Cancer Informatics最新文献

{"title":"In silico Prediction on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway of the Antiproliferative Effect of O. joconostle in Breast Cancer Models","authors":"Alejandra Ortiz-González, P. P. González-Pérez, M. Cárdenas-García, M. Hernández-Linares","doi":"10.1177/11769351221087028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351221087028","url":null,"abstract":"The search for new cancer treatments from traditional medicine involves developing studies to understand at the molecular level different cell signaling pathways involved in cancer development. In this work, we present a model of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which plays a key role in cell cycle regulation and is related to cell survival, proliferation, and growth in cancer, as well as resistance to antitumor therapies, so finding drugs that act on this pathway is ideal to propose a new adjuvant treatment. The aim of this work was to model, simulate and predict in silico using the Big Data-Cellulat platform the possible targets in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway on which the Opuntia joconostle extract acts, as well as to indicate the concentration range to be used to find the mean lethal dose in in vitro experiments on breast cancer cells. The in silico results show that, in a cancer cell, the activation of JAK and STAT, as well as PI3K and Akt is related to the effect of cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and inhibition of apoptosis, and that the extract of O. joconostle has an antiproliferative effect on breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, regulating the cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis through this signaling pathway. In vitro it was demonstrated that the extract shows an antiproliferative effect, causing the arrest of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of in silico tools is a valuable method to perform virtual experiments and discover new treatments. The use of this type of model supports in vitro experimentation, reducing the costs and number of experiments in the real laboratory.","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42815755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors Among College and University Female Students in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"H. Bekele, A. Nuri, Legesse Abera","doi":"10.1177/11769351221084808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351221084808","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cervical cancer is preventable and, in most cases, curable if identified at an early stage. Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality Ethiopia with screening accounting for only 0.8%. Furthermore, female students and young adults in colleges and universities’ have a high prevalence of genital HPV infection because of their risky sexual behavior, lack of knowledge on screening and very few students receive screening services. This study aimed to assess the Knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among female college students in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage sampling technique from November to December 2020, among 730 female college students in Dire Dawa. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to describe each variable and identify associations between the dependent and independent variables respectively. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value <.05 used to determine the association. Results: The results showed, only 64 (9.3%) participants were knowledgeable, 413 (60.1%) had positive attitudes and 17 (2.5%) were screened in their lifetime. Age group, years of study, and history of cervical cancer practice were significantly associated with knowledge of cervical cancer screening. The year of study was based on cervical cancer smears and the number of screenings was significantly associated with attitude. Conclusion: This study showed that students’ knowledge of cervical cancer screening is low. Overall attitudes toward cervical cancer screening among female students were good, but only a small proportion of students had undergone cervical cancer screening. The most common reasons for the low screening practice were lack of information and undecided. There is a need to promote different campaigns for cervical cancer screening programs, in order to increase awareness.","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Decision Support System for Increasing Compliance with Protocols in Chemotherapy of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"H. Moghaddasi, Rezvan Rahimi, Alireza Kazemi, Khadijeh Arjmandi Rafsanjani, G. Bahoush, Forough Rahimi","doi":"10.1177/11769351221084812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351221084812","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this survey, a protocol-based Chemotherapy Prescription Decision Support System (CPDSS) was designed and evaluated to reduce medication errors in the chemotherapy process of children with ALL. Methods: The CPDSS algorithm was extracted by the software development team based on the protocol used by doctors to treat children with ALL. The ASP.Net MVC and SQL Server 2016 programming languages were used to develop the system. A 3-step evaluation (technical, retrospective, and user satisfaction) was performed on CPDSS designed at 2 children’s hospitals in Tehran. