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Capacity and the exercise of patient autonomy. 能力和病人自主权的行使。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241304559
Benjamin Andoh
{"title":"Capacity and the exercise of patient autonomy.","authors":"Benjamin Andoh","doi":"10.1177/00258172241304559","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241304559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Capacity, often linked with the exercise of patient autonomy, was considered again recently by the Court of Appeal in <i>Thirumalesh Chellamal Hemachandran and Another v Sudiksha Thirumalesh (Deceased)</i> <i>(By her litigation friend, The Official Solicitor) and Others</i> ([2024] EWCA Civ 896). This paper reviews that case and comments on it in the light of the two related key themes of capacity and patient autonomy. The paper concludes that only patients with capacity can exercise patient autonomy because a patient who lacks capacity cannot make a decision regarding their medical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"82-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing trauma evaluation: Comparative analysis of post-mortem computed tomography and autopsy findings in abdominal stab wounds. 加强创伤评估：腹部刀伤死后计算机断层扫描与尸检结果的对比分析。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241245556
Darshan Galoria, Srushti Shukla, Shridhar Dave, Preeti Tiwari, Prateek Rastogi, Pradeep Rana, Dhara Goswami, Arijit Datta
{"title":"Enhancing trauma evaluation: Comparative analysis of post-mortem computed tomography and autopsy findings in abdominal stab wounds.","authors":"Darshan Galoria, Srushti Shukla, Shridhar Dave, Preeti Tiwari, Prateek Rastogi, Pradeep Rana, Dhara Goswami, Arijit Datta","doi":"10.1177/00258172241245556","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241245556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In cases of traumatic deaths, accurate assessment of injuries is essential for both legal and medical purposes. This case report compares the findings of post-mortem computed tomography with conventional autopsy methods in assessing abdominal stab wounds. A 34-year-old woman with multiple stab wounds in the abdomen underwent post-mortem examination, including computed tomography imaging. Computed tomography revealed specific breaches in the skin's continuity and internal injuries, including perforation of the stomach. A conventional autopsy confirmed the presence of multiple stab wounds and associated injuries to internal structures. However, additional injuries to major blood vessels, such as the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava, were only detected during manual exploration of the peritoneal cavity. This case highlights the complementary roles of post-mortem computed tomography and conventional autopsy in evaluating traumatic injuries. While computed tomography imaging offers non-invasive visualisation of injuries, manual examination remains essential for identifying certain injuries, particularly those affecting major blood vessels. The integration of computed tomography imaging with traditional autopsy methods enhances the accuracy and reliability of forensic assessments in cases of traumatic deaths, particularly in complex cases involving multiple injuries. Understanding the strengths and limitations of these techniques is crucial for improving forensic investigations and ultimately enhancing medico-legal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"105-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heat, drought and death - communal responsibility? 炎热、干旱和死亡——共同的责任？
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/00258172251323740
Diana Brahams, Eleanor Jane Turner
{"title":"Heat, drought and death - communal responsibility?","authors":"Diana Brahams, Eleanor Jane Turner","doi":"10.1177/00258172251323740","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172251323740","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"59-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Histopathological and medico-legal aspects in a case of death related to an undiagnosed cerebral large B-cell lymphoma. 一例与未确诊的脑大 B 细胞淋巴瘤有关的死亡病例的组织病理学和医学法律问题。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241245856
Rosario Barranco, Anna Roncallo, Sara Candosin, Rita Bianchi, Giulio F Orcioni, Francesco Ventura
{"title":"Histopathological and medico-legal aspects in a case of death related to an undiagnosed cerebral large B-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Rosario Barranco, Anna Roncallo, Sara Candosin, Rita Bianchi, Giulio F Orcioni, Francesco Ventura","doi":"10.1177/00258172241245856","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241245856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report an unusual and undetected case of primary central nervous system lymphoma presenting as multiple lesions in the periventricular occipital lobe in an immunocompetent host, which had manifested as a stroke. The neoplastic diagnosis was made only after death following a thorough autopsy and histopathological examinations which enabled the diagnosis of a rare cancer (primary cerebral lymphoma) which remained undetected and undiagnosed during life.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"110-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The eye in forensic practice: In the dead. 法医实践中的眼睛：在死者身上。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241230210
Alok Atreya, Navneet Ateriya, Ritesh G Menezes
{"title":"The eye in forensic practice: In the dead.","authors":"Alok Atreya, Navneet Ateriya, Ritesh G Menezes","doi":"10.1177/00258172241230210","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241230210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-mortem examination of the eye provides valuable forensic information yet is often overlooked. This brief review focuses on determining the cause/manner of death and post-mortem interval. External eye findings like corneal haziness and tache noire, combined with post-mortem changes in the iris, lens, retina and vitreous humour, can help estimate time since death. Ocular biometrics (iris/retinal scans) may facilitate identification. Age-related ocular changes can provide insights. The eye offers clues into personality (corneal tattooing, trichotillomania) and cause of death (petechiae in strangulation, retinal haemorrhages in abusive head trauma). Ocular trauma and underlying eye disease may be evident. Toxicology of vitreous humour can detect drugs/poisons. As a window into systemic disease and age-related changes, the eye aids pathology interpretations and, accordingly, post-mortem examinations have value. Ocular findings should not be overlooked in forensic examinations as they provide distinct information in determining cause/manner of death and post-mortem interval.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A military medico-legal medley. 军事医学和法律的混合。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241304557
