz 8020, Austria 2 AVL List Technical Center (Shanghai) Co., LTD. Shanghai 201206, China * Correspondence: yidan.zhang@avl.com Received: 17 May 2023 Accepted: 1 September 2023 Published: 14 September 2023 Abstract: At present 3D CFD simulation tools are getting more and more importance for addressing complex physical problems. This article presents a complete virtual analysis of the in-cylinder workflow in gasoline engine at flash boiling condition. Using the standard gasoline surrogate fuel PACE-20, properties of different fuel components was considered both the nozzle and in-cylinder flow. The flow, evaporation, spray jet interaction and spray collapse under flash boiling condition was studied. Molar density fraction was used to describe fuel component distribution for both gas phase and liquid phase. Based on nozzle flow simulation result, in-cylinder simulation has been done, the distribution of different fuel components and the influence on wall film, flame propagation, emission distribution has been studied. It shows that the simulation results have good agreement with testing data, and it proves the model validation for gasoline engine virtual development method under flash boiling conditions.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134972798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics of a GDI Spray Under Various Thermodynamic Conditions","authors":"Jian Li, Lulu Li, Rujie Xiao, Yuanfei Liang, Shuyi Qiu, Xuesong Li","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100007","url":null,"abstract":"Article Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics of a GDI Spray Under Various Thermodynamic Conditions Jian Li 1, Lulu Li 1, Rujie Xiao 1, Yuanfei Liang 1, Shuyi Qiu 2, and Xuesong Li 2,* 1 SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd., 18 Hexi Rd, Liunan District, Liuzhou 545001, China 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China * Correspondence: xuesonl@sjtu.edu.cn Received: 12 June 2023 Accepted: 9 August 2023 Published: 28 August 2023 Abstract: Gasoline direct injection (GDI) is the most common and advanced fuel supply strategy for gasoline engines. The fuel atomization quality and fuel/air mix degree determine the subsequent combustion efficiency and emissions. However, the engine works in complex conditions which have numerous thermodynamic boundary conditions, and the characteristics of fuel atomization also change accordingly. It is necessary to clarify the influence of various thermodynamic conditions on the GDI spray. In this work, three different types of optics diagnostic methods were utilized to capture the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of a commercial GDI injector spray under various thermodynamic boundary conditions. Specifically, Mie-scattering photography was employed to get the macroscopic parameters; planar Mie-scattering photography was utilized to get the spray pattern; phase Doppler interferometry (PDI) was used to get the microscopic characteristic, i.e., the droplet size distributions. It is found from this study that higher injection pressure, lower ambient pressure, and lower ambient temperature would lead to longer penetration and larger plume width. Lower ambient pressure and higher ambient temperature would cause a smaller spray pattern. Higher injection pressure, lower ambient pressure, and higher ambient temperature would result in smaller droplet sizes.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135135435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic Modelling of Car-Following Behaviour: Developments and Future Directions","authors":"Yinglong He, Quan Zhou, Chongming Wang, Ji Li, Bin Shuai, Lei Lei, Hongming Xu","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100006","url":null,"abstract":"Review\u0000Microscopic Modelling of Car-Following Behaviour: Developments and Future Directions\u0000\u0000Yinglong He 1, * , Quan Zhou 2, * , Chongming Wang 3, Ji Li 2, Bin Shuai 2, Lei Lei 4, and Hongming Xu 2\u0000\u0000\u00001 School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK\u00002 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK\u00003 Institutes for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK\u00004 College of Information Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China\u0000* Correspondence: yinglong.he@surrey.ac.uk (Y.H.); q.zhou@bham.ac.uk (Q.Z.)\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 17 April 2023\u0000Accepted: 21 June 2023\u0000Published: 27 June 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: The study of driving behaviour has become increasingly important in the development of transport and vehicle technologies. Microscopic traffic models simulate individual driver behaviour to understand and predict traffic flow. One of the key components in microscopic simulation is the car-following (CF) model, which describes the behaviour of vehicles in terms of how they follow the vehicle in front of them. Some excellent reviews of CF models are available, however, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, none of them provides a comprehensive analysis that covers and compares different model categories including kinematics-based, dynamics-based, psychological-based, and learning-based. This paper, therefore, provides an overview of the developments and future directions of CF models, encompassing all the previously mentioned categories. It first introduces the fundamental concepts of traffic models, in particular CF models. It then reviews the progress of CF models, which are classified into the above four categories. The advantages and limitations of existing CF models are discussed. The paper further identifies several research directions for future work, including the integration of emerging vehicle technologies, the incorporation of real-world traffic data, and the calibration and validation of model parameters. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the need for further research to improve the accuracy and practicality of CF models.