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. At the technical evaluation step, users provided recommendations included in the system. Results: In the retrospective CPDSS evaluation step, 1281 prescribed doses of the drugs related to 30 patients were entered into the system. CPDSS detected 735 cases of protocol deviations and 57 (95%, CI = 1.25-2.55) errors in prescribed chemotherapy for children with ALL. In the user satisfaction evaluation, the users approved two dimensions of the user interface and functionality of the system. Conclusions: With the provision of alerts, the CPDSS can help increase compliance with chemotherapy protocols and decrease the chemotherapy prescribing errors that can improve patient safety.","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42461319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the Therapeutic and Prognostic Role of the CD8+ T Cell-Related Gene ALDH2 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Hongmei Zhang,&nbsp;Zhaozheng Li,&nbsp;Yan Zheng","doi":"10.1177/11769351221139252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351221139252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is a widely known malignancy which is usually diagnosed late and has a poor prognosis. This study focuses on finding a new gene linked with CD8+ <i>T</i> cell infiltration as a prognostic marker for patients with HNSC. Differential analysis of transcriptomic data was performed between HNSC and control tissues from TCGA and GEO database. The CD8+ <i>T</i> cell infiltration score was quantified using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithms were used to identify key modules associated with CD8+ <i>T</i> cell infiltration. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis was used to compare overall survival (OS) between the 2 groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess independent prognostic markers. The results showed CD8+ <i>T</i> cell infiltration score was an independent favorable prognostic marker in HNSC. Differential analysis and WGCNA identified 93 differential gene related to high CD8+ <i>T</i> infiltration. Amog the 93 genes, ALDH2 was an independent favorable prognostic marker in HNSC. ALDH2 expression was found to be much lower in HNSC, and patients with low ALDH2 expression had higher T stage and N stage. The correlation analysis showed that ALDH2 was linked with immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment of HNSC. Patients having increased expression of ALDH2 tend to be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In addition, we showed the relationship between ALDH2 expression and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity. In conclusion, this study identified ALDH2 as a prognostic marker, associated with CD8+ <i>T</i> cell infiltration in HNSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/19/10.1177_11769351221139252.PMC9772952.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10440113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase (PSMD) Genes for Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Patients.","authors":"AbdulFattah Salah Fararjeh,&nbsp;Ali Al-Khader,&nbsp;Malak Al-Saleem,&nbsp;Rinad Abu Qauod","doi":"10.1177/11769351211067692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351211067692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteasome a highly sophisticated systems that alter protein structure and function. Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase (PSMD) genes have been implicated in several types of malignancies. This is the first study to look at how proteasomal subunits are expressed in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). BLCA was used to evaluate the predictive value of PSMD genes (PSMD1 to PSMD12) in relation to clinicopathological characteristics. PSMD genes' expression patterns at the mRNA level were analyzed using a variety of bioinformatics methods, including gene expression profile integrative analysis (GEPIA), Oncomine, TCGA, and Gene expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The GEPIA and TCGA dataset survival plot functions were used to assess the prognostic significance of PSMD genes. PSMD2, PSMD3, PSMD4, PSMD8, and PSMD11 genes were significantly overexpressed in BLCA compared with normal bladder tissues. PSMD2 and PSMD8 were significantly overexpressed in BLCA more than other types of cancer. High level of PSMD2 and PSMD8 predicted shorter overall (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) in BLCA patients. High level of PSMD2 was significantly associated with elder age (<i>P</i> <i><</i> .001), female gender (<i>P</i> = .014), tumor grade (<i>P</i> <i><</i> .001), and metastasis (<i>P</i> = .003). PSMD2 has been shown to be an independent predictor for OS in BLCA patients based on univariate and multivariate analysis (<i>P</i> <i><</i> .001). Overall, according to this study, PSMD2 and PSMD8 could be served as a prognostic biomarker for BLCA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/54/10.1177_11769351211067692.PMC8725213.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39791623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Cervical Cancer and Associated Factors Among Women Attended Cervical Cancer Screening Center at Gahandi Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia.","authors":"Mulugeta Mekuria,&nbsp;Kebede Edosa,&nbsp;Mulualem Endashaw,&nbsp;Elias Teferi Bala,&nbsp;Eshetu E Chaka,&nbsp;Berhanu Senbeta Deriba,&nbsp;Bikila Tesfa","doi":"10.1177/11769351211068431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351211068431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the fact that cervical cancer is preventable disease, it is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death in women. An estimated 604 000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and 342 000 women died from the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cervical cancer among women attended cervical cancer screening center in Gahandi memorial Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Gahandi Memorial Hospital in which simple random sampling technique was used to select 422 registration books of women who visited the hospital between May 2015 and May 2019. Texts, tables, and graph were used to present results. Binary logistic regression with a <i>P</i>-value of <.25 and multivariate logistic regression with a <i>P</i>-value of <.05 were used to determine the association between independent variables and outcome variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, from the total of 422 women screened with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) screening test, 23.5% of them were found to be positive for VIA test. From