Arboricultural Journal最新文献

{"title":"Urban forest education and ecosystem services","authors":"I. Rotherham","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1780785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1780785","url":null,"abstract":"This second issue for 2020 has three main papers and a research note, which between them address major issues of tree management in urban areas. Harper et al (2020). have researched stakeholder iss...","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"63 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84850332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon storage and tree diversity in the urban vegetation of Dhaka city, Bangladesh: a study based on intensive field investigation","authors":"S. Jaman, Xiang Zhang, F. Islam","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1755186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1755186","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Carbon storage in urban vegetation plays a vital role in mitigating CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and may ensure long-term stability of stored carbon in fluctuating environments. This study was conducted to quantify the current above-ground carbon stock with tree diversity in various urban vegetation types in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Using allometric equations, the site-specific totals of above-ground biomass were 106.46, 90.94, 387.01 and 223.27 Mg ha−1, whereas carbon stocks were 53.23, 45.47, 193.50 and 109.53 Mg ha−1, in urban park, playground edge plantation, botanical garden and roadside plantation, respectively. The mean values of tree diversity and density were 1.80 and 494 trees ha−1 respectively which showed a positive relation with carbon stock. Similarly, the mean basal area and diameter of trees at breast height (dbh) also showed a significant positive relation with carbon stock (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) across all sites except in the basal area for playground edge plantation sites (p =.08). This highlighted that neither the carbon storage nor the tree diversity of Dhaka city is satisfactory due to inadequate vegetation coverage, suggesting that an increase in tree diversification, maintaining site specific appropriate tree density and conservation practices could substantially enhance the number of trees and the associated carbon storage.","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"147 1","pages":"76 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80591012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treeconomics has signed a memorandum of understanding with Dutch firm Pius Floris Boomverzorging","authors":"Nadine Moreby","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1784665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1784665","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor Readers of the journal may be interested to hear that Treeconomics and Pius Floris Boomverzorging have signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to work collaboratively on urban forest...","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"297 1","pages":"127 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79555119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Routledge handbook of urban forestry","authors":"I. Rotherham","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1738787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1738787","url":null,"abstract":"This volume has many positives but also some significant shortcomings and disappointments. It is a major and timely contribution to the literature which perhaps makes its shortcomings even more fru...","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"180 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78825534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A history of groves","authors":"I. Rotherham","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1738789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1738789","url":null,"abstract":"HMSO. Johnston, M., & Rushton, B. S. (1999). A survey of urban forestry in Britain. Ulster: University of Ulster. Jones, M., & Rotherham, I. D. (2012). Managing urban ancient woodlands: A case study of bowden housteads wood, Sheffield. Arboricultural Journal, 34(3), 215–233. Rackham, O. (1986). The history of the countryside. London: Dent. Rotherham, I. D. (2015). The rise and fall of countryside management. London: Routledge. Rotherham, I. D. (2017). Recombinant ecology – A hybrid future? Dordrecht: Springer Briefs, Springer. Rotherham, I. D., & Ardron, P. A. (2006). The archaeology of woodland landscapes: Issues for managers based on the case-study of sheffield, England and four thousand years of human impact. Arboricultural Journal, 29(4), 229–243. Rotherham, I. D., Jones, M., Smith, L., & Handley, C. (Eds.). (2008). The woodland heritage manual: A guide to investigating wooded landscapes. Sheffield: Wildtrack Publishing. Rotherham, I. D., & Lambert, R. A. (eds). (2011). Invasive and introduced plants and animals: Human perceptions, attitudes and approaches to management. London: Earthscan.","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72977351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding urban forest functions and placing values on urban trees","authors":"I. Rotherham","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1750203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1750203","url":null,"abstract":"In this first issue for 2020, we have two main papers plus some issues-based correspondence and a book review. Maitra and Jyethi (2020) address the