Sarah Galbraith
{"title":"A military medico-legal medley.","authors":"Sarah Galbraith","doi":"10.1177/00258172241304557","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241304557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"62-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Demonstrating the expertise of an expert witness in the civil court: Use of a concise CV after the judgment in Re C. 在民事法庭上展示专家证人的专业知识：Re C.案判决后简明简历的使用
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/00258172231191343
Nicholas Todd
{"title":"Demonstrating the expertise of an expert witness in the civil court: Use of a concise CV after the judgment in <i>Re C</i>.","authors":"Nicholas Todd","doi":"10.1177/00258172231191343","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172231191343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The suitability of an unregistered expert psychologist to give evidence to the Family Court was considered in <i>Re C</i> [2023] EWHC 345 (Fam). An important part of the judgment focused on the need for an expert witness to demonstrate, in a short, concise and relevant CV, why they have the expertise to give opinion evidence in the case. The judgment has important implications for experts in civil litigation, where the same issues arise. The case of <i>Re C</i> is reviewed and recommendations for a new format for part of expert reports provided in civil litigation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"70-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139716466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative evaluation of two different dental age estimation methods using tooth pulp: A CBCT study. 利用牙髓对两种不同牙龄估计方法进行比较评估：CBCT 研究。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241235466
Harmi Patel, Shilpa J Parikh, Jigna S Shah
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of two different dental age estimation methods using tooth pulp: A CBCT study.","authors":"Harmi Patel, Shilpa J Parikh, Jigna S Shah","doi":"10.1177/00258172241235466","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241235466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimTo estimate the age of an individual based on 3D radiographic evaluation of pulp width of maxillary central incisor.Materials and methodsThis study included 185 CBCT images of individuals within age range of 14-64 years. Images were evaluated for maxillary central incisors and pulp width measurements were taken from cementoenamel junction and middle third of root. Obtained data was subjected to correlation and regression analysis from which the age of an individual was predicted. Results of the present study were compared with another study by the same authors.ResultsA negative linear relationship was obtained between age and pulp width. The standard error of estimate (SEE) in sagittal section was 11.36 years and that in coronal section was 11.23 years. The coefficient of determination for sagittal section was 0.107 and for coronal section was 0.127. An obtained regression formula was highly significant. Division of samples into various age groups reduced SEE drastically.ConclusionIt can be concluded that pulp width of maxillary central incisor is a reliable indicator of age estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Duplex kidney: An incidental autopsy finding of clinical and medico-legal significance. 双肾脏：具有临床和医学法律意义的尸检偶然发现。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241233403
Daideepya C Bhargava, Anupriya S Nair, Vikas P Meshram, Meenakshi Rao, Tanuj Kanchan
{"title":"Duplex kidney: An incidental autopsy finding of clinical and medico-legal significance.","authors":"Daideepya C Bhargava, Anupriya S Nair, Vikas P Meshram, Meenakshi Rao, Tanuj Kanchan","doi":"10.1177/00258172241233403","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241233403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duplex kidney, a rare congenital anomaly characterised by dual urinary drainage from the kidney, is typically discovered incidentally, often during radiological imaging or autopsy procedures. We report a case of a 21-year-old male who died from injuries sustained in a road traffic accident. The autopsy examination showed an incidental finding of duplex kidney on the left side. We discuss the clinical and potential medico-legal significance of duplex kidney which also has implications in renal transplantation. Notably, the presence of duplex kidney can potentially serve as an identifier in forensic investigations, given its rare incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-occurrence of patent foramen ovale and Chiari network in a diabetic patient. 一名糖尿病患者同时患有卵圆孔未闭和 Chiari 网络。
Medico-Legal Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00258172241230205
Hind Abouzahir, Ahmed Belhouss, Hicham Benyaich
{"title":"Co-occurrence of patent foramen ovale and Chiari network in a diabetic patient.","authors":"Hind Abouzahir, Ahmed Belhouss, Hicham Benyaich","doi":"10.1177/00258172241230205","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00258172241230205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionThe coexistence of congenital cardiovascular anomalies provides valuable insights into the intricate nature of human cardiac anatomy and its potential interactions with underlying health conditions. This case report presents an autopsy analysis of a diabetic patient manifesting both a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network.Case presentationA 26-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted with post cardiac arrest. He died despite resuscitative efforts. Autopsy revealed notable findings including a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network. Post-mortem biochemical markers indicated elevated HbA1c level and hyperglycaemia. The absence of cryptogenic strokes or paradoxical embolism prompted exploration into potential relationships between these anomalies and metabolic disturbances, and prompts a discussion about whether the observed anatomical variations could potentially serve as risk factors contributing to the patient's death due to complications of diabetes.ConclusionThe co-occurrence of a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network within a diabetic patient, accompanied by elevated HbA1c level and hyperglycaemia, offers a unique perspective on the convergence of congenital cardiovascular variation and metabolic health. The juxtaposition of these anomalies with biochemical markers underscores the intricate interplay between cardiac morphology and metabolic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35529,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Legal Journal","volume":" ","pages":"99-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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