Japanese Journal of Hygiene最新文献_第9页

[Effect of Reading a Book on a Tablet Computer on Cerebral Blood Flow in the Prefrontal Cortex]. [在平板电脑上读书对前额皮质脑血流量的影响]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.39

Akihiro Sugiura, Takuya Eto, Fumiya Kinoshita, Hiroki Takada

{"title":"[Effect of Reading a Book on a Tablet Computer on Cerebral Blood Flow in the Prefrontal Cortex].","authors":"Akihiro Sugiura, Takuya Eto, Fumiya Kinoshita, Hiroki Takada","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.39","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: By measuring cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal cortex, we aimed to determine how reading a book on a tablet computer affects sleep.Methods: Seven students (7 men age range, 21-32 years) participated in this study. In a controlled illuminance environment, the subjects read a novel in printed form or on a tablet computer from any distance. As the subjects were reading, the cerebral blood flow in their prefrontal cortex was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. The study protocol was as follows. 1) Subjects mentally counted a sequence of numbers for 30 s as a pretest to standardized thinking and then 2) read the novel for 10 min, using the printed book or tablet computer. In step 2), the use of the book or tablet computer was in a random sequence. Subjects rested between the two tasks.Results: Significantly increased brain activity (increase in regional cerebral blood flow) was observed following reading a novel on a tablet computer compared with that after reading a printed book. Furthermore, the region around Broca's area was more active when reading on a tablet computer than when reading a printed book.Conclusions: Considering the results of this study and previous studies on physiological characteristics during nonrapid eye movement sleep, we concluded that reading a book on a tablet computer before the onset of sleep leads to the potential inhibition of sound sleep through mechanisms other than the suppression of melatonin secretion.","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.39","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

[Approach to the Development of Mind and Persona]. [心灵和人格发展的方法]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.67

Toshiko Sawaguchi

{"title":"[Approach to the Development of Mind and Persona].","authors":"Toshiko Sawaguchi","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.67","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To access medical specialists by health specialists working in the regional health field, the possibility of utilizing the voice approach for dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients as a health assessment for medical access (HAMA) was investigated. The first step is to investigate whether the plural personae in a single DID patient can be discriminated by voice analysis.Methods: Voices of DID patients including these with different personae were extracted from YouTube and were analysed using the software PRAAT with basic frequency, oral factors, chin factors and tongue factors. In addition, RAKUGO story teller voices made artificially and dramatically were analysed in the same manner. Quantitive and qualitative analysis method were carried out and nested logistic regression and a nested generalized linear model was developed.Results: The voice from different personae in one DID patient could be visually and easily distinquished using basic frequency curve, cluster analysis and factor analysis. In the canonical analysis, only Roy's maximum root was <0.01. In the nested generalized linear model, the model using a standard deviation (SD) indicator fit best and some other possibilities are shown here.Conclusions: In DID patients, the short transition time among plural personae could guide to the risky situation such as suicide. So if the voice approach can show the time threshold of changes between the different personae, it would be useful as an Access Assessment in the form of a simple HAMA.","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.67","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Preface]. (前言)。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.147

Michihiro Kamijima, Katsuyuki Murata

引用次数: 0

[Historical Transition of Sexuality Education in Japan and Outline of Reproductive Health/Rights]. [日本性教育的历史转型和生殖健康/权利纲要]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.178

Emiko Nishioka

{"title":"[Historical Transition of Sexuality Education in Japan and Outline of Reproductive Health/Rights].","authors":"Emiko Nishioka","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.178","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe the historical transition of sexuality education in Japan and the direction of sexuality education taken by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Reproductive health/rights, a key concept in sex education, is also discussed. In Japanese society, discussion on sexuality has long been considered taboo. After the Second World War, sexuality education in Japan began as \"purity education.\" From 1960 until the early 1970s, physical aspects such as genital organs, function, secondary sexual characteristics, and gender differences were emphasized. Comprehensive education as a human being, including physiological, psychological, and social aspects, began to be adopted in the late 1970s. In 2002, it was criticized that teaching genital terms at primary schools and teaching about sexual intercourse and contraceptive methods at junior high schools were \"overdue guidance\" and \"extreme contents.\" Sexuality education in schools has become a problem and has stagnated for about 10 years. Currently, schools teach sexuality education that does not deviate from the MEXT course guidelines. The direction of MEXT regarding sexuality education should be examined from the basic position that sexual activity by children is inappropriate. Reproductive health/rights apply the concept of human rights to sexuality and reproduction. Reproductive health/rights are key concepts that support sex education and women's health.","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36176829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

