Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century最新文献

Introductory Chapter: The Need to Change the Paradigm - Sustainability and Development at the 21st Century 引言:范式转变的必要性——21世纪的可持续性与发展

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90655

M. Bastante-Ceca, J. L. Fuentes-Bargues, F. Mihai, C. Iatu, L. Hufnagel

{"title":"Introductory Chapter: The Need to Change the Paradigm - Sustainability and Development at the 21st Century","authors":"M. Bastante-Ceca, J. L. Fuentes-Bargues, F. Mihai, C. Iatu, L. Hufnagel","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90655","url":null,"abstract":"Since the second half of the twentieth century, the big processes of globalization of the economy, coupled with the development of new technologies and the increase of the population, have led to the emergence of major environmental problems whose importance transcends beyond the limits of the countries, in a manner that we could say that they are global impacts. These problems include, among others, the ozone layer depletion, the climate change due to the greenhouse gas emission, or the depletion of natural resources. Industry, as well as modern societies, must face this challenge, changing their consumption patterns, increasing product life, banishing the concept of “use and throw away,” and changing from the traditional productive systems to a more sustainable ones. Sustainable Development’s most recognized definition was stablished at the publication Our Common Future, known as Brundtland Report [1], as: “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key concepts:","PeriodicalId":355212,"journal":{"name":"Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century","volume":"562 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131772202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Sustainable Rural Development under Agenda 2030 2030年议程下的可持续农村发展

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90161

F. Mihai, C. Iatu

引用次数: 19

Green and Sustainability in Software Development Lifecycle Process 软件开发生命周期过程中的绿色与可持续性

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88030

M. Muthu, K. Banuroopa, S. Arunadevi

引用次数: 4

Green Building Rating Systems as Sustainability Assessment Tools: Case Study Analysis 绿色建筑评级系统作为可持续性评估工具:案例研究分析

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.87135

M. Mohamed

{"title":"Green Building Rating Systems as Sustainability Assessment Tools: Case Study Analysis","authors":"M. Mohamed","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.87135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.87135","url":null,"abstract":"Building performance and occupants’ comfort lie at the core of building design targets. Principles of green architecture and building physics are not given enough thought and consideration. In the best cases, some thought is given to such factors but without a scientific methodology, which takes into consideration appropriate climatic data and appropriate assessment tools. Most importantly, the interference of the environmentalist in architecture projects comes usually very late in the design processes. Facing these facts has driven most countries to adopt official strategies and policies to deal with building’s performance. The rating systems are among these initiatives. The author of this chapter adapts a detailed methodology to aid the integration of the principles of the green architecture in the early stages of design using rating systems. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) 1 that was developed in the USA by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) for Core and Shell has been employed as the main design target. This chapter presents a brief about the world green initiatives and discusses the results of applying the methodology of integrating the green architectural principles at the early stages of design processes—through precedent analysis.","PeriodicalId":355212,"journal":{"name":"Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130054849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Probabilistic-Entropic Concept of Sustainable Development of the Example of Territories 区域可持续发展的概率熵概念

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89287

A. Tyrsin, A. A. Surina, A. Antonov

引用次数: 0

Attributional and Consequential Life Cycle Assessment 归因和结果生命周期评估

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89202

T. Ekvall

{"title":"Attributional and Consequential Life Cycle Assessment","authors":"T. Ekvall","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.89202","url":null,"abstract":"An attributional life cycle assessment (ALCA) estimates what share of the global environmental burdens belongs to a product. A consequential LCA (CLCA) gives an estimate of how the global environmental burdens are affected by the production and use of the product. The distinction arose to resolve debates on what input data to use in an LCA and how to deal with allocation problems. An ALCA is based on average data, and allocation is performed by partitioning environmental burdens of a process between the life cycles served by this process. A CLCA ideally uses marginal data in many parts of the life cycle and avoids allocation through system expansion. This chapter aims to discuss and clarify the key concepts. It also discusses pros and cons of different methodological options, based on criteria derived from the starting point that environmental systems analysis should contribute to reducing the negative environmental impacts of humankind or at least reduce the impacts per functional unit: the method should be feasible and generate results that are accurate, comprehensible, inspiring, and robust. The CLCA is more accurate, but ALCA has other advantages. The decision to make an ALCA or a CLCA should ideally be taken by the LCA practitioner after discussions with the client and possibly with other stakeholders and colleagues.","PeriodicalId":355212,"journal":{"name":"Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115203537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Rural Tourism and Territorial Development in Italy 意大利乡村旅游与地域发展

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-07-30 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85774

M. V. Piñeiro, P. D. Salvo, Francesca Giommi

{"title":"Rural Tourism and Territorial Development in Italy","authors":"M. V. Piñeiro, P. D. Salvo, Francesca Giommi","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85774","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyses the development of rural tourism in Italy over the recent decades. Since the end of the twentieth century, also due to the crisis of industrialization and the exhaustion of the factory work model, interest in “returning to the countryside” has grown. The spreading of new social and cultural trends, more sensitive to the issues of sustainability and preservation of natural wealth, has encouraged in Italy, the country of art and the beautiful landscape, a sudden increase in new tourism initiatives that are environmental friendly and revolving around quality food and wine. The “Roads of flavours” and numerous associations of small towns have therefore been created, to enhance the Italian artistic and architectural heritage. In particular, interest in Mediterranean diet has increased, as shown by the growth in tourism linked to oil. There is no lack of compatibility problems as well as difficulties in devising new cohabitation formulas, but as this work demonstrates, after the boom of the “sun and beach” tourism of the 1960s, today a far more diversified tourist panorama has emerged, thus allowing the rural world to benefit from a renewed momentum.","PeriodicalId":355212,"journal":{"name":"Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133730531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Horizontal and Vertical Archipelagoes of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Andean Realm 安第斯地区农业和农村发展的水平和垂直群岛

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-07-29 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86841

C. Stadel

{"title":"Horizontal and Vertical Archipelagoes of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Andean Realm","authors":"C. Stadel","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86841","url":null,"abstract":"The tropical Andes offer a unique mosaic of physical and human environments. Since the pioneering field research of Alexander von Humboldt over 200 years ago, the Andean realm has been considered as a model for an intricate altitudinal zonation of climate, vegetation and agriculture. In addition to this, latitude, proximity to the Pacific Ocean or Amazon Basin, topography, hydrology and geomorphology enrich the variety of landscapes. In terms of agriculture and rural development, a corollary of other factors shapes the human landscape. Particularly significant among them are the ethnic affiliation of the population with their cultural heritage, the colonial and post-colonial imprint, land tenure, accessibility to roads and larger settlements, agricultural and non-agricultural opportunities, the access to and acceptance of innovations and modernization, and also the resilient capability of the rural population to adapt to climate change and to new cultural, social, economic, and political conditions. This chapter attempts to explore, in a summarizing fashion, the agricultural and rural archipelagoes of the tropical Andes in their horizontal and vertical dimensions. In a concluding part, the author critically examines some rural scenarios and postulates a “ campesino -oriented development”.","PeriodicalId":355212,"journal":{"name":"Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134605940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Synergistic Impact of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Management on the Lake Kinneret Ecosystem 气候变化与人为管理对Kinneret湖生态系统的协同影响

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-07-08 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86512

M. Gophen

引用次数: 1

International Cooperation for Smart and Sustainable Agriculture 智慧农业与可持续农业国际合作

Sustainability Assessment at the 21st century Pub Date : 2019-06-13 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86464

D. Dragomir, M. Dragomir, Daniel Acs, S. Popescu

引用次数: 0