highly topical issue of the possible roles of urban trees in mitigating the effects on human health of the increasing levels of particulate matter (PM) in the atmospheres in megacities. In recent years, this has become a very serious concern of health practitioners and planners because of the implications of human exposure and deterioration of environmental quality. In India, Delhi is a city notorious for its especially high levels of particulate pollution. The Maitra and Jyethi research considers seasonal differences in PM removal from the atmosphere by the urban forest cover and provides a quantified assessment for Delhi. They studied particulate matter data from forty stations across Delhi and measured leaf area index (LAI) derived from remotely-sensed satellite images. Particulate matter removed during the wet summer period was lower than in the dry wintertime in a particular year. The results highlight the potential of forest cover in Delhi in particulate matter removal. The authors suggest the need for the careful selection of trees in relevant urban afforestation programmes. Price (2020) presents a timely review of the CAVAT (capital asset value for amenity trees) system for amenity tree valuation. This paper follows from that of Doick et al. (2018) to address issues at the very core of the arboricultural industry and of urban forest planning and evaluation. How do we as professionals and indeed, as a society, place values on urban trees? In particular, with competing demands for urban spaces, and matters of safety and maintenance, what mechanisms do we apply to better inform planning decisions? Then, if urban trees, particularly street-trees for example, are to be removed, what is the cost or the loss of value? If we take a system for the assessment of the amenity value of a particular tree, then how does this inform the mechanism for replacement or compensation if the tree is removed? Ideas and approaches to these paradigms were of course pioneered by the late Rodney Helliwell (1967, 2008, 2018), and this is a debate with which he would have undoubtedly engaged. Alternative approaches such as the CTLA (Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers) guidance were presented by Cullen (2007) and debated at the amenity trees conference in the year preceding that; and the present author also responded to the debate (Price, 2007). Taken in a context of increasing demand for robust methodologies to guide planning and for evaluations to set trees alongside other valued assets in societal processes, and the growing tendency to try to assess so-called “ecosystem services”, then I suspect this debate will run and run. There is a danger of course that in some areas of say nature conservation for example, lobbyists state that the resource is so precious and Arboricultural Journal 2020, VOL. 42, NO. 1, 1–2 http","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84790932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations concerning CAVAT: what does its “tree amenity value” actually measure?","authors":"C. Price","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1721957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1721957","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT CAVAT’s system for amenity tree valuation is based on planting cost, modified by size and several physical and aesthetic factors. It does not represent actual replacement cost. Its adaptation for aesthetic valuation is contentious, partly because of arguable subjective judgements. The supposed mental frame of valuers causes serious miscalculation of unit value, because installation cost is divided by current basal area, not predicted lifetime basal area. Deriving an “annual unit value” offers a way to circumvent this problem. Which basket of services is valued is unclear. The value offers a possible starting point in negotiating compensation, but not “a market price” for amenity trees. While some problems are endemic to expert valuations, others are specific to this system. Identifying them might help in revising the system, to provide a value both rational and reasonable.","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"3 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81984512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter","authors":"Christopher Neilan","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1725342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1725342","url":null,"abstract":"Sir, I am grateful for the opportunity to respond to the letters from Mark Chester and Dr Jon Heuch. I do so on behalf of the CAVAT Executive. Firstly, before getting into any details, I feel it will be helpful to establish the key distinctions between CAVAT and the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers (CTLA) methods. CAVAT has its origin in a single conversation at the Arboricultural Association conference on tree valuation in Milton Keynes in 1997, between the writer, the chairman for the day Jonathan Hazell and Jon Stokes of the Tree Council. We agreed that UK arboriculture needed a system for tree valuation as robust and effective as the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers (CTLA) methods were in the USA. That need has guided the development of CAVAT to the present day. Both CAVAT and the CTLA trunk formula method are extrapolated and depreciated cost replacement methods (DRC) intended for amenity trees. However, while the CTLA methods focus solely on compensation, with a background in real estate valuation, CAVAT is designed to express a tree’s asset value, with multiple purposes including but not limited to compensation value. Equally significantly