FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology最新文献

{"title":"THE PREVALENCE OF NATURAL MIXED INFECTION OF T. congolense and T. vivax IN CATTLE FROM SELECTED ABATTOIRS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.","authors":"Muhammad Asma’u Asabe, J. Ajakaiye, L. Danladi","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.04","url":null,"abstract":"Animal trypanosomiasis is a complex disease of animals found in Africa causing serious economic loss in animal production. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of natural mixed infection in cattle from selected abattoirs in Kaduna metropolis. Wet mount and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of trypanosomes in blood of cows which showed a prevalence of 17% for T. congolense and 4.3% for T. vivax while mixed infection of 1.3% was observed from two abattoirs. Tudun-wada abattoir was statistically significant at p<0.005. Further analysis conducted using PCR technique showed the presence of genomic DNA of trypanosomes from positive samples obtained from wet mount method as seen in plate 1. Primers TCS 344-345 for T. congolense at 437bp and TVW1-2 for T. vivax at 399bp confirmed the presence of both parasites as seen in plate 2. In conclusion, this study showed the presence of both parasites in natural mixed infection in cattle from Tudun Wada and Kawo abattoirs in 4 cows each. This also indicates that natural mixed infection can occur in the field invading the immune system of affected hosts. Therefore, we suggest that microscopy and PCR should be used side by side for effective detection of these parasites so as to proffer appropriate control measure in combating the menace of African animal trypanosomiasis.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134538439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYER STRAIN CHICKS REARED IN SEMI ARID REGION AND FED HONEY AS AN ADDITIVE","authors":"M. Sabo, U. M. Runka, H. Usman","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.02","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of two strains of layer chick reared in the semi-arid region and feeding of honey in place of an additive. In the first experiment 90 day old chicks of each of two egg layer strains, made up of one brown (Lohman Brown classic), one black (Nera Black) were used in completely randomized with each strain serving as a treatment. Each treatment was replicated thrice with 30 chicks per replicate. In the second experiment, 84 seven weeks old chicks from each of the strains were used in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with the two strains (Lohmann brown classic and Nera black) and administration of honey (with and without) as the factors. These made up four treatments which were replicated thrice with 14 chicks per replicate. In both experiments, feed intake and body weight were measured and weight gain and feed conversion ratio were determined. Mortality was also recorded. The results of the study showed that performance parameters of two strains measured were statistically similar except for mortality. Nera black strain had a higher mortality. Feeding honey did not affect (P>0.05) performance indicators measured except for mortality also. Mortality was higher (P<0.05) for chicks that were not fed with honey. According to these results, Nera black strain may require more care during chick phase and honey has beneficial effect on chick performance.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132555666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PROCESSING METHODS ON THE AMINO ACID PROFILE, MINERAL AND ANTI-NUTRIENT CONTENTS OF Detarium senegalense (Tallow) SEED FLOUR","authors":"H. Adamu, H. Nzelibe","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.03","url":null,"abstract":"Detarium senegalense seed known as Tallow in English, is used traditionally as a soup thickener in Eastern Nigeria. Despite its high protein contents its seed is underutilized due to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds such as oxalate, phytate, tannin and trypsin inhibitor which reduces their bioavailability of nutrients. Therefore, the effect of different processing methods on the amino acid profile, minerals and anti-nutritional properties of Detarium senegalense seed flour was investigated. Freshly purchased seeds were washed and portioned into unprocessed (raw) and processed (soaked, boiled, roasted, autoclave and microwave) seed flour. The samples were analyzed using standard procedures. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Duncan's multiple range tests was used to compare the means. Significance was evaluated at (p≤0.05). The result showed that the amino acid profile was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased by boiling method. Mineral composition indicated that all the processing methods significantly reduced the minerals content when compared to the unprocessed sample and varied between zinc 0.01 to 0.07mg/100g, iron 0.15 to 0.51mg/100g, calcium 0.14 to 0.22mg/100g; magnesium 1.09 to 1.19mg/100g, potassium 2.16 to 3.26mg/100g and sodium 0.15 to 0.20mg/100g, respectively. The anti-nutritional factors of the samples were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced by boiling and roasting method than by soaking, autoclaving and microwaving methods. It was found that among the different method investigated, boiling has the highest amino acid profile and reduced anti-nutrient contents.