Japanese Journal of Hygiene最新文献

{"title":"[Some Attentional Points in the Clinical Aspects of Trauma Care].","authors":"Toshiko Sawaguchi,&nbsp;Toshiko Kamo","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Almost all patients requiring care for a combination of sexual, physiological, and psychological trauma, suffer from psychological or mental illness. Mental symptoms are well known to be associated with the violence very well and assailants have a violence dependency but it is not a well known mental disease. Changing of roles between being an assailant and being a victim is observed in half of the patients. In patients with trauma, hyperarousal and apathy appears simultaneously, and avoidance symptoms, intrusion symptoms, and crashed sleep, dissociation are also recognized. In addition, symptoms of orality are observed in patients requiring trauma care. However, hyperarousal, disturbance of sleep, and suicidal ideation improve quickly and the symptoms of a pair of a mother-child pair are well correlated. In organic non-temporary hyper psychogenic diseases (physiological diseases and surgery, and so on), non-organic psychogenic diseases (psychiatric diseases), and diseases on the border line between organic and non-organic diseases (psychosomatic diseases and may be unknown to non-medical professionals knowledge of such characteristic symptoms) is important information for health and medical care in the regional comprehensive care setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"57-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.57","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Underlying Mechanisms of Methamphetamine-Induced Self-Injurious Behavior and Lethal Effects in Mice].","authors":"Tomohisa Mori,&nbsp;Toshiko Sawaguchi","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Relatively high doses of psychostimulants induce neurotoxicity on the dopaminergic system and self-injurious behavior (SIB) in rodents. However the underlying neuronal mechanisms of SIB remains unclear. Dopamine receptor antagonists, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonists, Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) inhibitors and free radical scavengers significantly attenuate methamphetamine-induced SIB. These findings indicate that activation of dopamine as well as NMDA receptors followed by radical formation and oxidative stress, especially when mediated by NOS activation, is associated with methamphetamine-induced SIB. On the other hand, an increase in the incidence of polydrug abuse is a major problem worldwide. Coadministered methamphetamine and morphine induced lethality in more than 80% in mice, accompanied by an increase in the number of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-immunoreactive cells in the heart, kidney and liver. The lethal effect and the increase in the incidence of rupture or PARP-immunoreactive cells induced by the coadministration of methamphetamine and morphine were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with a phospholipase A2 inhibitor or a radical scavenger, or by cooling of body from 30 to 90 min after drug administration. These results suggest that free radicals play an important role in the increased lethality induced by the coadministration of methamphetamine and morphine. Therefore, free radical scavengers and cooling are beneficial for preventing death that is induced by the coadministration of methamphetamine and morphine. These findings may help us better understand for masochistic behavior, which is a clinical phenomenon on SIB, as well as polydrug-abuse-induced acute toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.51","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ego-state Therapy: Psychotherapy for Multiple Personality Disorders].","authors":"Toshiro Sugiyama","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.62","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The author describes ego-state therapy. This psychotherapy is used for treating multiple personality disorders. The author mentions the theoretical background of this method, and practical points. Initially, ego-state therapy was developed as a type of hypnotherapy, but it evolved as a safe therapeutic method in combination with trauma processing therapies. The author presents a case study, and discusses the clinical significance of this treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 1","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.62","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35782478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dilemma of Environmental Health Research].","authors":"Katsuyuki Murata,&nbsp;Toyoto Iwata,&nbsp;Eri Maeda,&nbsp;Kanae Karita","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents not only a brief overview of birth cohort studies focusing on environmental health in which the associations between health and environment were examined, but also a tentative plan to apply epidemiological data to benchmark dose calculation. According to the preceding studies, the checkpoints to be scrutinized when a result is not consistent with those of other researchers are as follows: (1) whether the study included all crucial confounders, (2) whether it included any exposure marker or confounder with a U-shaped dose-response curve, (3) whether the outcome measure was conducted by two or more examiners that might lead to measurement bias, (4) whether such examiners picked up information about exposure levels of the subjects before measuring the endpoints, and (5) whether subjects with different genetic factors were