Arquivos de Gastroenterologia最新文献

{"title":"INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY PROLIFERATIONS: HISTOPATHOLOGY AND POTENTIAL IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS.","authors":"André Bubna Hirayama,&nbsp;Evandro Sobroza de Mello,&nbsp;Venâncio Avancini Ferreira Alves","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.23032023-107","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.23032023-107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Intrahepatic biliary proliferations represent a spectrum varying from reactive to malignant entities. •Clinical and imaging patterns may be similar, requiring histopathological and immunohistochemistry for precise diagnosis. Intrahepatic biliary proliferations represent a spectrum from reactive (ductular reaction, some with atypical architecture), hamartomatous (von Meyenburg complex), benign (bile duct adenoma) and precursor/borderline entities (biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct) to fully malignant (cholangiocarcinoma) neoplasms. Clinical pictures and even imaging patterns may be similar, requiring refined studies aiming at histopathological and immunohistochemistry for more precise diagnosis, essential for correct patient management. This article discusses updated concepts and definitions of most relevant entities aiming more specifically at the differential diagnosis in practice, focusing on morphology and immunohistochemistry, with a discussion of potential markers to help distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"393-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41138694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLINICAL OUTCOME AND SEVERITY OF CLOSTRIDIOIDES (CLOSTRIDIUM) DIFFICILE INFECTION AT A TERTIARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN BRAZIL.","authors":"Fernando Antônio Castro Carvalho,&nbsp;Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva,&nbsp;Bárbara Moreira Ribeiro Trindade Dos Santos,&nbsp;Amanda Nádia Diniz,&nbsp;Eduardo Garcia Vilela","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-36","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-36","url":null,"abstract":"•The outcomes of CDI were evaluated in 65 patients with CDI in a Brazilian tertiary hospital. •Lack of clinical improvement after treatment and the severity score (ATLAS) increased the risk of death. •The use of multiple antimicrobial agents was associated with longer hospital stays. •Patients with high Charlson comorbidity index (>7) were more likely to recur. Background - Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a potentially severe disease that can present with refractoriness, recurrence, and evolution to death. In Brazil, the epidemiology of CDI seems to differ from that of the United States and most European countries, with only one ribotype (RT) 027-related case and a high prevalence of RT106. Objective - The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of CDI and its possible association with ribotypes at a university hospital in Brazil. Methods - A total of 65 patients with CDI were included and stool samples were submitted to A/B toxin detection and toxigenic culture, and toxigenic isolates (n=44) were also PCR ribotyped. Results - Patients' median age was 59 (20-87) years and there were 16 (24.6%) deaths. The median Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was 4 (0-15) and 16.9% of the patients had CCI ≥8. The ATLAS score and non-improvement of diarrhea were related to higher mortality. A longer length of hospitalization was related to the enteral nutrition and use of multiple antibiotics. The period between CDI diagnosis and hospital discharge was longer in those who received new antibiotics after diagnosis, multiple antibiotics, and required intensive care treatment. Recurrence was associated with CCI >7. Twenty ribotypes were identified and RT106 was the most frequently detected strain (43.2%). No relationship was observed between the ribotypes and outcomes. CDI was present in patients with more comorbidities. Conclusion - Risk factors for higher mortality, longer hospital stay and recurrence were identified. A diversity of ribotypes was observed and C. difficile strains were not related to the outcomes.","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"330-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIGHTING COLORECTAL CANCER: UNDERSTANDING HOW CHANGES IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION IMPOSES NEW CHALLENGES ON PREVENTION.","authors":"Marcelo Averbach, Pedro Averbach","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.202303000-01","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.202303000-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"285-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41178637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL AND SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATIC NECROINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique De Puy E Souza,&nbsp;Luciana Diniz Silva,&nbsp;Diego Alves Vieira,&nbsp;Gifone Aguiar Rocha,&nbsp;Agnaldo Soares Lima,&nbsp;Paula Vieira Teixeira Vidigal","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-03","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•HDL cholesterol levels <60 mg/dL were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). •CHC patients with hypertension are at an increased risk of developing necroinflammatory activity. •In patients with CHC, liver fibrosis was independently associated with old age, steatosis, and HDL-C <60 mg/dL. •Triglycerides levels ≥150 mg/dL were associated with lobular inflammatory activity in patients with CHC. Background - Approximately 71 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. A significant number of these individuals will develop liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Beyond the liver, there is a sizeable body of scientific evidence linking cardiovascular disease and chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, the biological mechanisms behind the concurrence of these conditions have not been completely clarified yet. Objective - To evaluate associations between