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116677007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIZE COMPOSITION, GROWTH PATTERN AND CONDITION FACTOR OF NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) FROM WASAI RESERVOIR, KANO STATE – NIGERIA","authors":"M. S. Sulaiman, T. Imam, B. Usman, A. Ibrahim, H. Bagari","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.15","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the size composition, growth pattern and condition factor of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Wasai reservoir in Minjibir Local Government Area of Kano State was conducted using length-weight data obtained from local fishermen in the study area. Standard length ranged from 11.30 cm to 18.20 cm, total length ranged from 13.40 to 19.90 cm whereas body weight from 35.90 g to 116.50 g. The length-weight relationship revealed only positive allometric growth in Kundima and negative allometric growth pattern in Dinga and Ungulaye. The condition factor (K) also revealed all K values obtained are ≥ 1 in all the sampling sites indicating that the environment is good in terms of food availability. The results of this study will be useful for the management and conservation of O. niloticus fisheries from Wasai Reservoir.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128362784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF SOME MAJOR PLANT NUTIRENTS IN FADAMA AREA OF A RESEARCH FARM KUST, WUDIL","authors":"A. Musa","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.20","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to evaluate the status of organic carbon, total nitrogen available phosphorus, PH, EC, CEC and exchangeable bases of soils from Fadama area of a research Farm.  20 soil samples were collected from the research areas at depths of 0 – 15 and 15 – 30cm.  The samples were analyzed, in the laboratory for the parameters mentioned above. For all the properties, there was decrease with depths the results obtained indicated that the level of these properties was generally low as compared to standard measures.  Simultaneous application of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure will improve soil fertility.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"111 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116635648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF PRIVATE EXTENSION AMONG SMALL SCALE CASSAVA FARMERS IN EDO AND DELTA STATE, NIGERIA.","authors":"F. Onyemekihian, R. C. Onyemekonwu, M. Chisonum","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.18","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined economic feasibility of private extension among small-scale cassava farmers in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. Specifically, the study described the socio-economic characteristics of small-scale cassava farmers, examined farmer’s willingness to pay for extension services for cassava production, examine farmer’s perception on economic feasibility of private extension for cassava production and established the relationship between farmer’s socio-economic characteristics and the economic feasibility of private extension delivery for cassava production. Multi-stage sampling procedure, comprising of purposive and random sampling was used to select 391 respondents sampled with the use of structured questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, mean, percentage and probit regression. The result showed that the respondents were young (mean age 38 years), educated (98.48%), cultivated a mean farm size of 2.04 hectares and earned a mean income of ₦151534.53 per annum. The major extension services the farmers were willing to pay for were bulletins and handbills (mean=4.83), market price information (mean=4.72), information on pest and disease control (mean= 4.72), input hiring services (mean= 4.69) and pay for advert for radio and television programmes (mean=4.56). It was equally revealed that 52.17% of the respondents (farmers) fell under the high feasibility status implying that about 52% of the respondents believed private extension services was highly feasible. Education (b=-0.263; p<0.05), farming experience b=0.044; p<0.005 and frequency of extension visit (b=0.494; p<0.05) were significant variables influencing the economic feasibility of private extension service delivery in cassava production among the respondents. It was concluded that private extension service for cassava is economically feasible in the study area from the farmer’s point of view. It was recommended that private extension service providers should reach out to small-scale cassava farmers in this study area with the view of enhancing their production performance without conflicting with the existing extension services of the government operated extension system of the Agricultural development Programme (ADP) in the study area.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114146254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF SORGHUM CHAFF FOR THE CONTROL OF HELMINTHIASIS IN YANKASA RAMS.","authors":"U. Ibrahim, R. Ashiru, A. M. Hassan, M. Rimi","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.11","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to evaluate the anti-helminthic effect of sorghum chaff fed to small ruminants. Fifteen growing Yankasa rams with an average live weight of 17.5 kg were dewormed using Albendazole at 10mg/kg body weight and infected with nematodes larvae (2,100 L3 of strongyle per ram) and allotted to five (5) treatments of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% inclusion levels of sorghum chaff in diets in a completely randomized design with three replications. Each ram was offered the experimental diet at 1.5% of its body weight as supplement daily for eight weeks. Faecal samples were collected from the rams before and at the end of the experiment to detect the presence of parasitic infections (fecal egg and oocyst counts). The control treatment (0% sorghum chaff) was dewormed using Albendazole at 10mg/kg body weight. The results showed mild infestations with strongyle and moniezia at four weeks after L3 infestation but were statistically (P>0.05) similar. Similarly, there were no significant (P>0.05) differences observed in the number of eggs per gram of faeces across treatments at week six, but numerically, animals on treatment 4 (60% inclusion level of sorghum chaff) had better worm clearance relative to other treatments. It was concluded that inclusion of sorghum chaff in the diets of small ruminants up to 60% level could be used to control gastrointestinal nematodes infestation in sheep. Further studies to isolate the active ingredients having anti-helminthic effect in the sorghum chaff and standard inclusion levels are hereby recommended.