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122551813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Dependent Vehicle Speed Variation Based Global Path Planning for Intelligent Connected Vehicles","authors":"Sihao Chen, Zhenfeng Wang, Zheng Liu, Xianyi Yang, Heng Wang","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100005","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Time-Dependent Vehicle Speed Variation Based Global Path Planning for Intelligent Connected Vehicles\u0000\u0000Sihao Chen 1,2, Zhenfeng Wang 1,2, Zhengbai Liu 3, Xianyi Yang 1,2, and Heng Wang 1,2,*\u0000\u0000\u00001 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China\u00002 Henan Provincial Cold Chain Information and Equipment Laboratory for Logistics of Agricultural Products, Zhengzhou 450002, China\u00003 College of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China\u0000* Correspondence: dawn.wangh@henau.edu.cn\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 8 May 2023\u0000Accepted: 29 May 2023\u0000Published: 21 June 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: When an intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) autonomously completes an intelligent driving assignment, the decision planning layer needs to plan an optimal path from the starting location to the target location for the vehicle, which is referred to as global path planning (GPP) for the ICV. For the GPP of ICVs undertaking long-distance and multi-location driving assignments, a fixed open travelling salesman problem (TSP) was constructed in conjunction with travel time analysis. To better address this issue, a genetic annealing algorithm (GAA) was proposed, and corresponding simulations were conducted using genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, and GAA respectively. Based on the optimization processes and results, the GAA outperformed the traditional genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm in tackling this issue. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper can be applied to the global path planning platform for intelligent networked vehicles.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127635569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spark Plasma Stretching and Ignition Improvement via High Frequency Pulsed Current Boost","authors":"Linyan Wang, Xiao Yu, Zhi Yang Ong, Simon Leblanc, M. Zheng","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100004","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Spark Plasma Stretching and Ignition Improvement via High Frequency Pulsed Current Boost\u0000\u0000Linyan Wang , Xiao Yu , Zhi Yang Ong , Simon LeBlanc , and Ming Zheng ,*\u0000\u0000\u0000Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, N9B 3P4 Ontario, Canada\u0000* Correspondence: mzheng@uwindsor.ca\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 9 May 2023\u0000Accepted: 12 May 2023\u0000Published: 19 June 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: In modern engines, the improvement of fuel efficiency and reduction of exhaust emissions have become increasingly important, with the consequent need for improved performance and advancement of ignition systems. The ignition mechanisms utilized in modern engines frequently encounter a fuel-lean or gas-diluted blend of substantial density and vigorous airflow. Under such conditions, the spark plasma is influenced by gas movements, specifically crossflows that occur in a voluminous manner. The gas motions can stretch the plasma channel, thereby amplifying the total discharge energy compared to quiescent conditions. It has been proven that an increased discharge current is an efficacious method for extending the duration of spark plasma stretching. Nevertheless, high discharge current can increase the energy consumption of ignition systems and consequently, influence the durability and overall energy efficiency of the system. Moreover, the persistent flow of intense electrical current leads to prompt erosion of the spark electrode, impacting the durability of the spark plug. In this study, a novel ignition strategy of high-frequency pulsed currents is introduced, to enhance the effectiveness of plasma stretching and energy discharge while minimizing the overall energy usage of ignition systems. A high-frequency pulsed discharge strategy is accomplished within the controlled duration without affecting the plasma stretching phenomenon. The plasma channel behaviors are logged using electrical and optical measurements. Furthermore, the discharge frequency and current level impacts of the boosted current pulses on the plasma stretching behavior and flame propagation are also investigated.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123566370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimethyl Ether to Power Next-Generation Road Transportation","authors":"Simon Leblanc, Xiao Yu, Linyan Wang, M. Zheng","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100003","url":null,"abstract":"Review\u0000Dimethyl Ether to Power Next-Generation Road Transportation\u0000\u0000Simon LeBlanc , Xiao Yu , Linyan Wang , and Ming Zheng , *\u0000\u0000\u0000Department of Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, N9B 3P4 Ontario, Canada\u0000* Correspondence: mzheng@uwindsor.ca\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 20 March 2023\u0000Accepted: 8 June 2023\u0000Published: 19 June 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: The prevailing transportation uses internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels that bear the reputation of carbon dioxide release among other harmful emissions. As an alternative, dimethyl ether (DME) has shown a high potential to mitigate emission challenges. The properties of DME present a highly reactive and volatile fuel suitable for clean combustion. However, the onboard handling of liquified DME is an ongoing challenge, especially for high-pressure direct injection applications. This paper aims to evaluate the sustainability, fuel handling, and combustion characteristics of DME as a clean and efficient fuel for sustainable on-road transportation. Strategies toward integrating DME fuel for automotive applications are emphasized. An overview of DME production is provided with relevance to current industry practices. Thereafter, the chemical and physical properties of DME are highlighted. The handling challenges of DME are accentuated, and accordingly, recommendations are made for setting up fuel management systems applicable to on-road engines and research laboratories. The DME fueling configurations, e.g., port injection and direct injection, are summarized. Empirical tests studied the engine and emission performance of DME combustion. Ultra-low NOx and smoke emissions, with high combustion efficiency, are achieved.