included in the analysis. In addition, (6) researchers conducting a children's study on developmental effects due to toxic substances must keep in mind that the impact of prenatal methylmercury exposure, independent of postnatal exposure, may continue for at least seven years. (7) When an environmental health research emphasizes to be population-based study, the levels of exposure to environmental chemical substances in developed countries with strict environmental regulations may be too low to examine a dose-response relationship for critical dose estimation. Such risk assessment should be carried out among the subjects with a wide range of exposure levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36176826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Reproductive Toxicological Research as Countermeasures to Declining Birth Rate].","authors":"Michihiro Kamijima","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research into reproductive toxicology may lead to one of the countermeasures to the declining birth rate observed in industrialized countries. Some chemicals can pose risks to human reproduction that is a multistage process starting from the development of male and female germ cells to childbirth and the subsequent growth and development of the child. In Japan, the government has amended law enforcement, i.e., the Regulations on Labor Standards for Women, recently to improve protection for pregnant women against reproductive chemical hazards in workplaces. Male workers may also be protected against such hazards if appropriate risk assessment and the following management are performed as required by the Industrial Safety and Health Law. However, it remains a concern that an unexpected adverse outcome due to an unknown reproduction hazard may occur owing to the use of chemicals not listed in the regulations. This is because the toxicity of a large number of chemicals has not been entirely revealed. Moreover, it is often difficult to determine from a Safety Data Sheet for a product of interest whether the chemicals contained in the product do not have reproductive toxicity or the toxicity data are just not available because of lack of pertinent studies. Thus, researchers in the field of occupational and environmental health need to make effort to fill in such data gaps and to raise the awareness among the public the importance of experimental and epidemiological studies. Study designs for investigating subclinical effects, mechanisms of reproductive toxicity, exposure levels, and dose-response relationships to determine environmental standards are also required.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 3","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36535008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Transport and Toxicity of Cadmium].","authors":"Ken-Ichi Ohba","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium is a nonessential heavy metal and an industrial and environmental pollutant. It has been known that cadmium must enter cells to cause damage. To understand the transport systems responsible for cadmium entry into cells, it is important to determine the precise mechanisms underlying cadmium toxicity. Numerous studies have sought to unravel the exact pathways by which cadmium enters various cells and the mechanisms by which it causes toxicity in the organs of human and animals. The purpose of this review is to present the progress made regarding the mechanisms of cadmium transport in various cells and the mechanisms underlying cadmium toxicity in organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 3","pages":"269-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36537088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current Situation around Wind Power Generation and Health Effects of Wind Turbine Noise].","authors":"Tatsuya Ishitake,&nbsp;Kunio Hara","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 3","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36537090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors Related to Nutritional Intake in Students Attending Universities, Colleges, and Vocational Schools: Focus on Gender and Household Living Arrangement].","authors":"Junichi Kasamaki,&nbsp;Kunio Miyanishi,&nbsp;Yoshiko Kasahara,&nbsp;Hiroshi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Junichi Nishida,&nbsp;Takayuki Shibukura","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this cross-sectional study of students was to analyze nutritional intake factors and their contribution to preventing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was based on the results of the Eating Behavior and Health Awareness survey conducted among university, college, and vocational school students throughout the main island of Japan (1,256 valid responders).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the logistic regression analysis are given below. Variables with significant positive regression coefficients, in the order from higher to lower odds ratios, were as follows: \"household living arrangement\", \"skipping breakfast\", and \"cooking techniques\" were the variables shown in men; \"household living arrangement\", \"instant food intake\", \"skipping breakfast\", \"eating out\", \"stages of change in healthy eating\", were the variables shown in women. In contrast, the variable \"body mass index (BMI)\" exhibited a significant negative regression coefficient in women. Students with low BMI showed a higher probability of exhibiting high nutritional intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The variables \"household living arrangement\" and \"skipping breakfast\" may be associated with nutritional imbalance in both genders. Future prospective studies on diet and lifestyle factors are needed to clarify this issue further.