{"title":"[Approach to the Development of Mind and Persona].","authors":"Toshiko Sawaguchi","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.67","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To access medical specialists by health specialists working in the regional health field, the possibility of utilizing the voice approach for dissociative identity disorder (DID) patients as a health assessment for medical access (HAMA) was investigated. The first step is to investigate whether the plural personae in a single DID patient can be discriminated by voice analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Voices of DID patients including these with different personae were extracted from YouTube and were analysed using the software PRAAT with basic frequency, oral factors, chin factors and tongue factors. In addition, RAKUGO story teller voices made artificially and dramatically were analysed in the same manner. Quantitive and qualitative analysis method were carried out and nested logistic regression and a nested generalized linear model was developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The voice from different personae in one DID patient could be visually and easily distinquished using basic frequency curve, cluster analysis and factor analysis. In the canonical analysis, only Roy's maximum root was <0.01. In the nested generalized linear model, the model using a standard deviation (SD) indicator fit best and some other possibilities are shown here.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In DID patients, the short transition time among plural personae could guide to the risky situation such as suicide. So if the voice approach can show the time threshold of changes between the different personae, it would be useful as an Access Assessment in the form of a simple HAMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.67","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Historical Transition of Sexuality Education in Japan and Outline of Reproductive Health/Rights].","authors":"Emiko Nishioka","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we describe the historical transition of sexuality education in Japan and the direction of sexuality education taken by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Reproductive health/rights, a key concept in sex education, is also discussed. In Japanese society, discussion on sexuality has long been considered taboo. After the Second World War, sexuality education in Japan began as \"purity education.\" From 1960 until the early 1970s, physical aspects such as genital organs, function, secondary sexual characteristics, and gender differences were emphasized. Comprehensive education as a human being, including physiological, psychological, and social aspects, began to be adopted in the late 1970s. In 2002, it was criticized that teaching genital terms at primary schools and teaching about sexual intercourse and contraceptive methods at junior high schools were \"overdue guidance\" and \"extreme contents.\" Sexuality education in schools has become a problem and has stagnated for about 10 years. Currently, schools teach sexuality education that does not deviate from the MEXT course guidelines. The direction of MEXT regarding sexuality education should be examined from the basic position that sexual activity by children is inappropriate. Reproductive health/rights apply the concept of human rights to sexuality and reproduction. Reproductive health/rights are key concepts that support sex education and women's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36176829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Recent Trends of Trace Element Studies in Clinical Medicine in Japan].","authors":"Hiroko Kodama","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.75","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deficiency or excess intake of trace elements, including zinc, copper, selenium and iodine, has often been reported. Zinc deficiency is often observed in infants fed breast milk with low zinc concentration, individuals administered chelating medicines, athletes and patients with diabetes mellitus, hepatic cirrhosis or nephrosis syndrome. Menkes disease is associated with severe copper deficiency, and there is no effective treatment. Deficiencies of selenium and iodine are observed in patients who receive special formulas of milk and enteral formula with low selenium and iodine concentrations, respectively. In contrast, neonatal transient hypothyroidism due to excess intake of iodine in pregnant women has also reported in Japan. It is expected that collaborative studies by researchers and clinicians will contribute to clarify the detail mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of these abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.75","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[New Approach to the Investigation of DOHaD Using X-inactivation Gene Expression System].","authors":"Takayuki Kumamoto, Shigeru Oshio","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) occurs during the gestation period to compensate for the dosage of X-linked genes in female mammals. Xist RNA is a long noncoding RNA with a global epigenetic function and is indispensable for XCI from the initiation to establishment and maintenance phases. The X chromosome contains over 1,000 genes that are essential for proper development, especially that of the brain, immune system, metabolism and reproductive functions. We found that exposure to bisphenol A or folate deficiency during the fetal period changes the expressions of Xist, Tsix (the antisense repressor of Xist), and many X chromosome linked genes widely in newborn mice. This finding suggests that this X-chromosome mediated effect is considered one of the mechanisms of various problems encountered in the fetal environment. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis states that nutrition and other environmental stimuli during critical periods affect developmental pathways with epigenetics and induce metabolism and chronic disease susceptibility. The XCI process has some similarities to this hypothesis and it may become one of the approaches to reveal the DOHaD mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"101-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Nonregular Employment in a Society with a Decreasing Birthrate: Workers' Marriage, Childbirth, and Childcare].","authors":"Mariko Nishikitani, Mariko Inoue, Shinobu Tsurugano","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we examine the trend in Japan towards nonregular employment and its effects on marriage, childbirth, and childcare from the viewpoint of a decreasing societal birthrate. Although the decision to marry includes personal values and preferences, socioeconomic status factors such as income and employment type are also associated with the determinants of marriage. Nonregular employment workers have a lower rate and motivation for marriage than regular workers. Thus, socioeconomic disparity caused by employment needs to be minimized through governmental measures and policies. Nonregular employment is increasing among younger generations, and for them, maternity and childcare leave are especially vital. Employee insurance coverage should be expanded to function as a form of income security during these leaves of absence, such that nonregular workers are also covered. During the childcare period, which lasts more than 10 years, it is necessary to cover childrearing costs and also the time required to spend with children. If a single working parent is involved in childcare alone, there is the burden of both work and childcare. Additionally, long work hours can also impact workers that are not involved in childcare. This is a dilemma: a stable and regular employment is often necessary to achieve a higher education; however, it is difficult for nonregular employees to take care of and prepare children for higher education owing to limited financial means. Properly designed measures and policies are necessary to break this chain. Importantly, considerations about life and work are important for all workers, including nonregular workers, who are especially affected in terms of marriage, childbirth, and childcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"215-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[To the memory of the late Dr. Hideyasu Aoyama].","authors":"Akira Babazono","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"243-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Environmental Impact Assessment of Wind Power Generation Facilities].","authors":"Kunio Hara","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impacts of wind power generation facilities on neighborhood residents, animals, plants, water environment and landscape are a concern. Therefore, in 2010, wind turbine facilities were targeted to be covered by the environmental impact assessment law, which was enacted in 1999, and was amended with the environmental impact statement procedure in 2013. A guidance level of noise produced by wind turbines in quiet residential areas was set in 2017. In the environmental impact statement procedure at the planning stage of targeted projects, the trust of precedent users should be obtained and consensus building should be implemented. Projects of wind turbine facilities are accepted in accordance with the environmental impact assessment law using the new guidance noise level and the procedure of the environmental impact statement.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 3","pages":"284-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36535002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}