P. Anikoh, Z. Osivave, H. Ogbaje, C. Metiboba, M. Egbunu
{"title":"EFFECTS OF BULB SIZE, DEPTH OF STORAGE AND BULB ORIENTATION ON STORAGE LOSS OF ONION (Allium cepa L.)","authors":"P. Anikoh, Z. Osivave, H. Ogbaje, C. Metiboba, M. Egbunu","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.06","url":null,"abstract":"Onion is a major crop grown in northern Nigeria. It is popular for its nutritional and medicinal benefits worldwide. However, a lot of postharvest losses occurs especially during the storage of onion. This work was carried out to investigate the effects of bulb size, depth of storage and bulb orientation on physiological weight loss, sprouting and rotting of onion (red creole variety) in the modified IAR open rack onion storage structure for a sampling period of three months. A Complete Randomized Design (CRD) Anova was employed. Data were collected for a sampling period of 12 weeks and analysed using the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) at 1% and 5% significant levels. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used for the mean separation of the significant variables. The results obtained showed that the total weight loss of onions during the sampling period was 19.6%. Bulb orientation had a major effect on sprouting and physiological weight loss. Medium bulb sizes of (5 – 7cm Major Diameter) were better suited for storage.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122352607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE/COWPEA MIXED-INTERCROPPING AS INFLUENCED BY POULTRY MANURE, NITROGEN MANAGEMENT AND COWPEA VARIETIES IN SAMARU","authors":"B. Agah, A. B. Lawal, A. I. Sharifai","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.10","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the profitability of maize/cowpea intercropping in Samaru. The data was obtained from a field research carried out in the Research and Teaching farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru, Zaria, during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. The treatment consisted of three rates of poultry manure (0, 3 and 6 tons/ha), two ways of split N application to maize (two split dose and three split dose), and two cowpea genotypes arranged in a split plot design replicated four times. Results from the research showed that both poultry manure and triple split N dosage application significantly increased maize and cowpea yield in both years; with best economic results obtained with the application of 3 tons ha-1 of poultry manure. Assessment of the suitability of the intercropping system as defined by Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Relative Yield (RY) showed that higher yields were obtained from the intercrop compared to the sole as reflected in the LER values being more than one (1) units. Application of 3 tons ha-1 of poultry manure gave the highest gross margin (GM) with a corresponding return on investment (ROI) of 59% indicating that for every naira invested in the venture (ie 3 tons ha-1), five (5) naira eighty nine kobo (5.89) profit was realized. Research therefore recommended the application of 3 tons ha-1 of poultry manure in addition to double split of 45 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer at 2 and 4 WAS to achieve maximum economics benefits of maize-cowpea intercropping system in Savanna Alfisols","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114564978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MOLECULAR DETECTION AND PHYLOGENY OF VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH PEPPER (Capsicum spp.) CULTIVATED IN SOME STATES IN NORTHERN GUINEA AND SUDAN SAVANNAH ZONES OF NIGERIA","authors":"B. D. Kashina, A. C. Chindo","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.09","url":null,"abstract":"Surveys were conducted to assess the occurrence of viruses on pepper in 2020 and 2021 dry and wet seasons, respectively. Farms in Kaduna, Kano, Bauchi and Gombe States were visited for sampling and sample collection. Leaf samples from plants showing typical viral symptoms were collected for laboratory analysis. The genomic nucleic acid was isolated from the samples by phenol – chloroform separation and purification. The viral coat protein was amplified in Polymerase chain reaction using specific primers and sequenced. Sequences were aligned and used to search the GenBank database for viruses with high similarity. Sequences with high similarity scores were retrieved and used for phylogenetic analysis. Field occurrence of virus-like symptomatic pepper plants ranged from 10 – 70 %. Sequence analysis and phylogeny revealed that the virus infecting Pepper in locations surveyed was highly homologous (94.52%) to Pepper veinal mottle virus. This represents the first confirmation of Pepper veinal mottle virus on pepper in the study areas using novel molecular techniques. It is recommended that more extensive studies be conducted to cover the other northern states being the major pepper growing region of Nigeria. It should be emphasized that caution be exercised in the movement of planting materials across regions, especially between neighbouring countries because of the known impact of viruses on vegetable production in general, and pepper in particular.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"525 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123310745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Essien, T. Adeogun, U. Bala, M. Olorukooba, R. Mohammed