[Editor's Note]. [编者按]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.245

Tsuyoshi Tanabe

引用次数: 0

[Editor's Note]. [编者按]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.96

Teruomi Tsukahara

引用次数: 0

[Recent Trends of Trace Element Studies in Clinical Medicine in Japan]. [日本临床医学微量元素研究的新动向]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.75

Hiroko Kodama

引用次数: 0

[New Approach to the Investigation of DOHaD Using X-inactivation Gene Expression System]. 用x -失活基因表达系统研究DOHaD的新方法

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.101

Takayuki Kumamoto, Shigeru Oshio

{"title":"[New Approach to the Investigation of DOHaD Using X-inactivation Gene Expression System].","authors":"Takayuki Kumamoto, Shigeru Oshio","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.101","url":null,"abstract":"X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) occurs during the gestation period to compensate for the dosage of X-linked genes in female mammals. Xist RNA is a long noncoding RNA with a global epigenetic function and is indispensable for XCI from the initiation to establishment and maintenance phases. The X chromosome contains over 1,000 genes that are essential for proper development, especially that of the brain, immune system, metabolism and reproductive functions. We found that exposure to bisphenol A or folate deficiency during the fetal period changes the expressions of Xist, Tsix (the antisense repressor of Xist), and many X chromosome linked genes widely in newborn mice. This finding suggests that this X-chromosome mediated effect is considered one of the mechanisms of various problems encountered in the fetal environment. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis states that nutrition and other environmental stimuli during critical periods affect developmental pathways with epigenetics and induce metabolism and chronic disease susceptibility. The XCI process has some similarities to this hypothesis and it may become one of the approaches to reveal the DOHaD mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"101-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Nonregular Employment in a Society with a Decreasing Birthrate: Workers' Marriage, Childbirth, and Childcare]. [低出生率社会中的非正规就业:劳动者的婚姻、生育和育儿]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.215

Mariko Nishikitani, Mariko Inoue, Shinobu Tsurugano

{"title":"[Nonregular Employment in a Society with a Decreasing Birthrate: Workers' Marriage, Childbirth, and Childcare].","authors":"Mariko Nishikitani, Mariko Inoue, Shinobu Tsurugano","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.215","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we examine the trend in Japan towards nonregular employment and its effects on marriage, childbirth, and childcare from the viewpoint of a decreasing societal birthrate. Although the decision to marry includes personal values and preferences, socioeconomic status factors such as income and employment type are also associated with the determinants of marriage. Nonregular employment workers have a lower rate and motivation for marriage than regular workers. Thus, socioeconomic disparity caused by employment needs to be minimized through governmental measures and policies. Nonregular employment is increasing among younger generations, and for them, maternity and childcare leave are especially vital. Employee insurance coverage should be expanded to function as a form of income security during these leaves of absence, such that nonregular workers are also covered. During the childcare period, which lasts more than 10 years, it is necessary to cover childrearing costs and also the time required to spend with children. If a single working parent is involved in childcare alone, there is the burden of both work and childcare. Additionally, long work hours can also impact workers that are not involved in childcare. This is a dilemma: a stable and regular employment is often necessary to achieve a higher education; however, it is difficult for nonregular employees to take care of and prepare children for higher education owing to limited financial means. Properly designed measures and policies are necessary to break this chain. Importantly, considerations about life and work are important for all workers, including nonregular workers, who are especially affected in terms of marriage, childbirth, and childcare.","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

[To the memory of the late Dr. Hideyasu Aoyama]. [纪念已故的青山秀康博士]。

Japanese Journal of Hygiene Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.73.243

Akira Babazono

引用次数: 0