Technology of technosphere safety最新文献_第3页

A model for information support of fire brigades management when extinguishing fires in buildings 楼宇灭火时消防队管理信息支持模型

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.141-150

K. Mikhailov

{"title":"A model for information support of fire brigades management when extinguishing fires in buildings","authors":"K. Mikhailov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.141-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.141-150","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Fire brigades carry out actions to extinguish fires in buildings in conditions of insufficient visibility. To increase the probability of extinguishing a fire by the first arriving unit, it is necessary to improve their information support. For information support for fire brigades control, it is suggested to use shortwave infrared range monitoring tools. The results of assessing the degree of influence of factors (smoke conditions and the availability of short-wave infrared range means) on the information support of fire brigades when extinguishing fires in buildings are presented. Goals and objectives. The aim of the study is to improve the information support of fire brigades based on the use of short-wave infrared monitoring tools when extinguishing fires in buildings. The objectives of the study are to build a factor model, determine the level of significance of factors – conditions for information support of fire departments and smoke conditions during a fire in a building, and analyze the results obtained. Methods. When conducting the research on constructing a factor model and determining the degree of influence of factors on the information support of fire brigades when extinguishing fires in buildings, scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, factor experiment, statistical processing of experimental data. Results and discussion. The results of the evaluation of the influence of factors on the information support of fire brigades showed that both factors – the degree of smoke and the availability of short-wave infrared monitoring tools are significant. In turn, improved information support conditions increase the likelihood of conducting a fire reconnaissance in the building. The results of the study can be used in the educational process when training personnel of fire brigades to practice professional skills. Conclusions. A factor model was built, which made it possible to determine the degree of influence of factors on the information support of fire departments when extinguishing fires in a building. It was found that the factors – smoke conditions and the availability of short-wave infrared monitoring tools are significant for information support of fire department management when extinguishing fires in a building. Keywords: visibility, smoke degree, short-wave infrared range, the source of fire.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130679366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Algorithm for determining limits of individual fire risk for Vietnam 确定越南个人火灾风险极限的算法

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.52-67

N. N. Brushlinsky, S. V. Sokolov, N. L. Prisyazhnyuk, V. H. Truong

{"title":"Algorithm for determining limits of individual fire risk for Vietnam","authors":"N. N. Brushlinsky, S. V. Sokolov, N. L. Prisyazhnyuk, V. H. Truong","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.52-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.52-67","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Fire risk management is an important part of any country's fire safety. For fire risk management, the normative value of individual fire risk (IFR) is important. This indicator allows fire safety specialists to compare the actual (calculated) values of an individual fire risk with its standard value. In many countries of the world, the values of IFR are defined, but in Vietnam such a standard has not yet been established, which complicates management activities in the field of fire safety. To establish the value of IFR, the limiting indicators of this value are initially determined. Aims and Purposes. The purpose of this article is to define an upper and lower limit for individual fire risk. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop an algorithm and apply it to determine the limiting values of the IFR. Methods. Used methods of mathematical analysis and methods of mathematical statistics. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, an algorithm was obtained for determining the upper and lower limit levels of individual fire risk in Vietnam and their specific values. This is an important step in directly defining the value of the IFR for Vietnam. Creating the value of IFR is extremely necessary when making managerial decisions to ensure the fire safety of territories and objects economically in Vietnam. Conclusions. Based on the developed algorithm, it was found that the indicator of the upper limit level of individual fire risk for Vietnam is 3,7∙10-6 and the indicator of the lower limit level is 3,7∙10-8. This means that the death toll from the fires in Vietnam must be higher than 3,7 deaths per 100 million people. per year and below 3,7 victims. per 1 million people in year. The value of the normative individual fire risk in Vietnam should be within these limits. Keywords: individual fire risk, marginal risk level, null hypothesis, ALARP principle, regression analysis.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127903026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SYSTEM OF MODELS FOR ANALYZING THE RESPONSE EFFICIENCY OF FIRE DEPARTMENTS 分析消防部门反应效率的模型系统