hepatic histology, clinical comorbidities and lipid profile in patients with CHC. To investigate associations between liver histology and demographic, nutritional, biochemical and virological parameters. Methods - Eight-five patients with CHC prospectively underwent hepatic biopsy. Liver fragments were obtained from each patient by percutaneous route using a Menghini needle. Fibrosis was evaluated according to the METAVIR scoring system, as follows: F0, no fibrosis; F1, fibrous portal expansion; F2, fibrous portal widening with few septa; F3, bridging fibrosis with architectural distortion; and F4, liver cirrhosis. The activity was classified based on the degree of lymphocyte infiltration and hepatocyte necrosis, from A0 to A3. The diagnosis of liver disease was based on clinical, biochemical, histological, and radiological methods. The data were analyzed by logistic regression models. Results - This cross-sectional study included 85 outpatients followed at the tertiary care ambulatory centre with a mean age of 57.2±10.7 years and 45 (52.9%) were females. There were 10 patients with cirrhosis. Patients with a METAVIR F3-F4 were significantly older (P=0.02) and had higher levels of ALT (P=0.0006), AST (P<0.0001), γ-GT (P=0.03) and bilirubin (P=0.001) and higher prothrombin time than patients with F0-F2 score. Albumin levels (P=0.01) were significantly lower in METAVIR F3-F4. Age (OR=1.09; 95%CI=1.02-1.16; P=0.02), steatosis (OR=4.03; 95%CI=1.05-15.45; P=0.04) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <60 mg/dL (OR=7.67; 95%CI=1.71-34.49; P=0.008) were independently associated with fibrosis. Hypertension (OR=6.36; 95%CI=1.31-30.85; P=0.02) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=9.85; 95%CI=2.35-41.39; P=0.002) were independently associated with necroinflammatory activity. Hypertension (OR=6.94; 95%CI=1.92-25.05; P=0.003) and HDL-C <60 mg/dL (OR=3.94; 95%CI=1.27-12.3; P=0.02) were associated with interface inflammatory activity. Triglycerides (TG ≥150 mg/dL) remained associated with lobular inflammatory activity. Conclus","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"287-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY PANCREATIC DISEASE AND TRIGLYCERIDE/GLUCOSE INDEX.","authors":"Luis Jesuino de Oliveira Andrade,&nbsp;Luis Matos de Oliveira,&nbsp;Alcina Maria Vinhaes Bittencourt,&nbsp;Gustavo Magno Baptista,&nbsp;Gabriela Correia Matos de Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-44","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease is associated with insulin resistance. •The triglyceride-glucose index has been used as a reliable marker for the diagnosis of insulin resistance. •The triglyceride-glucose index correlates positively with the degree of non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease. Background - Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD) is an increase of fat in the pancreas, and has an important association with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research has confirmed that the triglyceridemia/glycemia (TyG) index determines IR as much as does the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp assessment as the homeostasis model testing of IR (HOMA-IR). Objective - To eva-luate the association between degree of NAFPD and TyG index. Methods - In 72 patients undergoing ultrasound of abdomen with a diagnosis of NAFPD, insulin, glucose, and triglycerides levels were evaluated. The HOMA-IR and TyG indexes were used as a reference for IR. The degrees of NAFPD and the TyG index were presented through the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves in order to evaluate the association between different degrees of NAFPD, and the correlation of NAFPD with HOMA-IR was also evaluated. Results - There was a statistically significant correlation between the degree of NAFPD and the TyG index. The AUROC curve for the TyG index for predicting the degree of NADPD was 0.855 (0.840-0.865). The intensity-adjusted probabilities of the degree of NAFPD were more strongly associated with TyG values when compared with HOMA-IR. Conclusion - In this study the TyG index correlated positively with the degree of NAFPD, performing better than HOMA-IR.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"345-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND PROCEDURES IN A HIGH-VOLUME ENDOSCOPY UNIT IN BRAZIL.","authors":"Andressa Tomé Rezende de Faria,&nbsp;Tarik Walid Omairi,&nbsp;Bruna Ribeiro Krubniki,&nbsp;Bruna Lemos Silva,&nbsp;Otávio Micelli-Neto,&nbsp;Eloy Taglieri,&nbsp;José Celso Ardengh","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-75","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-75","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•In pancreatic neoplasms the EUS plays a key role in the management. •During the pandemic period, lockdown measures prevented patients with comorbidities from performing EUS. •The D-EUS decreased during COVID-19, while I-EUS increased and EUS-TA was the most commonly I-EUS procedure performed, with no increase in adverse events. •Despite the moderate impact of the pandemic period in endoscopic services around the world, EUS-TA of solid and cystic tumors of the pancreas was the main indication. Background - Reports of the impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic period/2020 on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) are scarce. Objective - We analyzed the impact of the pandemic period/2020 on the demographics, indications, and number of diagnostic EUS (D-EUS) and interventional EUS (I-EUS) procedures performed in a high-volume endoscopy unit compared with the previous non-pandemic period/2019. Methods - We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients undergoing D-EUS or I-EUS from March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020 (non-pandemic period/2019) and from March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021 (pandemic period/2020). Data compared between the study periods included sex, age, comorbidities, EUS findings and diagnosis, need for interventional procedures during EUS, and adverse events (AEs). Results were significant at P<0.05. Results - EUS