Siwakoti Yam Prasad, Bhupendra Bimal Chhetri, B. Adhikary, D. Bista
{"title":"Microcontroller based intelligent DC/DC converter to track Maximum Power Point for solar photovoltaic module","authors":"Siwakoti Yam Prasad, Bhupendra Bimal Chhetri, B. Adhikary, D. Bista","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619859","url":null,"abstract":"Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is widely used control technique to extract maximum power available from the solar cell of photovoltaic (PV) module. Since the solar cells have non-linear i–v characteristics. The efficiency of PV module is very low and power output depends on solar insolation level and ambient temperature, so maximization of power output with greater efficiency is of special interest. Moreover there is great loss of power due to mismatch of source and load. So, to extract maximum power from solar panel a MPPT needs to be designed. The objective of the paper is to present a novel cost effective and efficient microcontroller based MPPT system for solar photovoltaic system to ensure fast maximum power point operation at all fast changing environmental conditions. The proposed controller scheme utilizes PWM techniques to regulate the output power of boost DC/DC converter at its maximum possible value and simultaneously controls the charging process of battery. Incremental Conductance algorithm is implemented to track maximum power point. For the feasibility study, parameter extraction, model evaluation and analysis of converter system design a MATLAB/Simulink model is demonstrated and simulated for a typical 40W solar panel from Kyocera KC-40 for hardware implementation and verification. Finally, a hardware model is designed and tested in lab at different operating conditions. Further, MPPT system has been tested with Solar Panel at different solar insolation level and temperature. The resulting system has high-efficiency, lower-cost, very fast tracking speed and can be easily modified for additional control function for future use.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130796260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliable energy for developing countries","authors":"Gim Soon Wan","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619784","url":null,"abstract":"Availability of reliable energy is an essential component to the development of the world's humanity. Shortages and unreliable electricity supplies will have adverse effects on availability of food, clean potable water, health care and many other factors that will limit quality of life for people, and affect their economic productivity.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126542262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combining superconductor cables and VSC HVDC terminals for long distance transmission","authors":"J. Mccall, B. Gamble, S. Eckroad","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619849","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of underground DC superconductor cables and voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC terminals operating at moderate DC voltages (approximately +/−200kV) creates a new option for transmitting power over long distances with multiple collection and distribution point, creating a virtual, long-distance, high power DC bus-bar. This combination of technologies has the potential of transmitting 5,000 – 10,000MW or more, over distances exceeding 1500 km while exhibiting the lowest power losses of any transmission technology. The system has the potential to be cost competitive with overhead EHV AC and traditional HVDC transmission technologies.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126838105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nichols, J. Huang, M. Ilic, L. Casey, M. Prestero
{"title":"Two-stage PV power system with improved throughput and utility control capability","authors":"S. Nichols, J. Huang, M. Ilic, L. Casey, M. Prestero","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619861","url":null,"abstract":"For large, utility scale, PV systems a two-stage PV power conversion with distributed dc-dc conversion at the string level and a central inverter can provide significant improvement in PV generation in the face of mismatched panels and uneven irradiation (e.g. shading, clouds and soiling ). Such a system has been developed with funding under the U.S. Department of Energy SEGIS program. This paper investigates the performance of this system through modeling of various shading conditions and compares the results with measured performance from field testing of a prototype system. Improvements over a single-stage, central inverter of up to 46% for certain conditions are verified.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121633460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Baghdadchi, M. Robinson, N. Quinlan, C. Borneman, P. Cassidy
{"title":"Wind-based hybrid power systems in rural Western New York","authors":"J. Baghdadchi, M. Robinson, N. Quinlan, C. Borneman, P. Cassidy","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619798","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to explore the residential and agricultural use of small wind power systems in rural western New York, and to develop a sense of efficacy and efficiency of such systems. The study deals mainly with hybrid systems, that is, systems with wind as the primary source of power along with a variety of backup sources. The study also attempts to identify the technical and economic difficulties associated with small-scale applications of these systems. Numerous case studies revealed common misconceptions regarding wind turbines and the barriers these ideas create in the progress of a rural wind program. Lack of incentive programs makes it even more difficult for wind-based energy share to grow in Western New York.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132833043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Casey, S. Lasher, Steve Rhoades, C. Schauder, B. Semenov
{"title":"A faster, smarter, controllable, greener, distributed Grid - the keys to an advanced Grid that yields higher power quality","authors":"L. Casey, S. Lasher, Steve Rhoades, C. Schauder, B. Semenov","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619840","url":null,"abstract":"Dramatic improvements in Grid power quality require fundamental changes to the physical layer of the Grid, where our electric power is generated, transported and utilized. The addition of “Smarts” to the Grid is essential; however, while it is a necessary condition, it is insufficient to provide the digital quality power that our loads increasingly demand. The fundamental problem of the Grid is not lack of intelligence, but lack of speed. Bulk power sources are remote from loads, and existing controls are applied to clumsy actuators and switchgear. The Future Grid, described here, requires a minimum penetration of generation coupled through electronics. This can easily be achieved through Grid-connected renewables, ideally highly distributed, with autonomous controls for transient events and centralized regional controls for slower time scales. Partial penetration of fast response generation enables performance which can achieve substantially higher quality of power. An additional requirement for a truly robust Grid is either a very high level of high bandwidth control of sources and loads or high-speed fault-limiting and high-speed valves in the Transmission and Distribution (T&D) system, to contain damage and prevent cascading blackouts.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133139535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy storage for use in load frequency control","authors":"O. Leitermann, J. Kirtley","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619794","url":null,"abstract":"Certain energy storage technologies are well-suited to the high-frequency, high-cycling operation which is required in provision of load frequency control (LFC). To limit the total stored energy capacity required while reducing the cycling burden on traditional thermal generators, the LFC signal may be split between thermal generators and energy storage units. To evaluate the dispatch of energy storage units in concert with thermal generators, this paper presents energy-duration curves and ramp-rate-duration curves as graphical tools. The energy storage requirement and thermal ramping requirement may also be graphically compared to provide insight for cost evaluations.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128923489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Minimal Budget Approach algorithm for integration of clean energy to electricity systems","authors":"Jinxu Ding, Arun Kumar Somani","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619868","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce green house emission, some clean energy policies have been approved or are being designed to stimulate clean energy development in electricity systems of some countries. The implementation of these clean energy policies needs a huge investment of money because this will reform the backbones of the energy infrastructure in these countries. Thus, it is important to find out how to minimize the investment meanwhile meet the growing power demand and satisfy the clean energy policies. This issue plays an important role in the development of a country in the aspects of economics, environment and energy. In this paper, we focus on the above issue and propose a Minimal Budget Approach (MBA) algorithm, which can help decison makers to find out how to realize the clean energy policies, meet increasing power demand and keep the budget as small as possible.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133931633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virus constructed iron phosphate lithium ion batteries in unmanned aircraft systems","authors":"Rachel Kolesnikov-Lindsey, M. Allen, A. Belcher","doi":"10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITRES.2010.5619817","url":null,"abstract":"FePO4 lithium ion batteries that have cathodes constructed by viruses are scaled up in size to examine potential for use as an auxiliary battery in the Raven to power the payload equipment. These batteries are assembled at standard temperature and pressure, yet are consistently able to achieve 20nm FePO4 particle size, creating higher energy density. Conductivity is increased in the scale up of the cathodes by integrating a stainless steel mesh to the design. A prototype auxiliary battery design is created, tested, and refined to determine how virally constructed FePO4 batteries behave as they are scaled up.","PeriodicalId":354280,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129807776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}