Genus最新文献

{"title":"Who is at risk? Gendered psychological correlates in Italian students’ sexual risk profiles","authors":"Elena Pirani, Camilla Matera","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00080-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00080-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-00080-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65777080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The second demographic transition, 1986–2020: sub-replacement fertility and rising cohabitation—a global update","authors":"Ronny Lesthaeghe","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00077-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00077-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article considers the evolution of two “Second Demographic Tradition” (SDT) core characteristics: fertility postponement and the rise of cohabitation, with particular attention being given to the first two decades of the new century. It can be considered as the sequel to the concise overview of the SDT published earlier in the US Proceedings of the National Academy (PNAS) (Lesthaeghe, 2014). In the first section, three optimistic views concerning the evolution of fertility are considered: (i) rises due to the end of postponement, (ii) rises connected with advancing human development and (iii) rises associated with advancing gender equality. The focus in this section is mainly but not exclusively on the European experience and its large degree of variation in fertility patterns. It is argued that these three optimistic predictions of sustained fertility rises are mainly based on observations prior to 2010, with too much weight being given to four Nordic countries and too little to other Western European countries with very similar fertility levels. However, these expectations have been thwarted during the second decade, even in the presence of advances in human development and/or gender equality. Hence, the original SDT prediction of 1986 of sustained sub - replacement fertility still holds after 35 years. We expect this to continue during the third decade as well. Furthermore, single-factor explanations are not likely to do justice to far more intricate situations that are responsive to varying structural and ideational influences. In the second section, the evolution of cohabitation is traced in Europe, the USA and Canada, the Latin American countries, three East Asian populations and selected sub-Saharan cases. At the onset, cohabitation can start either from a SDT basis among the better educated or among the poorer classes following a pattern of disadvantage (POD). It is argued that the feature of cohabitation spreads rapidly among all social classes and across all education groups and that in the process of increasing cohabitation, the POD versus SDT argument loses its significance. On a global scale, the rise in cohabitation is contingent on two dimensions: (i) contrasting historical patterns of kinship organisation, including the position of women, and (ii) further advances of the “ethics revolution”, indicating the growing dominance of individual autonomy over traditional societal norms. As a result, no breakthroughs in the near future are expected in countries with a Muslim or Hindu tradition in which no such major cultural shifts have occurred so far.","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://genus.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s41118-020-00077-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in young women’s contraceptive use in the Netherlands: findings from three sex under the age of 25 surveys","authors":"E. Marra, S. Meijer, H. de Graaf","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00078-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00078-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-00078-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65777009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childlessness and low fertility in context: evidence from a multilevel analysis on 20 European countries","authors":"E. Brini","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00074-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00074-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-00074-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65776979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of How Population Change Will Transform Our World by Sarah Harper","authors":"S. Miccoli","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00075-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00075-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-00075-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42630845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marital fertility and the changing status of women in Europe","authors":"A. Pinnelli","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4613-4065-2_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4065-2_7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44969450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marital fertility and the changing status of women in Europe","authors":"A. Pinnelli","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-0072-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-0072-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-0072-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47504456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic development and life expectancy relationship: evidence from the EU accession candidate countries","authors":"Goran Miladinov","doi":"10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-019-0071-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41931657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Past and projected growth of Australia's older migrant populations.","authors":"Tom Wilson,&nbsp;Peter McDonald,&nbsp;Jeromey Temple,&nbsp;Bianca Brijnath,&nbsp;Ariane Utomo","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00091-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-020-00091-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, Australia's older population (aged 65 and over) has been growing rapidly, accompanied by a shift in its country of birth composition. Although a great deal of research has been undertaken on past and current aspects of Australia's migrant groups, little attention has been paid to future demographic trends in older populations. The aim of this paper is to examine recent and possible future demographic trends of Australia's migrant populations at the older ages. We present population estimates by country and broad global region of birth from 1996 to 2016, and then new birthplace-specific population projections for the 2016 to 2056 period. Our findings show that substantial growth of the 65+ population will occur in the coming decades, and that the overseas-born will shift from a Europe-born dominance to an Asia-born dominance. Cohort flow (the effect of varying sizes of cohorts moving into the 65+ age group over time) will be the main driver of growth for most older birthplace populations. The shifting demography of Australia's older population signals many policy, planning, service delivery and funding challenges for government and private sector providers. We discuss those related to aged care, health care, language services, the aged care workforce, regulatory frameworks and future research needs in demography and gerontology.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"76 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-020-00091-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38295607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reflection on economic uncertainty and fertility in Europe: The Narrative Framework.","authors":"Daniele Vignoli, Raffaele Guetto, Giacomo Bazzani, Elena Pirani, Alessandra Minello","doi":"10.1186/s41118-020-00094-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41118-020-00094-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The generalized and relatively homogeneous fertility decline across European countries in the aftermath of the Great Recession poses serious challenges to our knowledge of contemporary low fertility patterns. In this paper, we argue that fertility decisions are not a mere \"statistical shadow of the past\", and advance the Narrative Framework, a new approach to the relationship between economic uncertainty and fertility. This framework proffers that individuals act <i>according to</i> or <i>despite</i> uncertainty based on their \"narrative of the future\" - imagined futures embedded in social elements and their interactions. We also posit that personal narratives of the future are shaped by the \"shared narratives\" produced by socialization agents, including parents and peers, as well as by the narratives produced by the media and other powerful opinion formers. Finally, within this framework, we propose several empirical strategies, from both a qualitative and a quantitative perspective, including an experimental approach, for assessing the role of narratives of the future in fertility decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"76 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7480209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38373976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}