Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Kinetics of photolysis and photocatalytic oxidation of ammonium sulfite for hydrogen production","authors":"Moustafa Aly Soliman,&nbsp;Maryam Zakaria","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The production of hydrogen via photocatalytic water splitting is one of the most promising technologies for obtaining chemical energy from direct solar energy while maintaining the least possible waste and pollutants. In this paper, we obtain the kinetic parameters necessary for the design of a photoreactor for photolysis and photocatalysis of ammonium sulfite solution. For the case of photolysis, we obtain the kinetics for the effect of changing the pH on the produced amount of hydrogen. For the case of photocatalysis, the intrinsic kinetic parameters of photocatalysis of water splitting reaction of ammonium sulfite and water in the presence of cadmium sulfide as a catalyst under solar radiation was inspected by developing MATLAB codes that can predict the kinetics based on the results of experimental work done. The resulted kinetics are compared to experimental work already done. These obtained kinetic parameters provide guidance for the design or scale-up of a solar photoreactor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363921001665/pdfft?md5=0936c7871a00b6d749e4c1e681c90cdf&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363921001665-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86707251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultimate bearing capacity of strip footing resting on rock mass using adaptive finite element method","authors":"Sagar Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Vinay Bhushan Chauhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An essential requirement during the design of structures is a rational assessment of the ultimate bearing capacity of the footing resting on rock mass (<em>q_u</em>). The <em>q_u</em> is influenced by several parameters, and the simultaneous consideration of all such factors during the assessment of ultimate bearing capacity is a cumbersome process. Considering that the available literature lacks in providing the influence of various parameters of the rock mass on <em>q_u</em>, an attempt has been made in this study to evaluate <em>q_u</em> of a strip footing resting on a rock mass, which was presumed to follow the latest form of Hoek-Brown failure criterion using finite element modeling. The results obtained in this study were validated with the previous findings of the bearing capacity factors (<em>N_σ0</em>) for a footing resting on weightless rock mass. A comprehensive study has been performed to get an insight into the factors affecting the <em>q_u</em> of a footing resting over the rock mass by varying the Geological Strength Index (<em>GSI</em>) ranging from 10 to 100, as well as the disturbance factor (<em>D</em>) at 0 and 1, together with the embedment depth of the footing (<em>D_f</em>). The <em>q_u</em> is determined by the load-settlement response obtained from numerical simulations and the observed potential failure planes from the simulations are analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the <em>q_u</em> was greatly influenced by the <em>GSI</em> of the rock mass and the effect of <em>D</em> reduces with higher values of <em>GSI</em>. The study recommends that the <em>q_u</em> of a poor mass can be increased by placing the footing at a deeper depth (<em>D_f</em>).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363921001379/pdfft?md5=bc39cb14294e5471bf0d77110461364b&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363921001379-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84561409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effects of recycled concrete aggregate size and concentration on properties of high-strength sustainable concrete","authors":"Md. Habibur Rahman Sobuz ,&nbsp;Shuvo Dip Datta ,&nbsp;Abu Sayed Mohammad Akid ,&nbsp;Vivian W.Y. Tam ,&nbsp;Shoaib Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Jewel Rana ,&nbsp;Farhad Aslani ,&nbsp;Çağlar Yalçınkaya ,&nbsp;Norsuzailina Mohamed Sutan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper studies the fresh and mechanical properties of high-strength concrete (HSC) by incorporating recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) of varying sizes and concentrations. The recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) was prepared by partially replacing RCA with natural coarse aggregate (NCA) at 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%, with aggregate sizes ranging from 5 to 12 and 12–20-mm. Fresh concrete properties, such as slump, Kelly ball, compacting factor, K-slump, and fresh density, were tested to determine the influence of RCA size and concentration. In addition, the mechanical properties were studied through the execution of compressive, split-tensile, and stress-strain tests. The test results revealed that increasing the RCA concentration declines the fresh and hardened properties of HSC. In the fresh concrete experimentation, the 12–20 mm aggregate size RAC mixes exhibited greater workability than the 5–12 mm aggregate mixes. On the contrary, 5–12 mm aggregate mixes RAC had higher compressive and split-tensile strength and a higher modulus of elasticity than 12–20 mm aggregate mixes concrete. When it comes to sustainability, the study found that the smaller size range of RAC produces inferior embodied CO₂ <!