L. Dissado, S. Rowland, J. C. Fillipini, J. Fothergill, S. Wolfe, C. Meyer
{"title":"Individual & ensemble water tree growth","authors":"L. Dissado, S. Rowland, J. C. Fillipini, J. Fothergill, S. Wolfe, C. Meyer","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726477","url":null,"abstract":"Our aim here is to present a simple method whereby the growth of vented water trees can be quantitatively analysed, and to examine those factors that lead to a distribution of lengths in materials containing an ensemble of trees.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114977379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voltage dependence of corona signature from defect stator bar insulation during aging","authors":"Y. J. Kim, J. K. Nelson","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726491","url":null,"abstract":"Many experiments have been aimed at finding a relationship between partial discharge spectra (1),(2) and insulation condition, but a clear consensus has not yet been formed. The work described is part of a larger effort designed to learn more about the relationships between the life of machine insulation and diagnostic indices derived from corona spectroscopy and other measurements. In particular, it is shown that variations in the voltage used during testing can be a useful parameter in extending the usefulness of both pulse height analysis (PHA) and pulse phase angle analysis (PØA).","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123932869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of polypropylene morphology on AC breakdown","authors":"B. Krishnakumar, R. Gupta, E. Forster, J. Laghari","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726494","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that when a crystallizable polymer is solidified from a solution or a melt, a wealth of physical structures can be obtained depending on the processing conditions. In addition, the structures so obtained can be further altered by additional steps such as drawing and annealing. Consequently, polymeric solids exhibit a range of values for the same physical property, a behavior which is quite unlike that observed with low molecular weight solids. This, therefore, offers the possibility of modifying a material's physical properties by changing its physical structure. The property of interest here was the AC breakdown strength and the polymer used was isotactic polypropylene.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127934555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization effects in polymer dielectrics: Theoretical modeland experimental results","authors":"A. Primatic, R. Doran, J. Orehotsky","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726439","url":null,"abstract":"The voltage decay response as a function of time after open circuiting a fully charged capacitor containing a molecularly polarized dielectric media was examined in an equivalent circuit representation. The equivalent circuit involves: the resistance (R) of the dielectric as a circuit element representing leakage effects; the capacitance (C) of the dielectric for characterizing the time dependence of the RC discharging circuit effect; and a black box (K) for representing the time dependence of the molecular polarization effects in the dielectric. From this equivalent circuit representation, the voltage decay due to leakage current, capacitive discharging, and polarization effects was found to obey a power law time dependence characterized by a CK time factor which is added to the open circuit run time (t) where this sum is raised to a negative K/R power: V = Va [CK]K/R [CK + t]−K/R This predicted power law time dependence was examined experimentally using several simple and composite polymer dielectrics, and the results were generally consistent with the predicted behavior particularly for the simple polymer dielectrics.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121150363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Near UV emission during electrical tree initiation in LDPE","authors":"S. Bamji, A. Bulinski, R. Densley","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726473","url":null,"abstract":"Several mechanisms have been proposed for electrical tree initiation in high voltage (HV) transmission and distribution cables. These include fatigue cracking due to Maxwell stress, Joule heating that leads to thermal decomposition, high field induced impact ionization and hot electrons that can break bonds of the polymer insulation. These mechanisms acting singly or in combination can cause insulation failure but none of these has been able to adequately explain the gradual degradation that occurs in cables which operate at stresses much lower than the breakdown strength of the polymeric insulation. It has been reported that light is emitted when low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is subjected to highly divergent electric fields at cryogenic [l] and room [2] temperatures. Such fields can be produced by metallic inclusions or protusions in the polymer and are usually simulated by embedding needles into the polymer. It was shown recently [3] that the mechanism of charge transfer across the metal-polymer interface controls the voltage at which light inception occurs at the needle tips.