Genus最新文献

{"title":"Socioeconomic disparity in adult mortality in India: estimations using the orphanhood method","authors":"N. Saikia, J. Bora, M. Luy","doi":"10.1186/s41118-019-0054-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-019-0054-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-019-0054-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48977920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping foreign nationals in Spain: an exploratory approach at local level","authors":"S. Oliveau, Quentin Larue, Yoann Doignon, Isabelle Blöss-Widmer","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0047-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0047-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0047-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65776745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The involvement in childcare of married and cohabiting fathers: evidence from Italy","authors":"S. Meggiolaro, F. Ongaro","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0051-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0051-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0051-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65776788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childbearing intentions in a low fertility context: the case of Romania.","authors":"Alexandra-Andreea Ciritel,&nbsp;Alessandra De Rose,&nbsp;Maria Felice Arezzo","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0046-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0046-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to find out the predictors of fertility intentions in Romania, a low-fertility country. We analyse how attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control relate to the intention to have a child among childless individuals and one-child parents. Principal axis factor analysis confirms which items proposed by the Generation and Gender Survey (GGS 2005) act as valid and reliable measures of the suggested theoretical socio-psychological factors. Four parity-specific logistic regression models are applied to evaluate the relationship between the socio-psychological factors and childbearing intentions. Social pressure emerges as the most important aspect in fertility decision-making among childless individuals and one-child parents, and positive attitudes towards childbearing are a strong component in planning for a child. This paper also underlines the importance of the region-specific factors when studying childbearing intentions: planning for the second child significantly differs among the development regions, representing the cultural and socio-economic divisions of the Romanian territory.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"75 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0046-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37106504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alessandro Rosina, Sergio Sorgi: Il futuro che (non) c’è. Costruire un domani migliore con la demografia. The future that is(n’t). Building a better future with demography","authors":"Alessandra Minello","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0034-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0034-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0034-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42959233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in mortality forecasting: introduction.","authors":"Fanny Janssen","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0045-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0045-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"74 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0045-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36837874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The time to decline: tracing a cohort's descendants in below replacement populations.","authors":"Robert Schoen","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0026-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0026-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A number of contemporary populations are exhibiting sustained fertility at levels substantially below long-term replacement. Nonetheless, relatively few populations are actually diminishing in size. Here, we approach that apparent paradox by analyzing the time before the number in a birth cohort, and its descendants, falls below the initial number in the cohort. First, models are examined with constant below replacement fertility, cohort extinction at age 75 or 85, and no mortality below the highest age attained. For a net reproduction rate (NRR) of 0.75, it takes 150 years for the cohort's descendants to be fewer than the cohort's original size if persons live to age 85, and over 130 years if persons live to age 75. If the NRR is at least 0.60, it takes a century before the descendants are fewer in number than the original cohort. Second, projections are done for the USA 2012, Italy 2012, and Hong Kong 2011 assuming that fertility and mortality remain constant. The results resemble the projections. For example, in Italy, with actual mortality and an NRR of 0.70, it takes over 125 years before the descendants of a cohort are fewer in number than the initial cohort. A relatively simple equation for the long term \"time to decline\" is presented, showing that it depends primarily on the level of fertility, secondarily on longevity, and only modestly on the mean age of fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"74 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0026-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35792420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality forecasting in Colombia from abridged life tables by sex.","authors":"Gisou Diaz, Ana Debón, Vicent Giner-Bosch","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0038-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41118-018-0038-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An adequate forecasting model of mortality that allows an analysis of different population changes is a topic of interest for countries in demographic transition. Phenomena such as the reduction of mortality, ageing, and the increase in life expectancy are extremely useful in the planning of public policies that seek to promote the economic and social development of countries. To our knowledge, this paper is one of the first to evaluate the performance of mortality forecasting models applied to abridged life tables.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Select a mortality model that best describes and forecasts the characteristics of mortality in Colombia when only abridged life tables are available.</p><p><strong>Data and method: </strong>We used Colombian abridged life tables for the period 1973-2005 with data from the Latin American Human Mortality Database. Different mortality models to deal with modeling and forecasting probability of death are presented in this study. For the comparison of mortality models, two criteria were analyzed: graphical residuals analysis and the hold-out method to evaluate the predictive performance of the models, applying different goodness of fit measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only three models did not have convergence problems: Lee-Carter (LC), Lee-Carter with two terms (LC2), and Age-Period-Cohort (APC) models. All models fit better for women, the improvement of LC2 on LC is mostly for central ages for men, and the APC model's fit is worse than the other two. The analysis of the standardized deviance residuals allows us to deduce that the models that reasonably fit the Colombian mortality data are LC and LC2. The major residuals correspond to children's ages and later ages for both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LC and LC2 models present better goodness of fit, identifying the principal characteristics of mortality for Colombia.Mortality forecasting from abridged life tables by sex has clear added value for studying differences between developing countries and convergence/divergence of demographic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"74 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6182348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36663579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragmented integration and transnational networks: a case study of Indian immigration to Italy and Spain.","authors":"Nachatter Singh Garha,&nbsp;Angela Paparusso","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0037-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0037-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to 2016 municipal register data, Italy has the highest number of Indians in continental Europe (151,000), followed by Spain (41,000). Mass immigration from India to Italy and Spain started in the 1990s, but economic and political environments more conducive to the entry and permanent settlement of immigrants have resulted in more rapid growth of the Indian immigrant community in Italy than Spain. Due to the unskilled and irregular nature of Indian immigration and the lack of integration policies for unskilled labour in both countries, the level of integration of Indian immigrants remains unexplored. In this research, we used a qualitative methodology to explore the integration level of Indian immigrants into different spheres of these host societies. We conducted 86 semi-structured interviews with Indian immigrants in seven cities with high concentration of Indian immigrants in both countries over 2016-2017. We found that the level of integration of Indian immigrants into the host societies is fragmented: some segments of the Indian community are integrated into specific spheres of the host societies, while the rest remain excluded. The main reasons for this fragmented integration are the absence of integration policies for unskilled immigrants, Indians' provisional attitudes towards permanent settlement in these countries, the internal diversity of the Indian immigrant community and frequent international mobility through transnational networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"74 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0037-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36456034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The determinants of Italian NEETs and the effects of the economic crisis.","authors":"Claudio Quintano,&nbsp;Paolo Mazzocchi,&nbsp;Antonella Rocca","doi":"10.1186/s41118-018-0031-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41118-018-0031-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the share of young people not in education, employment, or training (NEETs) has shown a remarkable increase in many European countries, such as Italy. The wide diffusion of NEETs represents an alarming social issue, as being NEET predisposes young people to long-term unemployment and social exclusion. It also has a significant negative impact on the economic growth and welfare equilibrium of countries. The aim of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the NEET condition in Italy through a step by step procedure beginning with the identification of their main characteristics and then proceeding with a focus on specific homogeneous clusters of NEETs. The decomposition of the gaps in the probabilities of being NEET between the various clusters allows verifying how personal characteristics effectively act. Furthermore, the influence of unobserved factors in the professional condition of young people has been analysed in more detail through a bivariate selection probit model on the propensity to look for a job against the condition of being inactive. The results confirm the crucial role of the education system, as well as the importance of the economic and social disparities between gender and the Italian territorial districts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35741,"journal":{"name":"Genus","volume":"74 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s41118-018-0031-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36252601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}