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT RATES OF METOLACHLOR AND WEEDING REGIME ON CROP VIGOUR AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) AT AFAKA, KADUNA, NIGERIA.","authors":"J. Essien, T. Adeogun, U. Bala, M. Olorukooba, R. Mohammed","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.07","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment was conducted at the Research farm of the of Forestry Mechanization, Afaka, Kaduna, to determine the influence of different rates of metolachlor and weeding regime on crop vigour and yield components of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). The experiment was carried out during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 raining seasons. The trial consisted of four weeding regimes at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after planting (WAP), two rates of metolachlor (3.0 kg a.i./ha-1 and 2.0 kg a.i/ha-1), hoe weeded control at 4 and 8 weeks after planting (WAP), weed free treated plots and weedy check plots. Making a total of eleven treatments, laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. The gross and net plot sizes were 6.75 m2 (3 m x 2.25 m) and 2.25 m2 (3 m x 0.75 m) respectively. The result showed that in 2019/2020 the weed free treated plots and the plots with the application of metolachlor at 3.0 kg a.i/ha-1 plus weeding regime at 3 WAP resulted in comparable higher crop vigour, higher number of tubers per plot, and higher tuber weight per plot than all the other treatments. While the weedy check plots recorded the least vigorous crops and the least significant tuber weight per plot than all the other treatments. At 2020/2021 the plots with the application of metolachlor at 2.0 kg a.i./ha-1 plus weeding regime at 12 WAP and the weed free treated plots recorded the highest vigorous crops. The highest number of tubers per plot and the highest weight of tubers per plot at harvest was recorded by the weed free treated plots (9.10a) followed by the plots with the application of metolachlor at 3.0 kg a.i./ha-1 plus weeding regime at 3 WAP (7.60b). The study therefore recommended the use of the weed free treated plots and the plots with the application of metolachlor at 3.0 kg a.i./ha-1 plus weeding regime at 3 WAP in the study area for better yield of sweet potato","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126033592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bamanga, S. Asuku, M. H. Timta, R. Ali, A. Abba, I. Alkali, D. Iliyasu, A. Mustapha, M. M. Bukar, M. Waziri
{"title":"CONSTRAINTS AND SOME REPRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS OF RABBIT PRODUCTION IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLITAN COUNCIL AND JERE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BORNO STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"M. Bamanga, S. Asuku, M. H. Timta, R. Ali, A. Abba, I. Alkali, D. Iliyasu, A. Mustapha, M. M. Bukar, M. Waziri","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.04","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine the challenges faced by rabbit farmers and suitable strategies required to enhanced the survival of rabbit kits, information on constraints and some reproductive problems of rabbit production in Maiduguri Maiduguri Metropolitan Council (M.M.C) and Jere LGAs of Borno state was investigated. Structured questionnaire was administered to 100 respondents in M.M.C and Jere LGAs. It was found that low market value for rabbit, neonatal death and loss from theft or predators were the major constraints observed in rabbit production within the study area. Mortality was high among young rabbits (1-2 weeks old), and the average number of survived rabbit kits was 1 – 5 kits per litter. In addition, seasonal variation, poor management and housing design were the immediate causes of neonatal mortality in rabbit within M.M.C and Jere LGAs of Borno state. Improved housing design, pre-natal nutrition and peri-natal hygiene was therefore recommended.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131695171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ndatsu, H. Abubakar, O. Aliyu, P. S. Yisa, B. Usman