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 3","pages":"395-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36538397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New Scientific Evidence-based Public Health Guidelines and Practical Manual for Prevention of Sick House Syndrome].","authors":"Reiko Kishi,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yoshino,&nbsp;Atsuko Araki,&nbsp;Yasuaki Saijo,&nbsp;Kenichi Azuma,&nbsp;Toshio Kawai,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yamato,&nbsp;Haruki Osawa,&nbsp;Eiji Shibata,&nbsp;Masatoshi Tanaka,&nbsp;Ayumi Masuchi,&nbsp;Machiko Minatoya,&nbsp;Yu Ait Bamai","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, we have published a book containing evidence-based public health guidelines and a practical manual for the prevention of sick house syndrome. The manual is available through the homepage of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/06-Seisakujouhou-11130500-Shokuhinanzenbu/0000155147.pdf). It is an almost completely revised version of the 2009 version. The coauthors are 13 specialists in environmental epidemiology, exposure sciences, architecture, and risk communication. Since the 1970s, health problems caused by indoor chemicals, biological pollution, poor temperature control, humidity, and others in office buildings have been recognized as sick building syndrome (SBS) in Western countries, but in Japan it was not until the 1990s that people living in new or renovated homes started to describe a variety of nonspecific subjective symptoms such as eye, nose, and throat irritation, headache, and general fatigue. These symptoms resembled SBS and were designated \"sick house syndrome (SHS).\" To determine the strategy for prevention of SHS, we conducted a nationwide epidemiological study in six cities from 2003-2013 by randomly sampling 5,709 newly built houses. As a result 1,479 residents in 425 households agreed to environmental monitoring for indoor aldehydes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). After adjustment for possible risk factors, some VOCs and formaldehyde were dose-dependently shown to be significant risk factors. We also studied the dampness of the houses, fungi, allergies, and others. This book is fully based on the scientific evidence collected through these studies and other newly obtained information, especially from the aspect of architectural engineering. In addition to SHS, we included chapters on recent information about \"multi-chemical sensitivity.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"116-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36176821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trends in Research on Adolescent Sexuality Education, Fertility Awareness, and the Possibility of Life Planning Based on Reproductive Health Education].","authors":"Emiko Nishioka","doi":"10.1265/jjh.73.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1265/jjh.73.185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we describe the trends in research on adolescent sexuality education in Japan and other countries and on fertility awareness, as well as the possibility of life planning based on sex and reproductive health education. Mason-Jones AJ et al. reviewed the results of school-based intervention studies on the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus infection, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy. There is little evidence supporting the idea that educational curriculum-based programs alone are effective in improving sex and reproductive health outcomes in adolescents. In another study, the effectiveness of school-based sexuality education for adolescents in Japan was evaluated. The Japan Medical Abstract Society was searched for articles published in the last 10 years. In many studies, the effects were compared before and after a single sexuality education lecture by professionals, such as doctors, midwives, and public health nurses. In Japan, effort has been directed toward sexuality education, but no systematic program based on behavior theory has been adopted. Therefore, sex education is insufficient. A third study clarified research on fertility awareness in adults and issues regarding improvements in related education and research. The Japan Medical Abstract Society and PubMed were searched for articles published in the last 10 years. The review suggested that awareness of female fertility is insufficient. Delaying childbearing based on inaccurate knowledge of the decline in female fertility could lead to unintended infertility. For males and females, sexual health education in schools and communities should include information on the age-related decline in female fertility. Although the determinants of the timing of childbearing are multifactorial, education on fertility issues is necessary to help adults make informed reproductive decisions based on accurate information. Finally, in this paper, we introduce examples of the pioneering efforts in sexual health education through collaboration between the governments of Oita and Okayama Prefectures and Oita and Okayama Universities.</p>","PeriodicalId":35643,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Hygiene","volume":"73 2","pages":"185-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1265/jjh.73.185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36177872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}