those who were diagnosed positive with VIA screening test, about 10.1 % were identified with high grade lesions. Having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.21-3.29), being HIV-positive (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI:1.10-4.69), having a history of Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI) (AOR = 6.76, 95% CI: 1.14-3.90), and beginning sexual intercourse at early age (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-5.13) were factors associated with cervical cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that the high prevalence of cervical cancer. Having multiple sexual partners, being Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) positive, having STI history and early initiation of sexual intercourse were factors associated with cervical cancer. Therefore, avoiding multiple sexual partners, delaying of early sexual contact, and self-protection from STI infections might help to prevent cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/3e/10.1177_11769351211068431.PMC8725021.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39791625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Identification of Stearic Acid as a Potential PDK1 Inhibitor and In Vitro Validation of Stearic Acid as Colon Cancer Therapeutic in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil.","authors":"Jonathan Mitchel,&nbsp;Pratima Bajaj,&nbsp;Ketki Patil,&nbsp;Austin Gunnarson,&nbsp;Emilie Pourchet,&nbsp;Yoo Na Kim,&nbsp;Jeffrey Skolnick,&nbsp;S Balakrishna Pai","doi":"10.1177/11769351211065979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351211065979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer is the third largest cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although current treatments with chemotherapeutics have allowed for management of colorectal cancer, additional novel treatments are essential. Intervening with the metabolic reprogramming observed in cancers called \"Warburg Effect,\" is one of the novel strategies considered to combat cancers. In the metabolic reprogramming pathway, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK1) plays a pivotal role. Identification and characterization of a PDK1 inhibitor is of paramount importance. Further, for efficacious treatment of colorectal cancers, combinatorial regimens are essential. To this end, we opted to identify a PDK1 inhibitor using computational structure-based drug design FINDSITE^comb and perform combinatorial studies with 5-FU for efficacious treatment of colorectal cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using computational structure-based drug design FINDSITE^comb, stearic acid (SA) was identified as a possible PDK1 inhibitor. Elucidation of the mechanism of action of SA was performed using flow cytometry, clonogenic assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the growth inhibitory potential of SA was tested on colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) cells, a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 60 µM was recorded. Moreover, SA inhibited the proliferation potential of DLD-1 cells as shown by the clonogenic assay and there was a sustained response even after withdrawal of the compound. Elucidation of the mechanism of action revealed, that the inhibitory effect of SA was through the programmed cell death pathway. There was increase in the number of apoptotic and multicaspase positive cells. SA also impacted the levels of the cell survival protein Bcl-2. With the aim of achieving improved treatment for colorectal cancer, we opted to combine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the currently used drug in the clinic, with SA. Combining SA with 5-FU, revealed a synergistic effect in which the IC₅₀ of 5-FU decreased from 25 to 6 µM upon combination with 60 µM SA. Further, SA did not inhibit non-tumorigenic NIH-3T3 proliferation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We envision that this significant decrease in the IC₅₀ of 5-FU could translate into less side effects of 5-FU and increase the efficacy of the treatment due to the multifaceted action of SA. The data generated from the current studies on the inhibition of colorectal adenocarcinoma by SA discovered by the use of the computational program as well as synergistic action with 5-FU should open up novel therapeutic options for the management of colorectal adenocarcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/cb/10.1177_11769351211065979.PMC8679029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39738465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sparse Regression in Cancer Genomics: Comparing Variable Selection and Predictions in Real World Data.","authors":"Robert J O'Shea, Sophia Tsoka, Gary Jr Cook, Vicky Goh","doi":"10.1177/11769351211056298","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11769351211056298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evaluation of gene interaction models in cancer genomics is challenging, as the true distribution is uncertain. Previous analyses have benchmarked models using synthetic data or databases of experimentally verified interactions - approaches which are susceptible to misrepresentation and incompleteness, respectively. The objectives of this analysis are to (1) provide a real-world data-driven approach for comparing performance of genomic model inference algorithms, (2) compare the performance of LASSO, elastic net, best-subset selection, <math> <mrow><msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow> </msub> <msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> penalisation and <math> <mrow><msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow> </msub> <msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> penalisation in real genomic data and (3) compare algorithmic preselection according to performance in our benchmark datasets to algorithmic selection by internal cross-validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five large <math><mrow><mo>(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mn>4000</mn> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> genomic datasets were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus. 