-->(eCO₂) and provides a cost-effective and sustainable solution for the construction industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363922000356/pdfft?md5=534b0a7f51c403ef86ae011eb6d284eb&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363922000356-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88999112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consolidated effect of fiber-reinforcement and concrete strength class on mechanical performance, economy and footprint of concrete for pavement use","authors":"Babar Ali ,&nbsp;Erol Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sohail Jameel ,&nbsp;Waqas Haroon ,&nbsp;Rayed Alyousef","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The advancement in the tensile strength and ductility of plain concrete can minimize the quantity of materials required per unit strength to build eco-friendly structures. This paper compares the compressive and flexural behavior of different strength classes (C20, C30, and C45) of concrete with the varying volume fractions of hooked steel fiber (HSF) considering the application of concrete road. The performance of each strength class was evaluated and compared based on the compressive and tensile testing results. Using the mechanical properties of concrete mixtures; the design thickness, cost, and global warming potential of concrete pavement were calculated and compared between different mixes under the same traffic loadings. The results showed that the maximum utilization of HSF was observed in the high-strength C45, whereas HSF showed comparatively low efficiency in low-strength C20. At 0.25% volume of HSF, low strength C20 concrete showed higher residual strength and flexural toughness than that of the plain high strength C45 concrete. The analysis of design thickness of pavements revealed that low-strength C20 at 0.25–0.5% HSF can provide cost-effective and eco-friendly pavements compared to a plain high strength C45 for the same design loadings. The results of this study provide useful insights on the selection of strength class and concentration of steel fiber for pavement application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363921001380/pdfft?md5=12b1efcde132b793dbb7a0b2326f2611&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363921001380-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84276885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue − Concrete for sustainable construction","authors":"Nadeem Ahsan Siddiqui (Guest Editor),&nbsp;Mohammad Jamal Al-Shannag (Guest Editor)","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363924000308/pdfft?md5=befa65522520cc3f0aafd088ec71f4bd&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363924000308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of sustainable concrete containing recycled latex gloves and silicone catheter under elevated temperature","authors":"Mohammad I. ALbiajawi ,&nbsp;Rufaidah Wahppe Alkasawneh ,&nbsp;Sahar A. Mostafa ,&nbsp;Izwan Johari ,&nbsp;Rahimah Embong ,&nbsp;Khairunisa Muthusamy","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to its environmental, economic, and durability advantages, sustainable concrete has considerably increased the potential of research in recent years. This paper investigates how rubber waste affects the mechanical properties, durability, and microstructure of the concrete matrix. Industrial rubber such as ground latex gloves (LG) and silicone catheters (SC), are substituted for coarse aggregate in concrete mixes. Workability, density, compressive strength, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests are applied to examine the performance and properties of the modified concrete. The impact of high temperatures on concrete containing industrial rubber is also examined. To achieve this objective, the samples are tested at normal and high temperatures (room temperature, 200 °C, and 400 °C, respectively) and four substitution levels are used (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) by weight. The results illustrate that the inclusion of different percentages of the LG and SC significantly improves the water absorption of the concrete samples. In addition, the density of concrete containing recycled rubber decreases by 34%. Compressive strength decreased by 86% and 59% at a replacement level of 10% for LG and SC, respectively. High-temperature level has shown a significant effect on the properties of rubberized concrete. This study establishes the possibility of incorporating LG and SC at limited replacement levels in concrete; thereby, proving that these materials are applicable in industrial use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363921001689/pdfft?md5=1c3a00624580f23b17581d42d8ef54a0&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363921001689-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74718635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viability of cellulose nanofibre powder and silica fume in self-compacting concrete rheology, hardened properties, and microstructure","authors":"Nahla N. Hilal ,&nbsp;Yusra M. Alobaidi ,&nbsp;Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research investigated the influence of adding cellulose nanofiber (CNF) on the rheology and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The CNFs were produced from wastepaper through chemical treatment and added as 0.25%, 0.50%, 1%, 2%, and 3% by weight of cement in SCC. The results revealed that the increase in the content of CNF caused the decrease in slump flow diameter (SFD), and the lowest SFD of 600 mm was achieved at 2% CNF. In addition, the T50 flow and unit weight increased with the increase in the content of CNF, and the maximum values of 5 s and 2.6 kg/m³ were achieved at 2% and 3% CNF, respectively. Furthermore, the compressive strength increased with an increase in curing age and CNF content (until 0.5%), and the maximum value of compressive strength was achieved as 89 MPa for 0.5% CNF at 28-days of curing. The dry density results increased with the increase in CNF contents at 7-days of curing. The ultrasound pulse velocity and strength ultrasound decreased with the increase in CNF contents. The results showed that the inclusion of CNF improved the microstructure and formed crack bridging. In conclusion, CNF (up to 0.5%) can be used for the production of SCC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363922000290/pdfft?md5=f93da1e630598c0d00a245150ea43123&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363922000290-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78260015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of biorejuvenator types on microstructure, mechanistic