CAVAT uses amenity not with the limited meaning of “trees not grown as a crop” but within the framework of the trees as public amenities, as established in the Town and Country Planning Act 1991, sections 197 and 198, and more recently in the National Planning Policy Framework at paragraph 170 (b) which specifically establishes trees as natural capital. CAVAT’s main aim is to enable the management of urban trees as assets, an essential element of urban forestry. For the curious, an expression of how that theory should be put into practice, based on an early version of CAVAT, may be found in Case Study 9: Establishing and Justifying the Tree Budget in Trees in Towns II (Britt and Johnson, 2008). A current example of that ambition, now put into practice, is given in Case Study 2 of our paper (namely the Doick et al. (2018) paper, hereafter referred to as “the paper”). It sets out how a London borough adopted CAVAT as part of an asset-based approach to highway tree management and the benefits that followed. Turning to the letter from Mark Chester first, having begun with a brief compliment to the authors of the paper he moves on to argue that use of CAVAT is unnecessary or at least nearly duplicates what is available and better expressed in the CTLA methods. This is somewhat at odds with the UKI – RPA Guidance Note 1, which introduced the CTLA methods to the UK, where the joint authors, including Dr Heuch, position it alongside existing methods. He continues by questioning the absence of reference to “ATA”; the acronym stands for the Adjusted Trunk Area formula, explained in the Guide for Plant Appraisal ninth edition (CTLA 2000). It is the means by which valuations using the trunk formula method are systematically limited for trees with a diameter exceeding 75 cm. The rationale is stated: “","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"56 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75664838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter removal by forest cover in Delhi","authors":"Sanjit Maitra, D. S. Jyethi","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1746541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1746541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increasing levels of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere of megacities is a serious concern due to implications for human exposure and overall environmental quality. Delhi experiences extremely high levels of particulate pollution. The present study sheds light on the seasonal differences in PM removal from the atmosphere by the available forest cover and quantifies this for Delhi. Particulate matter data from 40 stations across Delhi along with leaf area index (LAI) derived from remotely sensed satellite images were used. PM removed in the wet summer period was found to be lower than for the dry winter period in a year. The results highlight an unusual schedule for foliage fall in Delhi, as substantiated by the calculated LAI during the wet summer season and dry winter season. Overall, the study quantitatively evaluates the PM removal potential of forest cover in Delhi and suggests a need for the careful selection of trees in afforestation programmes.","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"36 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90094391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: CAVAT (Capital Asset Value for Amenity Trees): valuing amenity trees as public assets Arboricultural Journal Volume 40(2) pages 67–91","authors":"Jon Heuch","doi":"10.1080/03071375.2020.1725336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1725336","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor I write not to provide a full commentary on the above paper but clarify a number of issues when it comes to “compensation”. Valuation is a practice that uses familiar words in precise, defined ways. Without definitions, discussion of valuation practices may lead to misunderstanding and possible confusion. Valuation best practice helps make valuation estimates consistent, objective and transparent. However, an estimate of value is the subjective opinion of the valuer! Use of best practice builds confidence in valuations so they can be understood and respected. The main body of the CAVAT paper mentions the word “compensation” a mere 23 times with additional uses in the paper’s keywords, abstracts, highlights and titles. No definition of the term is provided. Furthermore, the paper introduces the terms “compensation replacement value”, “adequate compensation”, “compensation value”, “appropriate compensation”, “appropriate level of compensation” and “financial compensation” without explanation. Whilst conceptually all readers may be aware of the principle of compensation, with valuation the devil is in the detail. It would have been interesting to read how the authors decided that any particular value was, in their opinion, “adequate” and/or “appropriate”. Valuation produces no “right” answers, merely judgment and opinion with inevitable room for disagreement and dispute. It only takes a little experience with using CAVAT to find that the CAVAT valuation formula inevitably produces much larger estimates of value for large trees than any other valuation system. It is this feature of CAVAT that underpins the potential for disputes or at least disagreement. In my view, the paper appears to confound two different valuation problems:","PeriodicalId":35799,"journal":{"name":"Arboricultural Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"52 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84892727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}