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128909100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF DIETARY VITAMINS C AND E ON BODY TEMPERATURE, BODY WEIGHT AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETRES IN WISTAR RATS INFECTED WITH T. bruceibrucei (Federe strain) DURING THE HOT RAINY SEASON","authors":"J. Ajakaiye, Melemi, Richard Mazadu, B. Mohammad, M. Benjamin, Yahya Shuaibu, Ramatu, Lawan Bizi, Bashir, Adamu Kugu, Asmau, Asabe Muhammad","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.12","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of the administration of vitamins C and E on body temperature, body weight and haematological parametres in Wistar Rats infected with T. brucei brucei (Federe strain) were evaluated. Twenty five adult rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats each. Group A was neither treated nor infected, group B was infected with 1 × 106 in 0.2 mL blood/PBS of  innoculum, groups C, D and E were given the same dose of innoculum and in addition, they were treated orally with vitamins C, E, and the combination of both at a dosage of 150 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Body temperature showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in all infected and vitamin treated groups either singly or in their combined form compared to group B. Observed result of the  initial and final live body weights in groups A and E were not significantly (p>0.05)  different. Groups C showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease, while the decrease in groups B and D were highly significant (p<0.01), respectively. Haematological parametres were significantly (p<0.05) higher in all infected and treated groups compared to group B. In conclusion, combined anti-oxidants capacity of both vitamins C and E mitigated the negative effects observed in the measured parametres in the Wistar rats better than single administration","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124990128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VITAMINS C AND E AS AMELIORATIVE AGENTS ON BODY TEMPERATURE AND SERUM CHEMISTRY OF WISTAR RATS INFECTED WITH T. brucei brucei (Federe strain)","authors":"J. Ajakaiye, M. Benjamin, Y. Shabiu, Aderemi T Dare, R. Bizi, B. Kugu, A. A. Mohammad, B. Muhammad, M. Mazadu","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.10","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of oral administration of vitamins C and E on the body temperature and serum chemistry of Wistar rats infected with T. brucei brucei (Federe strain) was investigated. Twenty-five Albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of five animals each.  Group I was administered with 0.5 mL normal saline only, group II was inoculated with 0.1 × 106 in 0.2 mL blood/PBS of T. brucei brucei only. Groups III, IV, and V were administered the same dose of parasites as in group II, and in addition, they were administered with 150 mg/kg b.w. of Vitamin C; 150 mg/kg b.w. of Vitamin E, and the combination of both Vitamins in the last group, respectively.  Body temperature increased consistently in all groups except group I. However, there was a significant (P< 0.05) difference in all treated groups compared to group II on day 28 post-infection.  ALT was significantly (P< 0.05) lower only in the group treated with combined vitamins compared to group II. AST and Creatinine decreased significantly (P< 0.05), whereas the decrease recorded for Urea was highly significant (P< 0.01) in all the treated groups compared to group II, values recorded for ALP followed the same pattern but in a converse direction. In conclusion, the administration of vitamins C and E, particularly in its combined form ameliorated the negative effect on the body temperature and serum biochemistry profiles of the infected rats","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115135010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCES OF FEED AND SEASON ON BREED AND REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF AND SAHEL BUCKS IN TARABA STATE","authors":"Y. E. Waba, M. G. Umaru, A. U. Mohammed","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.08","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the influence of feed on the reproductive parameters of West African Dwarf and Sahel goats at theTeaching and Research farm of the Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State.  A total of 8 bucks from two goats breeds (West African Dwarf and Sahel) were used for the experiment. The 8 bucks were later moved to Vom, for semen collection, using electro-ejaculator. The study lasted for 12 calendar months. They were fed Gmelina and cassava peel meal, Gmelina and cowpea husk, Ficus and cassava peel meal and, Ficus and cowpea husk as experimental treatments (T1-T4), respectively. Goats according to breed were allotted to treatments randomly and treated as factorial experiments. Season had significant (P<0.01) influence on buck parameters (scrotal length and semen qualities). The overall samples collected was 192 on both the breeds on the following parameters; scrotal circumference, semen volume, semen pH, sperm concentration, sperm motility and live cells and the results were 11.91cm, 0.47ml, 6.78ph, 414.92x106, 83.02% and 92.33% respectively. The result was significant for breed, season and treatment for all parameters except live and dead cells for breeds and treatment. Feeding Ficus containing diets resulted in higher semen quality values. Also, semen colour using likert scale was analyzed which resulted to three types of colour (creamy, milky and watery). The colour was evaluated under based on breed, seasons and treatment diets (feeds). The overall results show insignificant differences for all the parameters (feeds, seasons, breeds and reproductive traits) observed. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123488708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}