procedures decreased from 475 in the non-pandemic period/2019 to 289 in the pandemic period/2020, accounting for a 39% reduction. In non-pandemic period/2019, 388 (81.7%) D-EUS and 88 (18.5%) I-EUS were performed, against 206 (71.3%) D-EUS and 83 (28.7%) I-EUS in pandemic period/2020 (P=0.001). Only 5/289 (1.7%) patients had COVID-19. Fewer patients with comorbidities underwent EUS during pandemic period/2020 due to lockdown measures (P<0.001). D-EUS decreased, whereas I-EUS increased (P<0.001). EUS-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) was the most common I-EUS, performed in 83/289 (28.7%) patients in pandemic period/2020, against 88/475 (18.5%) in non-pandemic period/2019 (P=0.001). AEs did not differ significantly between the study periods. Conclusion - Pandemic Period/2020 had a moderate impact on reducing EUS procedures due to the risks involved. Although I-EUS increased, EUS-related AEs did not. Solid and cystic pancreatic tumors remained a major indication for EUS-TA even during the pandemic period/2020.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"364-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCREASED RISK OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TOPHACEOUS GOUT: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY.","authors":"Antoine Boustany,&nbsp;Romy Rahhal,&nbsp;Jad Mitri,&nbsp;Somtochukwu Onwuzo,&nbsp;Hadi Khaled Abou Zeid,&nbsp;Imad Asaad","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-43","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•The study aims to investigate the risk of developing Colorectal cancer in patients with a history of chronic tophaceous gout. •A retrospective cohort analysis of adults extracted from a validated multicenter and research platform database from hospitals in the United States was utilized. •The risk of Colorectal cancer was statistically significantly increased in male gender, smokers, alcoholics, obese, type 2 Diabetic, and chronic tophaceous gout patients. •The risk of developing Colorectal cancer was significantly higher in patients who have a history of Chronic tophaceous gout while accounting for potential confounding variables. Background - Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer in both men and women and ranks second as the most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Classic risk factors include tobacco smoking, high alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and excess body weight. A prospective study found that an elevated serum uric acid was associated with higher rates of cancer-associated polyps. Interestingly, other studies found an association between elevated levels of serum uric acid and other types of cancer including colorectal cancer. Objective - Our study aimed to evaluate whether patients with chronic tophaceous gout had an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Methods - A validated multicenter and research platform database of more than 360 hospitals from 26 different healthcare systems across the United States was utilized to construct this study. Patients aged 18 years and above were included. Individuals who have had a history of familial adenomatous polyposis, a family history of colon cancer, and those diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease were excluded from the analysis. The risk of developing colon cancer was calculated using a multivariate regression analysis to account for potential confounders. Results - 80,927,194 individuals were screened in the database and 70,177,200 were selected in the final analysis after accounting for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetics (28.57%), smokers (10.98%), obese individuals (18.71%), alcoholics (3.13%), and patients who have had a diagnosis of chronic tophaceous gout were more common in the colon cancer group compared to those without the malignancy. Using multivariate regression analysis, risk of colon cancer was calculated for male gender (OR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.01-1.03), smokers (OR: 1.54; 95%CI: 1.52-1.56), alcoholics (OR: 1.40; 95%CI: 1.37-1.43), obese patients (OR: 1.52; 95%CI: 1.50-1.54), type 2 diabetic individuals (OR: 3.53; 95%CI: 3.50-3.57), and those who have had a diagnosis of chronic tophaceous gout (OR: 1.40; 95%CI: 2.48-3.23). Conclusion - As expected, patients with colon cancer were found to have a higher prevalence in males, obese, tobacco and alcohol users. We also demonstrated that patients with gout have a significantly higher prevalence of CRC than those who do not before and after adjusting for metabol","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"339-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41142863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND SARCOPENIA: A FOCUS ON MUSCLE STRENGTH - NARRATIVE REVIEW.","authors":"Joana Mendes,&nbsp;Catarina D Simões,&nbsp;Joana O Martins,&nbsp;Ana S Sousa","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-45","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•Muscle strength decline is a crucial factor for the course of sarcopenia in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. •There is a need to discuss the association between IBD and sarcopenia focusing not only on changes of muscle mass, but also on muscle strength. •A narrative review was conducted in order to present the set of factors with impact in both muscle strength and IBD. •Inflammation, reduced nutrient intake and malabsorption, changes in body composition and gut microbiota dysbiosis are most likely the main factors with impact on muscle strength in IBD patients. Inflammation, changes in nutrient absorption and gut dysbiosis are common conditions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. These factors may lead to variations in macro- and micronutrients and, particularly, to an imbalance of protein metabolism, loss of muscle mass and development of sarcopenia. This narrative review aims to present the set of factors with impact in muscle strength and physical performance that may potentially mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia. Studies that associated changes in muscle