{"title":"Learning to Teach English Language Learners as “a Side Note”","authors":"Guofang Li, Yue Bian, J. M. Martínez","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines nine TESOL minor preservice teachers' (PSTs') perspectives of their preparation to teach ELLs in the US, including their perceptions regarding learning in formal teacher education courses and their experiences outside the program. Findings revealed that their formal ELL learning in the program courses was limited in scope and depth due to the program's “just good teaching ideology” that treated teaching ELLs the same as other student groups, and its knowledge-transmission model that provided few opportunities to apply the knowledge acquired in the courses. The PSTs actively sought ELL learning opportunities outside the teacher education program. Despite these efforts, the PSTs felt unprepared to teach ELLs. The findings suggest that to fully prepare PSTs for ELLs, teacher education programs must shift ELL education from “a side note” to systematic and explicit integration in the core content and spaces of teacher development.","PeriodicalId":355521,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Assessment Practices and Pedagogical Models for Immigrant Students","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121702219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ILLs for ELLs","authors":"Yolanda L. Dunston, Justine Daniel, S. Stock","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH013","url":null,"abstract":"The number of U.S. residents who are linguistically diverse has increased significantly over time, and many of these residents are school-age children who are learning English and grade-level content simultaneously. The task of promoting success for these students while holding them to the same high academic standards as their native English-speaking peers can be a daunting one, as teachers also strive to encourage acceptance and a safe context for learning and growth to occur. This chapter highlights one classroom teacher who implemented an instructional strategy, Interactive Learning Logs, which allowed her to create a classroom environment that promoted acceptance, high expectations, and skillful differentiation to meet the needs of all of her students, including her ELLs. The chapter shares this teacher's personal experiences with the ILL strategy and how it enhanced ELL student performance through planned instructional supports.","PeriodicalId":355521,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Assessment Practices and Pedagogical Models for Immigrant Students","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133213686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Culturally Relevant Preparedness Using STEAM Integrative Teaching in the Classroom","authors":"Heather Mckeen","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH008","url":null,"abstract":"Although there exist some studies that examine culturally relevant teaching and its positive impact on learning outcomes; overall, these studies are not abundant, and teachers are generally unaware of the educational frameworks that would allow them to apply their theoretical knowledge of culturally relevant preparedness in practice. In this respect, STEAM can be a perfect solution for reinforcing culturally relevant teaching at schools. First, culturally relevant teaching requires certain conditions (e.g., diversity, inclusion, a teacher's willingness to learn, etc.) that are inherent in the STEAM educational framework. Second, the STEAM educational framework shares similar values with culturally relevant teaching (e.g., brain focus on social and cross-cultural skills, pedagogical focus on teachers' learning, etc.). Finally, the literature review demonstrates that there are numerous strategies of using the STEAM educational framework to reinforce culturally relevant teaching (e.g., to design a culturally relevant program based on STEAM).","PeriodicalId":355521,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Assessment Practices and Pedagogical Models for Immigrant Students","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133780440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Teachers Need to Know About English Language Learners' Translanguaging in the Classroom","authors":"Laila Aghai","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH007","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative research study focuses on English language learners who are continuing their education in the U.S. high schools and examines their translanguaging in the classroom. When students are learning a second language, they use their linguistic repertoire and their knowledge in English and their native language for negotiation of meaning. In order to gain a better understanding of the students' translanguaging, one ESL teacher and 10 ESL students were interviewed and observed in a classroom. The ESL students spoke Arabic as their native language and had beginning to intermediate proficiency levels. The findings of the study showed that English language learners use various strategies to make the content comprehensible by making connections between their knowledge in their L1 and L2.","PeriodicalId":355521,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Assessment Practices and Pedagogical Models for Immigrant Students","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130987257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultivating Ecological Generosity and Sustainability in Elementary Youth and Student Teachers via Children's Books","authors":"Laura B. Liu","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9348-5.CH015","url":null,"abstract":"Teacher candidates enrolled in a Civic Science for Elementary Schools course at a public university in a Midwestern state developed children's books on ecological diversity and sustainability. The children's books were analyzed qualitatively using constant comparative analyses that involved analyzing each book's images and text for evidence of key themes. Analyses demonstrated children's book creation as an instructional pedagogy and ecological diversity and sustainability as curricular content powerful to enhance ENL student engagement, identification, and learning in a new cultural, linguistic, and ecological setting. Book creation involves narrative and visual explanation of key concepts accessible to ENL learners. Ecological diversity and sustainability are values shared across regions and can enhance ENL student identification with a new school context, while valuing their knowledge funds. The public library emerged as a supportive glocal civic space to build pedagogical bridges among teacher candidates, elementary schools, and the shared community resource of children's books.","PeriodicalId":355521,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Assessment Practices and Pedagogical Models for Immigrant Students","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121575781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}