{"title":"EFFECTS OF SELECTED NATURAL COAGULANTS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF Glycine max AND Vigna subterranea MILK MIXTURE TOFU","authors":"Y. Ndatsu, H. Abubakar, O. Aliyu, P. S. Yisa, B. Usman","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.08","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of selected natural coagulants on the yield and quality Characteristics of Glycine max and Vigna subterranea Milk Mixture Tofu was investigated. The selected natural coagulants are Citrus lemon, roselle calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa), Tamarindus indica, and influence water (steep water) from maize pap, while CaSO4 was used as a control group. The pH and titratable acidity values of the prepared tofu were performed. Tofu yield, proximate composition, and sensory quality of tofu prepared by natural coagulants of plant origins were also conducted and compared with that of CaSO4 coagulated tofu. Results showed that natural coagulants recorded lower values of pH (3.54-20.00) and increased values of percentage (%) acidity (0.12-1.20%) as compared to synthetic coagulant (21.03 and 0.09%), respectively. Likewise, lower levels of pH (6.77-37.45) and high values of percentage (%) acidity (0.18-0.35%) were observed in natural coagulated tofu than that of synthetic chemical coagulated tofu (40.42 and 0.12%), respectively. CICOT and STCOT recorded higher % of tofu yield (21.5% and 45.2%), proximate contents and panel overall acceptability (7.43% and 7.63%) as compared to others. In conclusion, citrus lemon extract and steep water coagulated tofu performed excellent in term of tofu yield with high quality and nutritional contents. Therefore, the consumption of tofu produced from natural coagulants, especially citrus lemon and steep water should be encouraged in the diets of vegetarians as source of protein.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123507119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"METAL CONTENTS IN CYPERUS ARTICULATUS AND SEDIMENTS OF ZOBE RESERVOIR, NIGERIA","authors":"A. H. Oladele, A. M. Salim, D. Samuel","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the iron, copper, zinc and lead contents, and the relationship among these metals in Cyperus articulatus and sediments of Zobe reservoir, Dutsinma, Nigeria. Samples of Cyperus articulatus and sediments were obtained, fortnightly for three months, from three sampling locations sited in up-, mid-, and downstream sections of the water body. Standard methods were used in sample collection and preparation while the metal contents were determined spectrophotometrically. In both sample types, copper and zinc were detected at concentrations below 0.5 mg/kg; the sediment samples contained higher iron contents (5.368±1.174 mg/kg) than the plant samples (2.897±2.031 mg/kg) while lead was not detected. The higher metal contents observed in the sediment samples corroborated the importance of aquatic sediment as a sink for metals in aquatic ecosystems. Cyperus articulatus from Zobe reservoir can be deemed safe for use due to its relatively low metal contents (iron 2.897±2.031 mg/kg; copper 0.291±0.119 mg/kg; zinc 0.067±0.111 mg/kg) which were within the allowable limits of local and international standards. The correlative relationship between iron contents in both sample types (R = 0.509) was significant at a 5% confidence level while a significantly stronger association (R = 0.659; 0.681) was observed between iron content in Cyperus articulatus and the copper and zinc concentrations in the sediment samples, respectively. Hence, Zobe reservoir can be referred to as safe from iron, copper, zinc and lead pollution. Periodic assessment of metals in Zobe reservoir is recommended for adequate monitoring of metal levels in the reservoir.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115993061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MYCOFILTRATION OF SOIL LEACHATE USING Lentinus squarrosulus FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF SOILS FROM AUTO-MOBILE MECHANIC LEACHATE SOILS OF IKOKU MARKET, PORT HARCOURT","authors":"C.G. NKECHI-NWOGU, S. Chukwu, P. Eke","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to investigate the mycofiltration of soil leachate from automobile repairs and servicing workshop Ikoku, Port Harcourt using Lentinus squarrosulus. To ascertain the contamination levels of the soil, sterilized sawdust was bagged, inoculated with mushroom spawn and allowed for 2 weeks to colonize the substrate. Then water extracted from the soil leachate was dispensed into the hole borne in the middle of the substrate then allowed to filter through into a sterile container which was subjected for physicochemical and microbiological analysis within 24 hours. Statistical analysis of data obtained after a 24-48 hours mycofiltration treatment, revealed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the concentration of pH, Colour, Turbidity, Electrical conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Suspended Solid, Nitrite, Nitrate, Phosphate and Chemical Oxygen Demand. Electrical conductivity (µs cm-1) was reduced from 751 to 297, total dissolved solid (mg L-1) from 3.40 to 1.42, total suspended solid (mg L-1) from 2.81 to 1.07, nitrate (mg L-1) from 0.187 to 0.127, phosphate (mg L-1) from 1.04 to 0.72, turbidity level from 1028 to 401, biological oxygen demand (mg L-1) from 4.16 to 0, dissolved oxygen (mg L-1) from 401 to 0 and chemical oxygen demand (mg L-1) from 16.25 to 13.87. L. squarrosulus also exhibited a remarkable reduction in total heterotrophic count and total coliform count, which made it a potential purifying agent. The findings from this study showed that mycofiltration technique is a useful, efficient and affordable technology for removing pollutants from the soil in the automobile repairs and servicing workshop.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130738192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Obadire, S. Obadire, I. Ige, A. Osofowora, C. O. Oke