strength, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease were selected through a literature search in databases Medline, Pubmed and Scielo using relevant keywords: muscle strength, physical performance, sarcopenia and inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic inflammation is currently reported as a determinant factor in the development of muscle atrophy in inflammatory bowel disease. In addition, strength decline in inflammatory bowel disease patients may be also influenced by changes in body composition and by gut dysbiosis. Measures of muscle strength and physical performance should be considered in the initial identification of sarcopenia, particularly in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, for a timely intervention can be provided. Presence of proinflammatory cytokines, high adiposity, malabsorption and consequent deficits of macro and micronutrients, loss of muscle mass, and gut dysbiosis may be the main factors with impact in muscle strength, that probably mediate the relation between inflammatory bowel disease and sarcopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41104282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EARLY-ONSET COLORECTAL CANCER: AN ELEVEN-YEAR ANALYSIS OF CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AT A TERTIARY HEALTHCARE CENTER.","authors":"Jean Félix Piñerúa-Gonsálvez,&nbsp;Rosanna Del Carmen Zambrano-Infantino,&nbsp;María Antonella Rizzo-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Aurelio Dueñas-Diez,&nbsp;Luis Fernández-Salazar","doi":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-23","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S0004-2803.230302023-23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>•The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) has significantly increased worldwide, often leading to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. •This study investigates the clinicopathological characteristics of EO-CRC cases at an academic healthcare center in Spain. •The majority of patients with EO-CRC were diagnosed between 40-49 years of age. •Left-sided tumors were more common, and most patients were diagnosed at advanced stages. •Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type, with 18.8% showing KRAS mutation and 11.9% showing BRAF mutation. Background - Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence has increased significantly worldwide in recent years, and these individuals frequently have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. This study examines the clinicopathological characteristics of EO-CRC cases diagnosed at an academic healthcare center in Spain. Methods - A retrospective record review study of patients diagnosed with EO-CRC from 2010 to 2021 was performed. Clinical and pathological data were collected. Results - A total of 101 patients were included. The majority of cases (75.3%) were diagnosed in the age group between 40 and 49 years, specifically within the subgroup of 46-49 years. A family history of colorectal cancer was found in 23% of patients. Left-sided tumors were more common (43.6%), and most patients were diagnosed at advanced stages (34.7% at stage III and 32.7% at stage IV). The majority of patients (94.1%) were symptomatic, with rectal bleeding being the most prevalent clinical presentation. The most frequent histological type was moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (44.6%). KRAS mutant tumors were found in 18.8% and BRAF mutant tumors in 11.9%. 67.3% had microsatellite stability. Tumor recurrence occurred in 24.8% of the patients, while 27.7% of the patients died. Conclusion - From 2010 to 2021, EO-CRC accounted for 3% of all colorectal cancer cases. To improve early diagnosis and treatment, physicians should maintain a high suspicion of red flag symptoms in young patients. To decrease EO-CRC morbidity and mortality, starting diagnostic screening tests at age 45 should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell Raman and functional gene analyses reveal microbial P solubilization in agriculture waste-modified soils.","authors":"Hongzhe Li, Jiazhi Ding, Longji Zhu, Fei Xu, Wenjing Li, Yanpo Yao, Li Cui","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mlf2.12053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Application of agricultural waste such as rapeseed meal (RM) is regarded as a sustainable way to improve soil phosphorus (P) availability by direct nutrient supply and stimulation of native phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) in soils. However, exploration of the in situ microbial P solubilizing function in soils remains a challenge. Here, by applying both phenotype-based single-cell Raman with D₂O labeling (Raman-D₂O) and genotype-based high-throughput chips targeting carbon, nitrogen and P (CNP) functional genes, the effect of RM application on microbial P solubilization in three typical farmland soils was investigated. The abundances of PSMs increased in two alkaline soils after RM application identified by single-cell Raman D₂O. RM application reduced the diversity of bacterial communities and increased the abundance of a few bacteria with reported P solubilization function. Genotypic analysis indicated that RM addition generally increased the relative abundance of CNP functional genes. A correlation analysis of the abundance of active PSMs with the abundance of soil microbes or functional genes was carried out to decipher the linkage between the phenotype and genotype of PSMs. <i>Myxococcota</i> and C degradation genes were found to potentially contribute to the enhanced microbial P release following RM application. This work provides important new insights into the in situ function of soil PSMs. It will lead to better harnessing of agricultural waste to mobilize soil legacy P and mitigate the P crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35671,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de Gastroenterologia","volume":"59 1 1","pages":"190-200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10989763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85480673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}