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2019.3.85.65-76

V. Vilisov, V. Semikov, S. P. Alexeev

引用次数: 0

FEATURES OF THE SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM OF SAVING PEOPLE IN CASE OF FIRE IN A PUBLIC BUILDING 公共建筑火灾救援社会技术系统的特点

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/TTS.2019.1.83.101-112

V. Kolodkin, D. Varlamov

引用次数: 0

Model and methodology for assessing the degree of complexity of buildings for organizing the actions of fire departments 评估建筑物复杂程度的模型和方法，以组织消防部门的行动

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.69-81

Egor Vladimirovich Stepanov, Min Khoang Kha Chan, S. Butuzov, V. V. Terebnev, D. Tarakanov

{"title":"Model and methodology for assessing the degree of complexity of buildings for organizing the actions of fire departments","authors":"Egor Vladimirovich Stepanov, Min Khoang Kha Chan, S. Butuzov, V. V. Terebnev, D. Tarakanov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.69-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.69-81","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Extinguishing fires in buildings causes the need for firefighters to carry out actions in conditions of limited visibility and unsuitable for breathing environment. To ensure fire safety of buildings of increased complexity and basements of complex layout, it is necessary to equip fire protection units with breathing apparatus with extended protective action time. The decision on equipment is made by the head of the territorial body of EMERCOM of Russia. However, at the moment there are no methods and criteria for assessing the degree of complexity of buildings in terms of the actions of fire departments. Accordingly, the person making the decision on equipment is based only on experience in extinguishing similar fires. Goals and objectives. The aim of the study is to develop a model for assessing the degree of complexity of buildings to support decision-making in extinguishing fires. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a model and methodology for assessing the degree of complexity of buildings for firefighters in an inhospitable environment. Methods. In the course of this study, a graph model was used to formalize the description of the degree of complexity of the building. The complexity assessment was carried out according to four parameters relative to the average value obtained for all the studied objects. Simulation modeling was used to assess the reliability of the research results. Results and its discussion. A model and methodology for determining the spatial degree of complexity of the task for the actions of fire departments have been developed, which allow determining the relative complexity index. The comparison of the results of the assessment of the degree of complexity of buildings with the time of the survey by gas and smoke protectors obtained as a result of the simulation modeling was carried out. Conclusions. The application of the results of the study will allow the decision-maker to determine the degree of complexity of buildings, which is necessary when choosing breathing apparatus with an extended protective action time and when predicting the likelihood of large (from the point of view of extinguishing tactics) fires. Keywords: degree of complexity of the building, fire protection units, large fires, graph model, assessment methodology.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116717847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL AND LOGIC MODEL OF RESERVATION OF THE MEANS OF OPERATIONAL FIRE MONITORING 实用型火灾监控装置预留的结构与逻辑模型分析

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2019.2.84.99-107

A. V. Kuznetsov, Ivanovo Fire, M. O. Bakanov, D. Tarakanov

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the behavior of the staff of shops of shopping and entertainment centers when organizing the evacuation of people 在组织人员疏散时，对购物娱乐中心商店工作人员的行为进行评估