performance, and resilient modulus prediction model of asphalt concrete containing recycled materials in Indonesia","authors":"Atmy Verani Rouly Sihombing ,&nbsp;Bambang Sugeng Subagio ,&nbsp;Eri Susanto Hariyadi ,&nbsp;Agah Muhammad Mulyadi ,&nbsp;Retno Utami ,&nbsp;Reza Phalevi Sihombing","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biorejuvenators are rejuvenating agents produced from sustainable biological raw materials. In this study, a biorejuvenator was used in recycled materials, such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), to determine its effect on the asphalt binder film thickness (ABFT) and resilient modulus (S_mix) of an asphalt concrete wearing course (ACWC) mixture, which was tested at the optimum binder content (OBC). The ABFT was investigated using scanning electron microscopy and the S_mix was determined from the asphalt mixture test using UMATTA at test temperatures of 20–40 °C. The asphalt mixture was prepared with RAP (0–30%), pen 60/70, aggregates, and two types of biorejuvenators, namely coconut shell bioasphalt (BioCS) and BitutechRAP (from trees). Furthermore, an S_mix model was developed for each mixture type. The ABFT value obtained from the microstructural test results for each mixture corresponded with the minimum ABFT requirements for the adhesion criteria of the asphalt mixture, microstructurally demonstrating that the biorejuvenators worked well to restore the performance of 30%RAP in the ACWC mixture. Both types of biorejuvenators could activate the bitumen of the RAP (RA binder) because they could still produce S_mix. The value of S_mix produced from the RAP and BioCS mixture was greater than that produced from the RAP and BitutechRAP mixture. In the resulting S_mix model, the influential volumetric parameters for ACWC + RAP + BioCS and ACWC + RAP + BitutechRAP were the voids in mineral aggregate and voids in asphalt, respectively. Based on the results of the microstructural, mechanistic, and S_mix models, BioCS, as a local Indonesian biorejuvenator, has significant potential to rejuvenate recycled materials up to 30%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363923000296/pdfft?md5=4735d25a1c9198fc6d2a773a3c7f7500&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363923000296-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83831385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of EPS incorporation on insulated concrete form (ICF) wall panels under axial compression and flexure","authors":"Arun Solomon A. ,&nbsp;Hemalatha G. ,&nbsp;Sudheer G. ,&nbsp;Joel Shelton J. ,&nbsp;Jemimah Carmichael M.","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Axial, flexure, and shear loads are the most common loads that could impact any structure. For instance, wall panels and columns majorly carry axial loads from the beam and slabs; they are also susceptible to flexure and shear loads from the wind or earthquake loads. Insulated concrete form (ICF) is a portable component of interconnected expanded polystyrene (EPS) panels filled with concrete. EPS remains in place and becomes part of the wall to enhance thermal resistance and structural performance. This paper focuses on an experiment that investigated the performance of ICF wall panels under axial compression and flexure. EPS with a higher density of 20 and 40 kg/m³ and a higher thickness of 50 and 100 mm was selected to prepare ICF wall panels for this experimental investigation. In addition, the plain concrete panel was cast for reference. Axial, flexure, and shear load-carrying capacity, load displacement, load–deflection profiles, crack propagation patterns, failure nature, and strain energy are analyzed and reported in this paper. It was observed that ICF panels were superior to plain concrete panels in terms of axial, flexure, and shear load-carrying capacity, failure nature, and absorbed strain energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363922000332/pdfft?md5=da699d5918765199348aa55e2f8183e0&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363922000332-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78467519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridge steel fiber reinforced concrete specimens under high loading rates","authors":"Shamsoon Fareed ,&nbsp;Pegah Behinaein ,&nbsp;Ali Almonbhi ,&nbsp;Wadea Sindi ,&nbsp;Ayed Alluqmani","doi":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksues.2021.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to its inherent properties, concrete exhibits brittle failure once it attains its peak compressive and tensile strengths. As concrete is weak in tension, it is usually reinforced with steel bars to resist tensile stresses produced by the applied loading in its superstructure and infrastructure. However, over the last few decades, steel fibers have also been used in preparing concrete for the construction of structural components. Based on some published studies, it has been observed that the use of steel fibers significantly decreases the brittleness associated with concrete and causes an increase in peak compressive and tensile strengths. Furthermore, it was also observed that its behavior significantly differs under increasing compressive loading rates when compared under static loads. However, these studies have been unable to identify the causes of this change in behavior under increasing loading rates; therefore, in this study, a detailed numerical investigation has been carried out using non-linear finite-element analysis software, ABAQUS. It was found that the behavior exhibited by steel fiber reinforced concrete specimens under high rates of compressive loading represents a structural response rather than material behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":35558,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University, Engineering Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018363921001240/pdfft?md5=737a8fa8891664bf5007890ecd6f2919&pid=1-s2.0-S1018363921001240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87119728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}