Geographica Helvetica最新文献_第6页

Dependent or not? From a daily practice of Earth observation research in the Global South to promoting adequate developmental spaces in science and technology studies 是否依赖？从全球南方地球观测研究的日常实践到促进科学和技术研究的充分发展空间

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-105-2023

Daniel Thorpe

{"title":"Dependent or not? From a daily practice of Earth observation research in the Global South to promoting adequate developmental spaces in science and technology studies","authors":"Daniel Thorpe","doi":"10.5194/gh-78-105-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-78-105-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Ever since the operation of the first civilian Earth observation (EO) satellites gained momentum in the 1970s, potential benefits and disadvantages of transferring space science and technologies, such as remote sensing techniques, have also been discussed in relation to developing countries. However, this debate has so far largely taken place at a macro-comparative level. This paper presents results from moving to the ethnographic micro level in southwest Nigeria. It sets the experiences of researchers from the Global South, who use remote sensing data, in relation to a critical review of (post-)development theory perspectives and corresponding discourses in postcolonial science and technology studies (STS). The paper discusses how researchers construct collective agency towards capacity building as a shared liberatory language in relation to an amalgam of experienced and contested places in the EO community. At the intersection of STS, geography and the arena of development policies, these experiences create their own spatial references to a developing niche that invites scholars and development practitioners to rethink and reorganise knowledge production and technologies in a postcolonial world.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45240927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From the Black Mediterranean to liberation 从黑地中海到解放

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-99-2023

V. Thompson

引用次数: 1

Sensing weather: scientific and experiential modes of knowledge production for small-scale farming in western Kenya 传感天气:肯尼亚西部小规模农业知识生产的科学和经验模式

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-87-2023

Julian Rochlitz

{"title":"Sensing weather: scientific and experiential modes of knowledge production for small-scale farming in western Kenya","authors":"Julian Rochlitz","doi":"10.5194/gh-78-87-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-78-87-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Agriculture depends in large part on relations with weather\u0000phenomena, such as rain and temperature. Anticipatory knowledge about the\u0000atmosphere therefore is vital in agricultural livelihoods. Based on an\u0000ethnographic case study of weather forecasting for small-scale farming in\u0000western Kenya, in this paper I discuss different ways in which knowledge\u0000about the future weather is produced. While development organizations\u0000promote expert forecasts that draw on meteorological sensing technologies as\u0000a solution to dealing with climate change, I show how knowing the weather is\u0000an entangled affair in a sensory assemblage that simultaneously draws on\u0000scientific instruments and on other entities such as animals, plants,\u0000clouds and embodied sensoria associated with experiential knowledge.\u0000Building on concepts related to science and technology studies that address\u0000the relations between humans and nonhumans, I suggest to treat scientific\u0000and experiential devices symmetrically by looking at their more-than-human\u0000sensoria, proxies and imaginations to understand how farmers attune to the\u0000weather. In practice, then, navigating the uncertainties of the weather is\u0000not enabled by scientific meteorology alone, but by combining different\u0000sensory devices and practices of interpretation that together mediate the\u0000weather as something to be known and acted upon.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47785249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Großraum versus Lebensraum. Die Interdependenzen geographischer, juristischer und rassenbiologischer Ordnungsvorstellungen 大对抗地理、法律和种族之间的相互依存

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-75-2023

Ulrike Jureit

引用次数: 1

Ratzel contre la géopolitique ? Référence allemande et géographie politique dans la géographie française de l'entre-deux-guerres Ratzel反对地缘政治?两次世界大战期间法国地理中的德国参考和政治地理

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-65-2023

Nicolas Ginsburger

引用次数: 2

Resonanz und Rezeption. Werk und Wirkung Friedrich Ratzels im internationalen Vergleich 接线员和接线员弗里德里希·拉策的国际成果和影响

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-59-2023

Ulrike Jureit, Patricia Chiantera-Stutte

引用次数: 0

Book review : La ville néolibérale 书评:新自由主义城市

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-55-2023

Raphaël Languillon-Aussel

引用次数: 0

Book review: Handbuch Kritisches Kartieren 书评：手动关键映射

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-53-2023

Florian Dünckmann

引用次数: 0

Applying Friedrich Ratzel's political and biogeography to the debate on natural borders in the Italian context (1880–1920) 将弗里德里希·拉策尔的政治和生物地理学应用于意大利自然边界的辩论(1880-1920)

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-41-2023

Matteo Proto

{"title":"Applying Friedrich Ratzel's political and biogeography to the debate on natural borders in the Italian context (1880–1920)","authors":"Matteo Proto","doi":"10.5194/gh-78-41-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-78-41-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper examines the contribution of Italian academic geography to the processes of nation-building between ca. 1880–1920. With reference to Friedrich Ratzel's works, it explores the ways in which biological and vitalist theories shaped political processes. In the decades between Italy's national unification until the first post-war period, Italian academic geographers helped to consolidate the nation-state by means of theoretical reflection, applied research, and education. The main focus of geographers was in defining the national space and its boundaries, especially by developing a scientific analysis that could establish the\u0000exact position of the terrestrial border along the Alpine chain. The\u0000scientific topic was strongly connected with the nationalist question of\u0000irredenta, which garnered growing consideration in the last 2 decades of\u0000the 19th century. The epistemological turn in Italian geography was\u0000particularly influenced by new approaches in German geography introduced by\u0000scholars such as Oscar Peschel and Friedrich Ratzel and aimed to formulate a general understanding of biogeography in its relationship with the earth's physical space. The reception of this theoretical model in the political debate and the way it was applied in the following decades proved highly significant.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41688285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The State as a “form of life” and the space as Leistungsraum: the reception of Ratzel in the First and Second World Wars 作为“生命形式”的国家和作为雷斯特劳姆的空间：拉策尔在第一次和第二次世界大战中的接受

Geographica Helvetica Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.5194/gh-78-29-2023

Patricia Chiantera-Stutte

{"title":"The State as a “form of life” and the space as Leistungsraum: the reception of Ratzel in the First and Second World Wars","authors":"Patricia Chiantera-Stutte","doi":"10.5194/gh-78-29-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-78-29-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. My contribution explores the meaning of war and the role of Germany, which\u0000was seen as representing a Mittellage, before the First and the Second World Wars, through the eyes of two main authors who radically reinterpreted and appropriated geographical political thinking, particularly the work of Ratzel. I am referring to the Swedish political scholar Rudolf Kjellen and the “crown jurist” of the Third Reich, Carl Schmitt. The consideration of the triple relation between space, Ratzel and war casts light on Kjellen's and Schmitt's use of Ratzel as a lever in order to promote their idea of politics and political science. Ratzel's concepts offered Kjellen and, in a different way, Schmitt, a means of justifying their way of overcoming and stretching the “limits” of their disciplines and, at the same time, of introducing a new idea of political and geographical organization, which de facto legitimized German expansion, in two crucial periods of German political life – the First and the Second World Wars. As a consequence, their Ratzel was oriented toward militant aims. Moreover, their scientific and political ideas were clearly intertwined – they explicitly rejected the idea of separating their roles as political activists and as members of a\u0000scientific community.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35649,"journal":{"name":"Geographica Helvetica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42291418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2