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.3.97.144-159

Andrey Aleksandrovich Efimov, D. Shikhalev

{"title":"Assessment of the behavior of the staff of shops of shopping and entertainment centers when organizing the evacuation of people","authors":"Andrey Aleksandrovich Efimov, D. Shikhalev","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.3.97.144-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.3.97.144-159","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Fires in shopping and entertainment centers often receive a wide public response. First of all, this is due to the large number of dead and injured people. The results of domestic and foreign studies in the field of evacuation indicate that the behavior of personnel is one of the key factors affecting the safety of people in case of fire. However, the analysis of information about large fires at such facilities showed that the staff of shopping and entertainment centers does not always have the appropriate level of training and skills to organize the evacuation of visitors to the facility, which negatively affects the process under consideration. The established facts confirm the relevance of the research topic. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to establish the factors influencing the process of organizing the evacuation of people by collecting and analyzing information about the actions of personnel when various signs of fire appear. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conduct a survey of persons responsible for the evacuation of visitors to shopping and entertainment centers. Methods. To formalize the decision-making process and obtain data on the behavior of the staff of shopping and entertainment centers when organizing the evacuation of visitors, identifying their quantitative parameters and prevalence, a proven method of individual questioning was used. Results and its discussion. In the course of the study, a survey of the staff of shops of shopping and entertainment centers (384 respondents) was conducted. Important facts in the field of organization of the evacuation process have been revealed. Algorithms of personnel actions have been established when various signs of fire appear, as well as the procedure for organizing evacuation has been formalized. Conclusions. The results obtained will be applied in the development of an information and analytical system to support management decision-making in the organization of evacuation from shopping and entertainment centers. Computer simulation of evacuation, taking into account the algorithms obtained, will allow us to determine rational strategies for organizing the evacuation of people. Keywords: survey, evacuation organization, store staff, shopping and entertainment center, decision support.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121265380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EXTINGUISHING OIL POWER TRANSFORMERS 灭火油电力变压器的实验研究

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/TTS.2019.2.84.27-34

A. Rozhkov, D. Perednya, O. A. Dyuzhakov, Llc Promo Consulting

引用次数: 0

Forecasting the time spent in the investigation of fires 预测火灾调查所需的时间

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.117-133

Sergey Yurievich Karpov

{"title":"Forecasting the time spent in the investigation of fires","authors":"Sergey Yurievich Karpov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.117-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.117-133","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article presents the results of an experimental study related to the determination of the time spent in the performance of work on the investigation of fires by employees of the territorial divisions of the body of inquiry of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The data obtained by various research methods are presented, which allow forming an expert opinion on the necessary and sufficient amount of time to investigate the fire. Such a concept as a “normative” value of the time spent on investigating a fire is proposed, which is based on the obtained experimental and analytical data. When determining the number of interrogators, the budget of \"normative\" time for the main (basic) types of work is taken into account, taking into account regional characteristics and professional training of the employees of the body of inquiry. The article touches upon the significance of the correlation of the predicted time for investigating a fire with the quality of the case material, which is not always taken into account when predicting the time budget for certain types of work in the activities of the investigator. Questions are considered about the influence of various factors and criteria in rationing the number of interrogators and determining the optimal time budget for investigating a fire. Based on the introduction of additional positions in statistical reporting, it is proposed to organize monitoring of time spent in the activities of the investigator. This will allow not only to regulate the optimal number of employees, but also to identify resources to improve the efficiency of the investigation of crimes associated with fires. Goals and objectives. The goal is to experimentally determine the time spent on performing fire investigation work. To conduct a comparative analysis of the data obtained by experiment and questionnaire. Task: to determine the main \"basic\" work on the investigation of fires, which together will be used in determining the time spent by the investigator's activity load. To choose the most effective method of determining the initial data when predicting the activity load of the investigator. Methods. The method of analytical research. Experiment with the timing of actions in the investigation of fires. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the conducted research, the definition of \"normative\" time costs is proposed, taking into account regional peculiarities for enlarged basic types of work. Conclusion. It is advisable to take into account the data obtained by the experimental method to determine the time spent on performing fire investigation work. Keywords: management, activity load model, fire, fire safety, human resource provision, fire investigation, inquiry, investigator, number of employees, forecasting of time costs.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123104857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SEARCH FOR VICTIMS BY GAS AND SMOKE PROTECTION SERVICE USING INFRARED TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON CONVEX HULL DETECTION ALGORITHM 利用基于凸壳检测算法的红外技术对气体和烟雾保护服务的受害者进行搜索

Technology of technosphere safety Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/tts.2019.3.85.45-55

N. Topolskiy, A. Mokshantsev, E. Meshalkin, A. Ovsyanik, V. Kafidov, V. Korobko, Thanh To Hoang, K. Mikhaylov

引用次数: 0