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127791831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future High-Efficiency and Zero-Emission Argon Power Cycle Engines: A Review","authors":"Chenxu Wang, Shao Jin, J. Deng, Weiqi Ding, Yongjian Tang, Liguang Li","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100002","url":null,"abstract":"Review\u0000Future High-Efficiency and Zero-Emission Argon Power Cycle Engines: A Review\u0000\u0000Chenxu Wang , Shaoye Jin , Jun Deng , Weiqi Ding , Yongjian Tang , and Liguang Li ,*\u0000\u0000\u0000School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China\u0000* Correspondence: liguang@tongji.edu.cn\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 27 February 2023\u0000Accepted: 23 May 2023\u0000Published: 13 June 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: This paper reviews the theoretical and experimental researches on Argon Power Cycle (APC) engines. Hydrogen-fueled APC is an innovative power system for a high efficiency and zero emissions, which employs argon rather than nitrogen as a diluent. Due to the large specific heat ratio of argon, the thermodynamic efficiency of APC engines is significantly higher compared to conventional internal combustion engines. However, APC engines face the challenge of knock inhibition, especially when using hydrogen as a fuel. Therefore, this paper summarizes the strategies and technologies to suppress the knock of hydrogen-fueled APC engines, including using alternative fuels with greater anti-knock capacity, lean combustion, and water injection. Furthermore, some guidance opinions are also provided for reference about the development and industrialization of APC engines, such as ultra-lean combustion, which uses pistons with thermal insulation coatings, employing low-friction lubricants, and developing efficient multi-component membrane separation system for argon separation.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133860446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Big-Data Monitoring and Assessment Framework for Internal Combustion Engine with Various Biofuels","authors":"Ming Zhang, Vikas Sharma, Zezhong Wang, Y. Jia, A. Hossain, Yuchun Xu","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2023.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2023.100001","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Online Big-Data Monitoring and Assessment Framework for Internal Combustion Engine with Various Biofuels\u0000\u0000Ming Zhang 1,*, Vikas Sharma 2, Zezhong Wang 1, Yu Jia 1, Abul Kalam Hossain 1, and Yuchun Xu 1\u0000\u0000\u00001 College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK\u00002 School of Architecture, Technology and Engineering, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK\u0000* Correspondence: m.zhang21@aston.ac.uk\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 14 December 2022\u0000Accepted: 26 April 2023\u0000Published: 30 May 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: As the primary power source for automobiles, the internal combustion (IC) engines have been widely used and served millions of people worldwide. With increasingly stringent environmental regulations, biofuels have been obtained more attentions and are being used as alternative fuel to power IC engines. However, there are currently no standard solutions or well-established monitoring and assessment methods that can effectively evaluate the IC engine’s performance with biofuels. The expectation for biofuels is to keep the engine’s lifetime as long as the conventional fuels, or even longer. Otherwise, their usage would be unnecessary because they would reduce the lifecycle of the engine and also cause more waste and pollution. To address this challenge, we initially designed two biofuels: waste cooking oil biofuel (WCOB) and lamb fat biofuel (LFB). Then we proposed an online big-data monitoring and assessment framework for IC engines operating with various types of fuel. We conducted comprehensive experiments and comparisons based on the proposed framework. The results indicate that LFB performs best under all the performance indicators.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115137816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative Fuels in Automotive Vehicles","authors":"Zheng Liu","doi":"10.53941/ijamm0201007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm0201007","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial\u0000Alternative Fuels in Automotive Vehicles\u0000\u0000Zhengbai Liu\u0000\u0000\u0000School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; liuzb3@sustc.edu.cn\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 20 March 2023\u0000Accepted: 24 March 2023\u0000Published: 24 March 2023\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122332394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of the Free Piston Engine Generator and Its Control","authors":"P. Brosnan, G. Tian, Umberto Montanaro, S. Cockerill","doi":"10.53941/ijamm0201006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm0201006","url":null,"abstract":"Review\u0000A Comprehensive Review of the Free Piston Engine Generator and Its Control\u0000\u0000Patrick Brosnan 1, Guohong Tian 1, * , Umberto Montanaro 1, and Sam Cockerill 2\u0000\u0000\u00001 School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK\u00002 Libertine FPE Ltd., Sheffield S9 1DA, UK\u0000* Correspondence: g.tian@surrey.ac.uk; Tel.: +44-1483-300-800\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 2 February 2023\u0000Accepted: 10 March 2023\u0000Published: 23 March 2023\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: The Free Piston Engine (FPE) is a unique machine with a higher thermal efficiency than its counterpart, the Conventional Reciprocating Piston Engine (CPE). The unique piston motion of the FPE is not constrained kinematically like the CPE with its connecting crankshaft and rotational inertial masses. Moreover, when directly coupled to the Linear Electric Machine (LEM) to harness electric energy production, the Free Piston Engine Generator’s (FPEG) characteristic motion, now being dynamically constrained, permits an extensive range of piston trajectory profiles to be exploited during operation. In addition, exploring varied piston trajectories during the development stages may be vital in reducing in-cylinder combustion emissions through strategies such as Low-Temperature Combustion (LTC) and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI). This review paper will focus on the key motivations and drivers for continued FPEG development. It will also highlight and review its distinct advantages and challenges in being a viable solution as a future zero-carbon engine technology. Finally, FPE fundamentals, alongside its rich history, will be introduced, clearly presenting how academia and industry have described and controlled its intrinsic non-linear dynamics.","PeriodicalId":358160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117092394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}