{"title":"GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD INDICES OF BROILER CHICKENS FED LYE-PROCESSED MORINGA (Moringa oleifera) SEED MEAL","authors":"F. Obadire, S. Obadire, I. Ige, A. Osofowora, C. O. Oke","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.01","url":null,"abstract":"A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of lye processed Moringa seed meal (LMSM) on performance and blood indices of broiler chicken. A total of 150 one- day-old cobb breed broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five (5) dietary treatments replicated three times with ten chicks per replicate. The experimental diets were formulated with LMSM at inclusion levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Data were generated for final body weight, total feed intake, daily feed intake (DFI), total weight gain, daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion ratio and blood indices. Data obtained were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result of the performance showed significant (P<0.05) influence of LMSM on final weight gain, weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio at both phases. Birds on diet 0%, 5% and 10% recorded the highest weight gain while birds on 15% and 20% LMSM obtained the least value in the starter phase. Birds on control diet and 5% LMSM recorded the highest feed intake while the lowest was obtained on 20% diet. The best FCR was observed in birds fed control diet, 5% and 10% LMSM diet. Finisher broiler fed control diet, 5% and 10% recorded higher final weight and weight gain. Birds fed control diet recorded the highest feed intake while birds on 15% and 20% LMSM recorded the lowest. Birds fed control diet, 5% and 10% LMSM obtained better FCR. The feed cost per gain was cheaper when fed LMSM irrespective of the inclusion level. Heamatology and serum chemistry results revealed that all measured parameters showed no significant (P>0.05) influence of LMSM treatments on the birds except packed cell volume (PVC), Hemoglobin (Hb) and White blood cell, Glucose and ALP. Broiler chickens could be fed up to 10% LMSM at starter phase and 15%LMSM of finisher phase.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115942489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF RISK ATTITUDE OF CEREAL/LEGUME FARMERS IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"U. Abubakar, U. Mohammed, L. Tanko, C. O. Adebayo","doi":"10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0901.03","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the socio-economic characteristics of the cereal/legume farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria, identify risk associated with cereal/legume enterprises; determine the risk attitude of the farmers and identify the management strategies employed in minimizing risk associated with cereal/legume enterprise in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of two Local Government Areas (LGAs) from each of the three agricultural zones I, II, and III, respectively. Farming communities was randomly selected from each of the sampled LGAs from which respondents were proportionately selected to make a total of 105 respondents for this study. Primary data was collected with the aid of structured questionnaire and interview schedule. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics, Safety-first and factor analysis. The result showed that the mean age of the farmers was 40 years, 78.1% of respondents were male and a82.9% of them were married. The result from safety first approach revealed that 27.6% and 61.0% of the farmers were risk averse and risk neutral respectively. Production, Financial and human (theft, bush burning) risks form 31.4%, 34.3% and 8.6% of all risks associated with cereal/legume enterprises respectively. Factor analysis result indicated that Spreading sales, family member working off-farm and early planting of crops were employed for managing the risks. It is recommended that Government in conjunction with the donor agencies should make provision for interest free credit facilities at the appropriate time to enable them take as much risk as possible to increase their Cereal/Legume production.","PeriodicalId":357523,"journal":{"name":"FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129714518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}