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"289 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121330161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavior of electrostatic charge and distribution of velocity of flowing petroleum in relaxation pipe","authors":"N. Kitamura, K. Horii","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726446","url":null,"abstract":"The electrostatic charge in petroleum generated in a filter or a transportation pipe is very hazardous and has to be reduced before the petroleum is poured into a storage tank. It is known that the relaxation pipe(hereafter, noted as RP) is effective for this purpose. Many factors of RP have discussed in earlier studie [1],[2], e.g. conductivity, viscosity and mean flow velocity of petroleum sample, geometrical scale of RP and so on versus relaxation factor (reduction rate of electrostatic charge in RP). For increasing the effect to discharge the electrostatic charge in RP, the distribution of velocity of flowing petroleum in RP must be known accurately.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117301021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of pressure on the prebreakdown events in toluene","authors":"G. FitzPatrick, E. Forster","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726458","url":null,"abstract":"Optical studies of the events leading to electrical breakdown in dielectric materials have suggested that the initiation of this process takes place at the metal dielectric interface [1,2]. From high-speed photographs of these prebreakdown events it has been suggested that at selected metal sites electrons are injected into the material or extracted from it depending on the local electrical field conditions [3]. Consequently, streamers are formed that propagate through the dielectric. The photographs obtained with image — converter cameras permit the study of the growth rate, but they indicate only the existence of a region of different refractive index near the injection sites and do not reveal the cause of that region. It has been suggested that these streamers represent regions of lower density than that of the surrounding material, possibly even a vapor phase or a void [2,4]. To check these possibilities studies were initiated of the effect of pressure on these processes. It was reasoned that if these regions were indeed of lower density and contained a vapor phase, their formation might be inhibited by increasing the ambient pressure. In a preceding paper [5], it was shown that, in n-hexane, pressure indeed caused the disappearance of these primary streamers. To check the broader validity of these observations a study was undertaken of the effect of pressure on the prebreakdown process in toluene which with its aromatic structure represents a quite different molecular species than the linear saturated hydrocarbon, n-hexane. The results of this study are presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"668 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132333024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution of ion flow field quantities in air under HVDC transmission lines","authors":"Z. Yan, C. Wen, G. Gela","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726492","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents computed and measured (in a reduced-scale model) distributions of electric field strength E and current density J at ground level under practical HVDC transmission lines in corona. The iterative method of Ref. 1 is used to solve the corona equations for E and J in the case of unipolar lines. Since under bipolar lines, only two unipolar regions (negative and positive) exist at the ground level, the same method is used for the bipolar case also. Good agreement is observed between the computed and measured profiles of E and J. Mathematical relations for maximum values of E and J as function of various parameters can be utilized in design and analysis of HVDC transmission lines.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130743685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of free volume in polyethylene on impulse breakdown","authors":"M. Sone, H. Isono, H. Mitsui","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726495","url":null,"abstract":"It is believed that the impulse breakdown of thick insulating materials is caused by the pure electric breakdown without partial discharge degradation. The field strength of materials may be arranged by the morphology of the insulating materials such as density, melt index, molecular structure, kinds of defects and impurities. But it is unknown what the factor with the physical meaning for the pure electric breakdown is.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130648731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Ranon, A. Watson, T. Engel, M. Kristiansen, L. Hatfield
{"title":"Insulator damage from a moving arc in a surface discharge switch","authors":"P. Ranon, A. Watson, T. Engel, M. Kristiansen, L. Hatfield","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.1986.7726437","url":null,"abstract":"A Surface Discharge Switch (SDS) has been constructed to evaluate insulator materials exposed to discharge currents in excess of 500 kA for both static and moving arc discharges. The purpose of this work is to test various dielectric materials as candidates for the insulator material in high current pulsed power devices. Both static and moving arc electrode geometries are shown in Fig. 1. The SDS is shown schematically in Fig. 2 with maximum operating parameters listed in Table 1.","PeriodicalId":354533,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Electrical Insulation & Dielectric Phenomena — Annual Report 1986","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122899297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}