'Gold-standard' regression models were trained on subspaces of these datasets ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mn>4000</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>500</mn></mrow> </math> ). Penalised regression models were trained on small samples from these subspaces ( <math><mrow><mi>n</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow><mo>{</mo> <mrow><mn>25</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>75</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>150</mn></mrow> <mo>}</mo></mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>500</mn></mrow> </math> ) and validated against the gold-standard models. Variable selection performance and out-of-sample prediction were assessed. Penalty 'preselection' according to test performance in the other 4 datasets was compared to selection internal cross-validation error minimisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><math> <mrow><msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow> </msub> <msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> -penalisation achieved the highest cosine similarity between estimated coefficients and those of gold-standard models. <math> <mrow><msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow> </msub> <msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> -penalised models explained the greatest proportion of variance in test responses, though performance was unreliable in low signal:noise conditions. <math> <mrow><msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow> </msub> <msub><mi>L</mi> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math> also attained the highest overall median variable selection F1 score. Penalty preselection significantly outperformed selection by internal cross-validation in each of 3 examined metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This analysis explores a novel approach for comparisons of model selection approaches in real genomic data from 5 cancers. Our benchma","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8640984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39693077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of melatonin on the Bisphenol-A- induced cytotoxicity and genetic toxicity in colon cancer cell lines, normal gingival cell lines, and bone marrow stem cell lines.","authors":"Rouya Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Shokrzadeh,&nbsp;Nasrin Ghassemi Barghi","doi":"10.1177/11769351211056295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351211056295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical that has widely been used in the production of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins in the manufacture of consumer products. The most common path of human exposure to BPA is by oral intake that involves genotoxicity, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity in both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models. Melatonin is known as a free-radical scavenger and a powerful antioxidant agent. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on viability and genetic disorders of normal Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF), colon cancer (MKN45), and bone marrow stem cell (MSC) lines exposed to BPA. For this purpose, MTT and Comet assays were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity properties of BPA and the role of melatonin. The results showed that BPA exposure resulted in increased oxidative stress parameters including MDA and ROS, and decreased GSH content. The current study demonstrated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of BPA and the protective role of melatonin in preventing cytotoxicity and DNA damage are induced by BPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f1/5b/10.1177_11769351211056295.PMC8606939.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39655635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Selected Flavonoid Structures and Their Potential Activity as Breast Anticancer Agents.","authors":"Mohammed Hadi Ali Al-Jumaili,&nbsp;Muqdad Khairi Yahya Al Hdeethi","doi":"10.1177/11769351211055160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11769351211055160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavonoids contain pharmacological effects that help to protect cells from damage. However, the anticancer activity of flavonoids is related to their modulation of signal transduction pathways within cancer cells. Natural substances such as flavonoids have immune-stimulating anti-tumor effect that could lower breast cancer risk. However, various diseases included Alzheimer's and cancer disease are associated with flavonoids intake due to their ability as antioxidant agent to alter essential cellular enzyme's function. Therefore, through interaction between flavonoids and Cytochrome P450 (CYP) family enzymes led to make them chemopreventive agents for breast cancer. In this analysis, the chemo-informatics properties of 5 selective flavonoid derivatives and their efficiency as anti-breast cancer drugs were evaluated. Flavonoid ligands were docked with the predicted protein, which is human placental aromatase complexes with exemestane, a breast cancer drug (3S7S). Based on various docking energies, the molecular characteristics and bioactivity score of the following components, C₁₅H₁₂O₆ 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one and C₁₅H₁₂O₅ 5,8-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one showed greatest molecular properties and bioactivity docking scores of -8.633117 and -8.633117 kcal/mol respectively. Therefore, both compounds could be considered antitumor agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":35418,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cc/27/10.1177_11769351211055160.PMC8597067.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39642924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}